Monitoring socioeconomic inequalities across HIV knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and prevention in 18 sub-Saharan African countries
Conclusion:
Despite efforts to scale-up HIV-prevention programs, socioeconomic inequalities remain substantial over the continuum of HIV primary and secondary prevention in several SSA countries. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Ambient air pollution is associated with vascular disease in Ugandan HIV-positive adolescents
In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between particulate matter, a common proxy indicator for air pollution, and markers of inflammation, monocyte activation, and subclinical vascular disease.
Design:
A cross-sectional study.
Methods:
Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) and HIV-uninfected adolescents between 10 and 18years living near Kampala, Uganda were included. Daily ambient concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) were measured from the Eastern Arica GEOHealth Hub. Outcome variables measured were carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), as well as plasma markers of systemic...
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Strategies to improve HIV care outcomes for people with HIV who are out of care
Conclusion:
Several strategies are effective for improving HIV care outcomes among PWH who are OOC. More work is still needed for consistent definitions of OOC and HIV care outcomes, better reporting of intervention and cost data, and identifying how best to implement and scale-up effective strategies to engage and retain OOC PWH in care and reach the ending the HIV epidemic goals. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Do partner services linked to molecular clusters yield people with viremia or new HIV?
Conclusion:
Partner services that were initiated from index clients in a molecular cluster yielded similar new HIV case finding or identification of those with viremia as did interviews with index clients not in clusters. It remains unclear whether these findings are due to temporal disconnects between diagnoses and cluster identification, unobserved cluster members, or challenges with partner services implementation. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Rapid urine-based screening tests increase the yield of same-day tuberculosis diagnoses among patients living with advanced HIV disease
Objective:
Investigation of the diagnostic yield of urine-based tuberculosis (TB) screening in patients with advanced HIV disease.
Design:
A cross-sectional screening study
Setting:
HIV outpatient clinics and wards at two hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa, between June 2015 and October 2017.
Participants:
Two hundred and one patients living with advanced HIV disease (CD4+ T-lymphocytes (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemics on prevention and care for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections
Objective:
To assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemics on the prevention and care for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections at a major reference centre providing preventive and clinical services in Catalonia, Spain.
Design:
We retrospectively compared anonymized clinical and laboratory data from March to December 2020 vs. 2019.
Methods:
Monthly clinical data on HIV preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis users and on adults with HIV infection were retrieved from the administrative hospital database. Monthly tests for HIV, hepatitis B and C, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria ...
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Aging, trends in CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio, and clinical outcomes with persistent HIV suppression in a dynamic cohort of ambulatory HIV patients
Background:
Age blunts CD4+ lymphocyte cell count/μl (CD4+) improvements observed with antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced viral suppression among people with HIV (PWH). Prolonged viral suppression reduces immune dysregulation, reflected by rising CD4+/CD8+ ratios (CD4+/CD8+). We studied CD4+/CD8+ over time to determine whether it predicts risk for select comorbidities and mortality among aging PWH with viral suppression.
Methods:
We studied HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) participants prescribed ART during 2000–2018 who achieved a viral load less than 200 copies/ml on or after 1 January 2000, and remained vir...
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using noninvasive techniques among children, adolescents, and youths living with HIV
Conclusions:
The prevalence of NAFLD was high (28.9%) among PHIV, and only partially explained by overweight and metabolic syndrome defining factors. The scores based on clinical and analytical parameters did not accurately identify participants at risk. Therefore, liver ultrasound assessment should be considered for the screening of NAFLD among PHIV in routine clinical practice. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
A novel prediction model to evaluate the probability of CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio restoration in HIV-infected individuals
Conclusion:
Our prediction model might be practical and easily applied to recognize HIV/AIDS individuals most likely to benefit from modern antiretroviral therapy. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Brain aging and cardiovascular factors in HIV: a longitudinal volume and shape MRI study
Conclusion:
The study demonstrates a three-hit model of general (as opposed to localized) subcortical injury in PWH: HIV infection associated with smaller volumes of most subcortical structures, HIV infection and aging synergy in the striatum, and cardiovascular-related injury linked to early and more rapid striatal atrophy. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Low hepatitis C virus-viremia prevalence yet continued barriers to direct-acting antiviral treatment in people living with HIV in the Netherlands
Conclusions:
Prevalence of HCV-viremic PWH is low in the Netherlands, coinciding with widespread DAA-uptake. Barriers to DAA-uptake appear mostly patient-related, while HCV-transmission seems unlikely from the few DAA-untreated in care. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Fatigue is associated with worse cognitive and everyday functioning in older persons with HIV
Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are relationships between fatigue, cognition, and everyday functioning in older persons with and without HIV and to examine if associations remain after accounting for depression, anxiety, and sleep quality.
Methods:
Sixty-nine persons with HIV (PWH) and 36 persons without HIV, aged 50–74 years, were recruited from ongoing studies at UC San Diego's HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program and from the community. Participants completed neuropsychological testing, a performance-based measure of everyday functioning, and self-report questionnaires of f...
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Decreased hepatitis B virus vaccine response among HIV-positive infants compared with HIV-negative infants in Botswana
Objectives:
We sought to determine vaccine antibody titres and the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants born to HIV-positive mothers in Botswana.
Design:
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study using 449 archived dried blood spot samples from both HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants collected between 2016 and 2018.
Methods:
We screened dried blood spot samples for HBsAg and determined hepatitis B surface antibody titres. We determined hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes by amplifying 415 base-pairs of the surface region.
Results:
HIV...
Source: AIDS - May 1, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research
Efficacy of sotrovimab for persistent coronavirus disease-2019 in a severely immunocompromised person living with HIV
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - March 25, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Toward demystifying HIV as a risk factor for coronavirus disease 2019 complications
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - March 25, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Editorial Comments Source Type: research
