Clinical decision support systems to guide healthcare providers on HIV testing
Conclusion:
CDSSs improve HIV testing and may, potentially, improve diagnosis. The data support the broader study of CDSSs in low- and high prevalent HIV settings to determine their precise impact on UNAIDS goals to reach universal HIV testing and treatment coverage. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - July 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Higher epicardial fat in older adults living with HIV with viral suppression and relationship with liver steatosis, coronary calcium and cardiometabolic risks
Objectives:
HIV infection is associated with ectopic fat deposition, which leads to chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic dysregulation. We assessed the epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and its associated factors among people with HIV (PWH).
Design:
A cross-sectional study.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study among PWH aged at least 50 years and age-matched and sex-matched HIV-negative older individuals in Bangkok, Thailand. Participants underwent a noncontrast, cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan to assess coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and EAT between March 2016 and June 2017...
Source: AIDS - July 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Hypogonadism: a neglected comorbidity in young and middle-aged HIV-positive men on effective combination antiretroviral therapy
Objective:
Male hypogonadism is poorly characterized in young-to-middle-aged people with HIV (PWH). We used a reliable free testosterone assay to assess the prevalence and predictive factors for male hypogonadism in PWH on effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).
Design:
A French cross-sectional study from January 2013 to June 2016.
Methods:
We included HIV-1-infected men aged between 18 and 50years with HIV loads of 50 RNA copies/ml or less, on effective cART for at least 6 months. Hypogonadism was defined, according to guidelines, as a mean calculated serum free testosterone concentration les...
Source: AIDS - July 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Ibalizumab shows in-vitro activity against group A and group B HIV-2 clinical isolates
Conclusion:
Ibalizumab inhibits HIV-2 replication, with IC50 and MPI in the range of those reported for HIV-1. These in vitro data support the use of ibalizumab in patients with MDR HIV-2, in combination with an optimized background regimen. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - July 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BASIC SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Weight gain stopping/switch rules for antiretroviral clinical trials
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Renal mitochondrial toxicity: effects of thymidine analogues and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in African people with HIV
We investigated the contributions of thymidine analogue and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) antiretroviral therapy on renal mitochondrial toxicity in Ghanaian people with HIV (PWH). Similar levels of renal biochemical and mitochondrial dysfunction were seen, and there was no increased risk in PWH who had sequenced from thymidine analogue to TDF. However, mild renal impairment was associated with mitochondrial DNA damage in TDF but not thymidine analogue-treated PWH. These data support the continued use of TDF in resource-limited settings. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Tenofovir disoproxil and renal mitochondrial toxicity: more studies in Africans are needed
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Editorial Comments Source Type: research
Real-time assessment of adherence to antiretroviral drugs: a moving target
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Editorial Comments Source Type: research
Baseline HIV drug-resistance testing: 12 US jurisdictions, 2014–2019
Conclusion:
While reported levels of baseline PR/RT (with or without integrase) testing have remained sufficiently high for the purposes of molecular cluster detection, higher levels would strengthen jurisdictions’ and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's ability to monitor trends in HIV drug-resistance and detect and respond to HIV molecular clusters. Efforts to increase levels of reported baseline testing likely need to address both gaps in testing as well as reporting. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL: CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research
Underdetection of pre-existing HIV/AIDS during psychiatric hospitalizations
Conclusion:
Over half of inpatients previously diagnosed with HIV/AIDS did not have their HIV-positive status noted upon discharge from psychiatric hospitalization. This finding underscores how frequently clinically significant medical comorbidities fail to be incorporated into psychiatric treatment and treatment planning. Inpatient clinicians are missing important opportunities to optimize HIV/AIDS treatment and reduce morbidity and mortality. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL: CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research
Distinct forms of migration and mobility are differentially associated with HIV treatment adherence
Conclusion:
We found that localized/intra-district migration and nonwork travel—more common among women—were associated with lower adherence, potentially reflecting care interruptions or staying with family/friends unaware of the participants’ status. In contrast, short work-related trips—more common among men—were associated with higher adherence, perhaps reflecting higher income. Adherence interventions may require tailoring by sex and forms of mobility. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Predictors of adverse pregnancy outcomes among Kenyan women with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in pregnancy
Conclusion:
Maternal viremia during pregnancy predicted PTB as did IPV, lower education, and STI history, while psychosocial stressors predicted stillbirth. Implementing mental health services, ART adherence, partner support, and routine STI screening and treatment could reduce APOs among women with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa settings. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Differential patterns of postmigration HIV-1 infection acquisition among Portuguese immigrants of different geographical origins
Objective:
To investigate the dynamics of phylogenetic transmission clusters involving immigrants of Portuguese Speaking Countries living in Portugal.
Design/methods:
We included genomic sequences, sociodemographic and clinical data from 772 HIV migrants followed in Portugal between 2001 and 2017. To reconstruct HIV-1 transmission clusters, we applied phylogenetic inference from 16 454 patients: 772 migrants, 2973 Portuguese and 12 709 global controls linked to demographic and clinical data. Transmission clusters were defined using: clusters with SH greater than 90% (phylogenetic support), genetic distance l...
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Uncontrolled HIV and inflammation is associated with intracranial saccular aneurysm presence
Conclusion:
Well controlled HIV is associated with fewer ISAs. The identification of non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors contributing to ISA formation may provide valuable insight to impact clinical practice and inform the pathophysiology underlying ISA formation. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research
Persistent HIV transcription and variable antiretroviral drug penetration in lymph nodes during plasma viral suppression
Conclusion:
MVC has enhanced lymph node penetration and thereby may contribute to more complete viral suppression in the lymph node. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - June 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: research
