Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b Infections in Wild Terrestrial Mammals, United States, 2022
We describe the pathology of natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of Eurasian lineage Goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b in 67 wild terrestrial mammals throughout the United States during April 1‒July 21, 2022. Affected mammals include 50 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 6 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), 4 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 2 bobcats (Lynx rufus), 2 Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), 1 coyote (Canis latrans), 1 fisher (Pekania pennanti), and 1 gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Infected mammals showed primarily neurologic signs. Necrotizing meningoencephalitis, interstitial pn...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Elizabeth J Elsmo Arno W ünschmann Kimberlee B Beckmen Liam E Broughton-Neiswanger Elizabeth L Buckles Jayne Ellis Scott D Fitzgerald Robert Gerlach Shawna Hawkins Hon S Ip Julia S Lankton Erin M Lemley Julianna B Lenoch Mary L Killian Kristina Lantz Lin Source Type: research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) from Wild Birds, Poultry, and Mammals, Peru
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Dec;29(12):2572-2576. doi: 10.3201/eid2912.230505.ABSTRACTWe identified highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds, poultry, and a lion in Peru during November 2022-February 2023 and markers associated with transmission adaptation and antiviral drug resistance. Continuous genomic surveillance is needed to inform public health measures and avoid mass animal deaths.PMID:37987605 | DOI:10.3201/eid2912.230505 (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Cristopher D Cruz M Eliana Icochea Victoria Espejo Gilda Troncos Gina R Castro-Sanguinetti Megan A Schilling Yeny Tinoco Source Type: research
Neurotropic Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Red Foxes, Northern Germany
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Dec;29(12):2509-2512. doi: 10.3201/eid2912.230938.ABSTRACTIn a 1-year survey of wild terrestrial predators in northern Germany, we found that 5 of 110 foxes were infected with contemporary avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses, forming a temporal cluster during January‒March 2023. Encephalitis and strong cerebral virus replication but only sporadic mammalian-adaptive viral polymerase basic 2 protein E627K mutations were seen.PMID:37987587 | PMC:PMC10683810 | DOI:10.3201/eid2912.230938 (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Christine Baechlein Sven Kleinschmidt Dorothee Hartmann Patricia Kammeyer Anne W öhlke Tobias Warmann Louise Herms Bianca K ühl Andreas Beineke Peter Wohlsein Timm Harder Martin Runge Source Type: research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Clade 2.3.4.4b Infections in Wild Terrestrial Mammals, United States, 2022
We describe the pathology of natural infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of Eurasian lineage Goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b in 67 wild terrestrial mammals throughout the United States during April 1‒July 21, 2022. Affected mammals include 50 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), 6 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis), 4 raccoons (Procyon lotor), 2 bobcats (Lynx rufus), 2 Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), 1 coyote (Canis latrans), 1 fisher (Pekania pennanti), and 1 gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Infected mammals showed primarily neurologic signs. Necrotizing meningoencephalitis, interstitial pn...
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Elizabeth J Elsmo Arno W ünschmann Kimberlee B Beckmen Liam E Broughton-Neiswanger Elizabeth L Buckles Jayne Ellis Scott D Fitzgerald Robert Gerlach Shawna Hawkins Hon S Ip Julia S Lankton Erin M Lemley Julianna B Lenoch Mary L Killian Kristina Lantz Lin Source Type: research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) from Wild Birds, Poultry, and Mammals, Peru
Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Dec;29(12):2572-2576. doi: 10.3201/eid2912.230505.ABSTRACTWe identified highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b in wild birds, poultry, and a lion in Peru during November 2022-February 2023 and markers associated with transmission adaptation and antiviral drug resistance. Continuous genomic surveillance is needed to inform public health measures and avoid mass animal deaths.PMID:37987605 | PMC:PMC10683826 | DOI:10.3201/eid2912.230505 (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Cristopher D Cruz M Eliana Icochea Victoria Espejo Gilda Troncos Gina R Castro-Sanguinetti Megan A Schilling Yeny Tinoco Source Type: research
Enhancement of mucosal innate and adaptive immunity following intranasal immunization of mice with a bovine adenoviral vector
ConclusionThese results demonstrate that the BAdV vectors induce enhanced innate and adaptive immunity-related factors compared to HAdV vectors in mice. Thus, the BAdV vector platform could be an excellent gene delivery system for recombinant vaccines and cancer immunotherapy. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - November 21, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 2273: Pathogenicity in Chickens and Turkeys of a 2021 United States H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b Wild Bird Virus Compared to Two Previous H5N8 Clade 2.3.4.4 Viruses
wayne
David L. Suarez
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of subtype H5 of the Gs/GD/96 lineage remain a major threat to poultry due to endemicity in wild birds. H5N1 HPAIVs from this lineage were detected in 2021 in the United States (U.S.) and since then have infected many wild and domestic birds. We evaluated the pathobiology of an early U.S. H5N1 HPAIV (clade 2.3.4.4b, 2021) and two H5N8 HPAIVs from previous outbreaks in the U.S. (clade 2.3.4.4c, 2014) and Europe (clade 2.3.4.4b, 2016) in chickens and turkeys. Differences in clinical signs, mean death times (MDTs), and virus transmissibility were f...
