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Endothelial Glycocalyx-Mediated Intercellular Interactions: Mechanisms and Implications for Atherosclerosis and Cancer Metastasis
ConclusionOur findings lay a foundation for future endothelial GCX-targeted therapy, to control intercellular interactions and limit the progression of atherosclerosis and cancer. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - September 29, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Impact of Mitral Regurgitation on the Flow in a Model of a Left Ventricle
ConclusionConsidering these results, the introduction of new parameters based on LV VED could provide crucial information regarding the coupling between the mitral valve and the LV and allow for a better stratification of patients with MR. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - September 29, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Glycocalyx and Its Role in Vascular Physiology and Vascular Related Diseases
ConclusionAs we have seen in this review, many important developments in our basic understanding of GCX structure, function and role in diseases have been described since the 2007 paper. The future is wide open for continued GCX research. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - September 20, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Anisodamine Hydrobromide Protects Glycocalyx and Against the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Increases in Microvascular Endothelial Layer Permeability and Nitric Oxide Production
ConclusionAni HBr protects ECs against LPS-induced increase in cell barrier permeability and nitric oxide productionvia preserving the integrity of glycocalyx. Ani HBr is a promising drug to rescue or protect the glycocalyx. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - September 14, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cavitation Suppression of Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valves
ConclusionCFD method is a promising method to deal with cavitation in BMHVs, and the closing velocity of leaflets has the same trend with the cavitation intensity. By using CFD method, the effects of the conduit geometry and the leaflet geometry on cavitaion in BMHVs are found out. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - September 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Role of Tricellular Junctions in the Transport of Macromolecules Across Endothelium
ConclusionThese data show that tricellular junctions dominate normal transport of this tracer and largely determine influences of agonists and shear. The effects were attributable to changes in both the number and conductivity of the junctions. Further investigation of these structures will lead to increased understanding of endothelial barrier function and may suggest new therapeutic strategies in disease. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - August 19, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Considerations in the Development of Small-Diameter Vascular Graft as an Alternative for Bypass and Reconstructive Surgeries: A Review
ConclusionUntil now, there are few comprehensive reviews regarding considerations in the design of small-diameter vascular grafts in the literature. Here-in, we have discussed in-depth the various strategies employed to generate engineered vascular graft due to their high demand for vascular surgeries. While some TEVG design strategies have shown greater potential in contrast to autologous or synthetic ePTFE conduits, many are still hindered by high production cost which prevents their widespread adoption. Nonetheless, as tissue engineers continue to develop on their strategies and procedures for improved TEVGs, soon, a re...
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - August 17, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

3D Automatic Segmentation of Aortic Computed Tomography Angiography Combining Multi-View 2D Convolutional Neural Networks
ConclusionThe achieved results show that the proposed pipeline can effectively localize and segment the aortic lumen in subjects with aneurysm. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - August 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A Proof of Concept of a Non-Invasive Image-Based Material Characterization Method for Enhanced Patient-Specific Computational Modeling
ConclusionThis study presented promising results of an indirect and non-invasive method to establish elastic properties from solely MR images data, suggesting a potential image-based mechanical characterization of large blood vessels. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - August 2, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Mechanical and Structural Evaluation of Tricuspid Bicuspidization in a Porcine Model
ConclusionTaken together, these results provide a first mechanical analysis of the TV bicuspidization mechanism and may serve as a point of reference for future clinical animal studies. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - July 30, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

3D Bioprinting the Cardiac Purkinje System Using Human Adipogenic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Purkinje Cells
ConclusionBased on the results of this study, hADMSCs were successfully reprogrammed to form Purkinje cells and bioprinted to form Purkinje networks. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - July 23, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Formation of Vortices in Idealised Branching Vessels: A CFD Benchmark Study
ConclusionsThis benchmark study validates the CFD simulation of vortex detection in idealised branching vessels under comprehensive flow conditions. This work also proposes a surrogate model for the size of the vortex, which could reduce the computational requirements in the studies related to branching vessels and complex vascular systems. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - July 13, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A Percutaneous Catheter for In Vivo Hyperspectral Imaging of Cardiac Tissue: Challenges, Solutions and Future Directions
ConclusionBased on the success of our prototype system, we are confident that the development of ever more sensitive cameras, recent advances in tunable filters, fiber bundles, and other optical and computational components makes it possible to create percutaneous catheters capable of acquiring hyper or multispectral hypercubes, including those based on autofluorescence, in real-time. This opens the door for widespread use of this methodology for high-resolution intraoperative imaging of internal tissues and organs —including cardiovascular applications. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - July 13, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Tissue Ingrowth Markedly Reduces Mechanical Anisotropy and Stiffness in Fibre Direction of Highly Aligned Electrospun Polyurethane Scaffolds
ConclusionBased on the observations, it is proposed that the mechanism underlying the softening of the highly aligned scaffold in the predominant fibre direction is associated with scaffold compaction and local displacement of fibres by the newly formed tissue. The stiffening of the scaffold, observed transverse to highly aligned fibres and for more a random fibre distribution, represents the actual mechanical contribution of the tissue that developed in the scaffold. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - June 30, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Experimental Assessment of Two Non-Contrast MRI Sequences Used for Computational Fluid Dynamics: Investigation of Consistency Between Techniques
ConclusionIn conclusion, choosing different MRI sequences resulted in slightly different geometries of the same anatomy, which led to compounded errors in WSS quantities from CFD simulation. (Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology)
Source: Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology - June 30, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research