Virologic outcomes among adults with HIV using integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy
Conclusions: Although InSTI-based initial ART regimens had more rapid virologic response than EFV-based regimens, the long-term virologic effect was similar. Our findings may inform guidelines regarding preferred initial regimens for HIV treatment. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology and Social Source Type: research

Predictors of secondary HIV transmission risk in a cohort of adolescents living with HIV in South Africa
Objective: Preventing secondary HIV transmission from adolescents and young people living with HIV (AYPLHIV) to their partners and children is critical to interrupting the HIV infection cycle in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated predictors of secondary HIV transmission risk (past-year sexual risk combined with past-year viremia) among AYPLHIV in South Africa. Design: A prospective cohort of AYLPHIV in South Africa recruited n = 1046 participants in 2014–2015, 93.6% of whom were followed up in 2016–2017 (1.5% mortality). Questionnaires used validated scales where available and biomarkers were extracted ...
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology and Social Source Type: research

Prevalent human papillomavirus infection increases the risk of HIV acquisition in African women: advancing the argument for human papillomavirus immunization
Conclusion: HPV infection is associated with HIV acquisition in sub-Saharan African women. In addition to preventing HPV-associated cancers, increasing HPV vaccination coverage could potentially reduce HIV incidence. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology and Social Source Type: research

Trends in hospitalizations and deaths in HIV-infected patients in Spain over two decades
Background: The prognosis of HIV infection dramatically improved after the introduction of triple antiretroviral therapy 25 years ago. Herein, we report the impact of further improvements in HIV management since then, looking at all hospitalizations in persons with HIV (PWH) in Spain. Methods: A retrospective study using the Spanish National Registry of Hospital Discharges. Information was retrieved since 1997–2018. Results: From 79 647 783 nationwide hospital admissions recorded during the study period, 532 668 (0.67%) included HIV as diagnosis. The mean age of PWH hospitalized increased from 3...
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Cardiovascular risk score associations with frailty in men and women with or at risk for HIV
Conclusion: Higher CVD risk was associated with increased frailty regardless of HIV serostatus among men and women. These findings may inform clinical practices of screening for frailty. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Results of a cluster randomized trial testing the systems analysis and improvement approach to increase HIV testing in family planning clinics
Conclusion: SAIA led to a significant increase in HIV testing in family planning clinics in Mombasa. Integrating routine HTC into family planning clinics is a promising strategy to achieve the UNAIDS goal of 95% of people living with HIV being aware of their status. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Coronary artery plaque progression and cardiovascular risk scores in men with and without HIV-infection
We examined the association between baseline risk scores including pooled cohort equation (PCE), Framingham risk score (FRS), and Data collect of Adverse effects of anti-HIV drugs equation (D:A:D) and CAP progression. Results: We studied 495 men (211 HIV-uninfected, 284 HIV-infected). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of total plaque volume (TPV) and noncalcified plaque volume (NCPV) progression in the highest relative to lowest tertile was 9.4 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.4–12.1, P  (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Evaluation of HIV-1 reservoir size and broadly neutralizing antibody susceptibility in acute antiretroviral therapy-treated individuals
Conclusion: Individuals initiating ART during Fiebig I–IV had small viral reservoirs, low viral diversity, and high susceptibility to bNAbs, and would be an optimal target population for proof-of-concept HIV cure trials. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine for HIV-1 suppression: switch to 2-monthly dosing after 5 years of daily oral therapy
Conclusion: CAB+RPV long-acting maintained virologic suppression in participants who had previously received daily oral CAB+RPV for at least 5 years in LATTE, with a favorable safety profile. Most participants preferred CAB+RPV long-acting to their prior oral CAB+RPV regimen at M12. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Week 96 extension results of a Phase 3 study evaluating long-acting cabotegravir with rilpivirine for HIV-1 treatment
Conclusion: In this subgroup of ATLAS, 98% (n = 51/52) of participants at the Extension Phase W 96 analysis maintained virologic suppression with long-acting therapy. Safety, efficacy, and participant preference results support the therapeutic potential of long-acting CAB+RPV treatment for virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research

Association of elevated plasma inflammatory biomarker levels with age-related macular degeneration but not cataract in persons with AIDS
Conclusion: These data suggest that systemic inflammatory biomarkers are associated with incident AMD but not incident cataract in persons with AIDS, and that systemic inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Sexually transmitted infections and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate do not impact protection from simian HIV acquisition by long-acting cabotegravir in macaques
Objective: We had previously shown that long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-LA) injections fully protected macaques from vaginal simian HIV (SHIV) infection. Here, we reassessed CAB-LA efficacy in the presence of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and multiple sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that are known to increase HIV susceptibility in women. Design: Two macaque models of increasing vaginal STI severity were used for efficacy assessment. Methods: The first study (n = 11) used a double STI model that had repeated exposures to two vaginal STI, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis. Six ani...
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

SARS-CoV-2 infection and coronavirus disease 2019 severity in persons with HIV on antiretroviral treatment
The relative susceptibility of people with HIV (PWH) to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is debated. Numerous studies have been published with apparently contradictory findings, but comparisons are difficult because they have been conducted in populations with different characteristics (e.g. age, prevalence comorbidities) and have used different comparison groups (e.g. HIV-negative cohorts, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized patients, general population), and because of challenges to measure the most important confounders. Here, we review the evidence regarding risk and s...
Source: AIDS - January 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EDITORIAL REVIEW Source Type: research

GlycA is associated with neuropsychological impairment in men with HIV
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - December 14, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research

A triple case series of uveitis caused by HIV, syphilis and tuberculosis coinfection
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - December 14, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research