Source: Viruses - November 18, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Mary J. Pantin-Jackwood Erica Spackman Christina Leyson Sungsu Youk Scott A. Lee Linda M. Moon Mia K. Torchetti Mary L. Killian Julianna B. Lenoch Darrell R. Kapczynski David E. Swayne David L. Suarez Tags: Article Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 2274: Challenges for Precise Subtyping and Sequencing of a H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Isolated in Japan in the 2022 & ndash;2023 Season Using Classical Serological and Molecular Methods
Viruses, Vol. 15, Pages 2274: Challenges for Precise Subtyping and Sequencing of a H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Isolated in Japan in the 2022–2023 Season Using Classical Serological and Molecular Methods
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v15112274
Authors:
James G. Komu
Hiep Dinh Nguyen
Yohei Takeda
Shinya Fukumoto
Kunitoshi Imai
Hitoshi Takemae
Tetsuya Mizutani
Haruko Ogawa
The continuous evolution of H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is a major concern for accurate diagnosis. We encountered some challenges in subtyping and sequencing a recently isola...
Source: Viruses - November 18, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: James G. Komu Hiep Dinh Nguyen Yohei Takeda Shinya Fukumoto Kunitoshi Imai Hitoshi Takemae Tetsuya Mizutani Haruko Ogawa Tags: Article Source Type: research
Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska
Virology. 2023 Nov 10;589:109938. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109938. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild waterfowl inhabiting western Alaska during September-October 2022 using a molecular sequencing pipeline applied to RNA extracts derived directly from original swab samples. Genomic characterization of 10 H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses detected with high confidence provided evidence for three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our results highlight the utility and some potential limits of applying molecular p...
Source: Virology - November 17, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Andrew M Ramey Laura C Scott Christina A Ahlstrom Evan J Buck Alison R Williams Mia Kim Torchetti David E Stallknecht Rebecca L Poulson Source Type: research
Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild birds provides evidence for three independent introductions into Alaska
Virology. 2023 Nov 10;589:109938. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109938. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among hunter-harvested wild waterfowl inhabiting western Alaska during September-October 2022 using a molecular sequencing pipeline applied to RNA extracts derived directly from original swab samples. Genomic characterization of 10 H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses detected with high confidence provided evidence for three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our results highlight the utility and some potential limits of applying molecular p...
Source: Virology - November 17, 2023 Category: Virology Authors: Andrew M Ramey Laura C Scott Christina A Ahlstrom Evan J Buck Alison R Williams Mia Kim Torchetti David E Stallknecht Rebecca L Poulson Source Type: research
House approves ban on gain-of-function pathogen research
In a move that has rattled some in the biomedical research community, the U.S. House of Representatives last night approved a ban on federal funding for “gain-of-function” research that modifies risky pathogens in ways that can make them more harmful to people. Scientific groups say the vaguely worded provision could unintentionally halt a large swath of studies, from flu vaccine development to work on cold viruses. But they are hopeful that the Democratic-controlled Senate will not allow the measure to become law.
Sponsored by Representatives Thomas Massie (R–KY) and Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R–IA), the ban ...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - November 15, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Spillover of an endemic avian Influenza H6N2 chicken lineage to ostriches and reassortment with clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity viruses in chickens
AbstractPrior to 2017, chicken production in South Africa had only ever been affected by an endemic strain of H6N2 low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), but since 2017, an outbreak of Goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) introduced by wild birds, followed by clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 HPAI (2021-present), affected the country. In the present study, the viruses from seven cases of H6N2 LPAI from commercial poultry between October 2019 and August 2020 were genome-sequenced along with an H5N2 HPAI virus, and phylogenetic analysis was performed. The H5N2 HPAI virus caused localized outbreaks ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 15, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) from Wild Birds, Poultry, and Mammals, Peru
C. D. Cruz et al. (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal - November 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
A murine monoclonal antibody against H5N1 avian influenza virus cross-reacts with human kidney cortex cells
Arch Microbiol. 2023 Nov 7;205(12):373. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03693-8.ABSTRACTTo investigate the biological characteristics of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against avian influenza virus (AIV) and the possible mechanism of AIV-related kidney injury. BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated H5N1 AIV to prepare monoclonal antibody H5-32, and its subtype, titer and cross-reactivity with other influenza viruses were identified. The reactivity of monoclonal antibody with normal human tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning technique were used to detect the binding sites be...
Source: Archives of Microbiology - November 7, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Haixiang Zhang Jingying Sun Yangmeng Feng Jingli Li Nana Wang Xiangrong Zhao Yan Li Jun Hu Lijun Sun Cuixiang Xu Source Type: research
A murine monoclonal antibody against H5N1 avian influenza virus cross-reacts with human kidney cortex cells
Arch Microbiol. 2023 Nov 7;205(12):373. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03693-8.ABSTRACTTo investigate the biological characteristics of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against avian influenza virus (AIV) and the possible mechanism of AIV-related kidney injury. BALB/c mice were immunized with inactivated H5N1 AIV to prepare monoclonal antibody H5-32, and its subtype, titer and cross-reactivity with other influenza viruses were identified. The reactivity of monoclonal antibody with normal human tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning technique were used to detect the binding sites be...
Source: Archives of Microbiology - November 7, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Haixiang Zhang Jingying Sun Yangmeng Feng Jingli Li Nana Wang Xiangrong Zhao Yan Li Jun Hu Lijun Sun Cuixiang Xu Source Type: research
