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Vaccination Coverage by Age 24 Months Among Children Born in 2019 and 2020 - National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2020-2022
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2023 Nov 3;72(44):1190-1196. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7244a3.ABSTRACTNational Immunization Survey-Child data collected in 2022 were combined with data from previous years to assemble birth cohorts and assess coverage with routine vaccines by age 24 months by birth cohort. Overall, vaccination coverage was similar among children born during 2019-2020 compared with children born during 2017-2018, except that coverage with both the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine and ≥1 dose of hepatitis A vaccine increased. Coverage was generally higher among non-Hispanic White (White) children (2-21 percentage poi...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - November 2, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Holly A Hill David Yankey Laurie D Elam-Evans Michael Chen James A Singleton Source Type: research

Amino acid substitutions in the region between RpoB clusters II and III on rifampin susceptibility in Haemophilus influenzae
ConclusionsOur findings indicate that L672F substitution in the region between RpoB clusters II and III has an aggravating effect on rifampin resistance inH. influenzae. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases)
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases - October 31, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

The microbiology of bronchiectasis in Europe: Data from the European Bronchiectasis Registry (EMBARC)
Conclusion: P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae are the dominant pathogens in bronchiectasis but with marked geographical heterogeneity. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chalmers, J. D., Polverino, E., Crichton, M., Ringshausen, F., De Soyza, A., Vendrell, M., Regis Burgel, P., Haworth, C., Loebinger, M., Dimakou, K., Murris, M., Wilson, R., Hill, A., Menendez, R., Torres, A., Welte, T., Blasi, F., Altenburg, J., Shteinbe Tags: Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research

A cohort series; referral bias and unmet needs in inflammatory bowel disease associated bronchiectasis
Conclusion: IBD-Br patients seen in bronchiectasis clinic are significantly more likely to have ≥3 exacerbations per year, higher BSI, physio referral and chronic colonisation. However, 52% of those IBD-Br cases not referred to Br clinic had positive sputum cultures and 23% had ≥3 exacerbations per year. We should be working closely with IBD services/guidelines to ensure that criteria for referral to Br clinic are followed to maximise patient care. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tindle, G., Mccallion, P., Davison, J., Hester, K., De Soyza, A., De Soyza, T. Tags: Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research

IL36{gamma} reduces macrophage phagocytosis in COPD
Conclusion: Increased levels of IL36 in COPD impair macrophage phagocytosis and activate fibroblasts that further stimulate macrophage inflammatory mediator release. As IL36 is upregulated by viruses, these results may be clinically relevant for acute COPD exacerbations. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Owles, H., Baker, J. R., Fenwick, P., Watson, C. K., Kasmi, K. C., Barnes, P. J., Donnelly, L. E. Tags: Airway cell biology and immunopathology Source Type: research

qPCR and 16S rRNA marker-gene sequencing as endpoints for clinical trials of antimicrobials: iBEST study
Conclusion: Higher density of pathogens, such as PA, was associated with lower community diversity and higher dominance, highlighting that qPCR may be a useful end-point in clinical studies.Supported by EU/EFPIA IMI iABC grant n° 115721 (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tunney, M. M., Einarsson, G. G., Lee, A. J., Alkhatib, A., Carson, J., Marshall, A., Carson, S., Gilpin, D. F., Angyalosi, G., Malaterre, V., Loebinger, M. R., Chalmers, J. D., Blasi, F., Haworth, C. S., Elborn, J. S. Tags: Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research

Preschool wheeze and response to Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine is highly effective against invasive disease, reduces Hib nasopharyngeal carriage and produces a strong immune response in healthy children (1). Persistent bacterial airways infection is a driving factor behind neutrophilic asthma and preschool wheeze (PSW). Evidence suggests there are beneficial effects of Hib vaccination to the development and control of preschool asthma (2).Our aim was to assess the response to primary Hib vaccination in children with PSW. 57 children (20 female) with a median age (range) 3 years (1 – 5) and diagnosis of PSW had Hib antibody co...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Tipton, C., Polychronakis, T. Tags: Paediatric asthma and allergy Source Type: research

