Contributions of chronic tobacco smoking to HIV-associated brain atrophy and cognitive deficits
Objectives:
Tobacco smoking is linked to cognitive deficits and greater white matter (WM) abnormalities in people with HIV disease (PWH). Whether tobacco smoking additionally contributes to brain atrophy in PWH is unknown and was evaluated in this study.
Design:
We used a 2 × 2 design that included 83 PWH (43 nonsmokers, 40 smokers) and 171 HIV-seronegative (SN, 106 nonsmokers, 65 smokers) participants and assessed their brain structure and cognitive function.
Methods:
Selected subcortical volumes, voxel-wise cortical volumes and thickness, and total WM volume were analyzed using FreeSurfer. Independ...
Source: AIDS - February 24, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Circulating CD4+ TEMRA and CD4+ CD28− T cells and incident diabetes among persons with and without HIV
Conclusions:
Higher frequencies of CD4+ TEMRA and CD4+ CD28− T cells were associated with incident diabetes in PWH only after adjustment for other factors. Additional studies are necessary to assess whether these cells act in blood via inflammatory mediators or reflect T-cell populations in metabolically active tissues. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 24, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE Source Type: research
Distinct antibody profiles in HLA-B∗57+, HLA-B∗57− HIV controllers and chronic progressors
Conclusion:
These results show that HICs display a particular HIV-specific antibody (Ab) profile that may participate in HIV control and emphasize the relevance of multifunctional Ab response analysis in future Ab-driven vaccine studies. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 24, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research
Impaired antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination in advanced HIV infection
Objectives:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is reportedly efficient in people with HIV (PWH) but vaccine trials included participants with normal CD4+ T-cell counts. We analyzed seroconversion rates and antibody titers following two-dose vaccination in PWH with impaired CD4+ T-cell counts.
Methods:
We collected retrospective postvaccination SARS-COV-2 serology results available in a university hospital for PWH vaccinated between March and September, 2021 who were tested for antispike antibodies from 8 to 150 days following dose 2. Antibody titers were compared in PWH with CD4+ T-cell count less t...
Source: AIDS - February 24, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: FAST TRACK Source Type: research
Severe diarrhea by Cystoisospora belli in a well controlled HIV-infected patient
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
Successful treatment of HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with pembrolizumab
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Correspondence Source Type: research
High seroconversion rate after vaccination with mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 among people with HIV – but HIV viremia matters?
Our clinical trial of SARS-COV-2 mRNA vaccine in 90 HIV-infected persons on antiviral treatment demonstrated high seroconversion rate and high levels of spike IgG antibodies after two doses of vaccine. The vaccine was well tolerated and not associated with HIV RNA blips. However, the levels of spike IgG antibodies were lower in HIV patients than in healthy controls, especially among those with HIV RNA more than 50 copies/ml at baseline. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
The persistent disparity in brain health among aging people with HIV
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Editorial Comments Source Type: research
When pandemics collide: measuring the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on people with HIV
No abstract available (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Editorial Comments Source Type: research
The shifting age distribution of people with HIV using antiretroviral therapy in the United States
Objective:
To project the future age distribution of people with HIV using antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the United States, under expected trends in HIV diagnosis and survival (baseline scenario) and achieving the ending the HIV epidemic (EHE) goals of a 75% reduction in HIV diagnoses from 2020 to 2025 and sustaining levels to 2030 (EHE75% scenario).
Design:
An agent-based simulation model with mathematical functions estimated from North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design data and parameters from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's annual HIV surveillance reports.
Meth...
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Failure to restore CD4+ cell count associated with infection-related and noninfection-related cancer
Conclusion:
Current CD4+ cell count and failure to restore CD4+ cell count both associated with infection and noninfection-related cancer. Viral suppression associated with lower risk of infection-related cancer. Early HIV detection and early adherent ART remain essential for cancer prevention. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Comparison of dementia incidence and prevalence between individuals with and without HIV infection in primary care from 2000 to 2016
Objective:
To compare dementia incidence and prevalence after age 50 years by HIV status.
Design:
Observational cohort, 2000–2016.
Methods:
People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and demographically similar people without HIV (PWoH), all aged 50 years and older, were identified from Kaiser Permanente healthcare systems in Northern California, Southern California, and Mid-Atlantic States (Maryland, Virginia, Washington DC). Dementia diagnoses were obtained from electronic health records. Incidence and prevalence of dementia, overall and by time period (i.e. 2000–2002, 2003–2004, …,...
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
The hepatitis C cascade of care in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfected individuals in Europe: regional and intra-regional differences
Conclusion:
In all regions except Eastern Europe, more than 90% of the study participants have been tested for HCV-RNA. In Southern and Central-Western regions, more than 80% ever chronically HCV-infected PWH received treatment. The proportion with cured HCV infection did not exceed 80% in any region, with significant heterogeneity between countries.
Summary:
In a pan-European cohort of PWH, all regions except Eastern Europe achieved the WHO target of diagnosing 90% of chronic HCV infections, while the target of treating 80% of eligible persons was achieved in none of the five regions. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Diagnosis delays in the UK according to pre or postmigration acquisition of HIV
Conclusion:
Acquisition of HIV postmigration is common, particularly among MSM, calling for prevention efforts aimed at migrant communities. Delays in diagnosis reinforce the need for targeted testing initiatives. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SOCIAL Source Type: research
Using computer-assisted content analysis to advance anal dysplasia natural history research
Conclusion:
Computer-aided narrative content analysis of anal cytology results yielded accurate and time-efficient classification into meaningful diagnostic categories that can be used to evaluate screening programs and modeling natural history. (Source: AIDS)
Source: AIDS - February 3, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CLINICAL SCIENCE: CONCISE COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