Lung function and airway microbiology in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD): cross-sectional analysis from the PROVALF-PCD cohort, a BEAT-PCD Collaboration
Conclusions: Our findings suggest P. aeruginosa but not H. Influenzae or MSSA are associated with worse lung function in PCD, regardless of exacerbation status. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Rubbo, B., Kant, A., Zhang, K., Allegorico, A., Boon, M., Borelli, M., Calogero, C., Carr, S., Constant, C., Castillo Corullon, S., Emiralioglu, N., Harris, A., Karadag, B., Marthin, J., Martinu, V., Morgan, L., Omran, H., Robinson, P., Rovira-Amigo, S., Tags: Paediatric respiratory epidemiology Source Type: research

Changes of QoL-B in bronchiectasis patients undergoing an outpatient intravenous antibiotic therapy; preliminary results from a tertiary European Multicenter Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration (EMBARC) centre.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that OPAT increases most QoL-B scales, especially those addressing the disease's physical impact, arguing for its clinical use. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ghosh, P., Sande, M., Chalmers, J. D., Bossios, A. Tags: Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research

Microbiology in inhaled antibiotic users with bronchiectasis: Data from the European Bronchiectasis Registry (EMBARC)
Conclusion: We observed no evidence of clinically significant emergence of new pathogens in patients receiving long term inhaled antibiotics. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Haworth, C., Polverino, E., Crichton, M., Ringshausen, F., De Soyza, A., Vendrell, M., Regis-Burgel, P., Loebinger, M., Dimakou, K., Menendez, R., Torres, A., Welte, T., Blasi, F., Shteinberg, M., Boersma, W., Elborn, S., Goeminne, P., Aliberti, S., Chalm Tags: Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research

Paediatric non-CF bronchiectasis: a cross-sectional study
Conclusions: Our data shows that paediatric non-CF bronchiectasis is associated with significant burden. It reaffirms the importance of international collaboration on its management to improve patient outcomes. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: VAN KUIJK, H., Ramphul, M. Tags: Paediatric respiratory infection and immun. Source Type: research

Do distinct etiologies cause clinical differences in non-CF bronchiectasis in children?
Conclusion: The study showed that the CA group had lower lung function and wheezing and dyspnea differed between groups. The limitation of the study was that retrospective data collection caused an unequal number of patients among groups. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Akgül Erdal, M., Nayır Büyüksahin, H., Güzelkas, I., Sunman, B., Alboga, D., Avcı, H., Emiralioglu, N., Yalcın, E., Dogru, D., Kiper, N., Özcelik, U. Tags: Paediatric respiratory infection and immun. Source Type: research

Genomics of Haemophilus influenzae strains in a paediatric Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia cohort
Conclusion: Regrowth of identical H. influenzae strains is common despite targeted antibiotic treatment. In hospital cross-infection was rare in our paediatric PCD cohort. These findings need to be confirmed in a larger cohort, e.g. within the network of the Beat-PCD clinical research collaboration. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schmidthaler, K., Gaupmann, R., Diab-El Schahawi, M., Willinger, B., Szepfalusi, Z., Dehlink, E. Tags: Paediatric respiratory infection and immun. Source Type: research

Disease manifestations in siblings with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Conclusion: No significant difference in clinical outcomes was found between siblings with PCD, although some variability was found in individual cases. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gatt, D., Shaw, M., Kritzinger, F., Solomon, M., Dell, S., Ratjen, F. Tags: Paediatric respiratory infection and immun. Source Type: research

Modelling small airways disease at air-liquid-interface with extended NTHi biofilm co-culture: Implications in COPD.
This study began to explore the immunohistological changes occurring including epithelial ciliation (α-tubulin) and mucus secretion (MUC5A/B).NTHi biofilms may drive inflammation of COPD small airways disease and provide novel therapeutic targets. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 27, 2023 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Weeks, J., Spalluto, C. M., Humbert, M. V., Wilkinson, T., Ostridge, K., Staples, K. Tags: Allergy and immunology Source Type: research