A combination of biomarkers for predicting stallion sperm fertility
AbstractEquine breeding would benefit greatly from reliable biomarkers of stallion or ejaculate fertility. The aim of the study was to investigate how several in vitro sperm characteristics correlate with fertility after artificial insemination, to explore the potential to build a fertility prediction model for stallions. Cooled insemination doses (3 –5 per stallion) were obtained from various studs. Sperm membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, chromatin integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production were evaluated by flow cytometry 24–30 h after semen collection, and sperm motili...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 23, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Clinico-haematobiochemical and cardiac alterations in Trypanosoma evansi infected buffaloes of Andhra Pradesh, India
AbstractThe present research aimed to document the incidence, clinical signs, haematological, and serum biochemical alterations, as well as electrocardiography and echocardiography findings in 62 buffaloes (selected from a total of 240) infected withTrypanosoma evansi. The study spanned one year, from January 2022 to December 2022. Morphological identification ofTrypanosoma evansi was done by the presence of a centrally positioned nucleus with a small sub-terminal kinetoplast at the posterior position through microscopic examination of Giemsa stained peripheral blood smears. The incidence of trypanosomosis were determined ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 23, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Sheep abortions associated with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infections in multiple flocks from Southern Brazil
This study verified the occurrence of these diseases in sheep fetuses from Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil from 2015 to 2022. Sheep fetuses were necropsied with organ sampling for histopathology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) forNeospora caninum andToxoplasma gondii using the Nc5 and SAG2 targets, respectively, in frozen brain tissue. Microbiological culture and RT-PCR forPestivirus were conducted to discard other abortion causes. One positive fetus for toxoplasmosis was genotyped using multiplex multilocus nested PCR-RFLP (Mn-PCR-RFLP) with ten genetic markers. Fifty-five sheep fetuses were evaluated, with 10 ...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 23, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Molecular investigation and genetic characterization of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northern Italy
In this study, a quantitative SYBR Green Real-Time PCR (qPCR) assay was used to detect FeLV proviral DNA in blood samples from antigen positive cats referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Northern Italy in 2018 –2021. To genetically characterize the identified viruses, a portion of the viral envelope (env) gene was amplified using six different end-point PCRs and sequenced. Twenty-two of 26 (84.6%) cats included in the study tested positive by qPCR assay. This suggests a high performance of the qPCR adopted but further studies are required to investigate the cause of discordant results between the antigen test and...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Mitigating antimicrobial resistance, an approach to stewardship in canine urinary tract infection
AbstractUrinary tract infection (UTI) caused by antimicrobial resistant bacteria is common in dogs leading to serious health impact in pet animal as well as on human health. Understanding the prevalent uropathogens and their drug susceptibility is essential for limiting the antimicrobial resistance through implementation of stewardship policies. In view of this, present study was envisaged to determine the prevalent bacterial uropathogens and their antibiogram from clinical cases of canine UTI. Urine samples were collected from 35 dogs presented with clinical signs of UTI and a total of 27 bacterial isolates were recovered...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Current status of Nosema spp. infection cases in apis mellifera in eurasian countries and Ptp3 gene haplotypes in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
This study expands the data regarding existing haplotypes ofNosema species: there are currently 9 shared and 56 uniquePtp3 nucleotide sequence haplotypes ofN. ceranae, and 2 shared and 7 unique haplotypes ofN. apis, respectively. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 22, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Changes in surfactant protein A and D in ovine ovaries related to follicle development
AbstractSurfactant protein A (SP-A) and Surfactant protein D (SP-D) glycoproteins play a crucial role in maintaining lung homeostasis and lung host defense. Interestingly, these proteins are also expressed in extra-pulmonary tissues, including the female genital tract. The ovarian tissue, where SP-A and SP-D expression increases with follicular development, may serve as the primary site of defense for this tissue. However, their functions in these tissues are not well understood and are currently an active area of research. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the expression of SP-A and SP-D in the ovin...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 18, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Correlation between erythrocyte parameters and iron status in cyclic Spanish Purebred mares
AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the serum iron status and its relation to hematological indexes in cyclic mares. Blood samples were taken from 40 Spanish Purebred mares on days − 5, 0, + 5 and + 16 of their cycle. Concentration of transferrin (TRF) was significantly lower on day 0 than on days + 5 and + 16, transferrin saturation (TSAT) decreased significantly on days 0 and + 16 compared to day − 5, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) on day + 16 was significantly higher than those on days − 5 and 0, and on day + 5 it was also significantly higher than that on day 0, unsaturated...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 18, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Pathological findings in South American camelids presented at a farm animal clinic in Northern Germany (2005 –2021)
This study provides an overview of common pathologies in South American camelids in Germany and thus may help to recognise different disease symptoms at an early stage. (Source: Veterinary Research Communications)
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 17, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
The vehicle of administration, feed or water, and prandial state influence the oral bioavailability of amoxicillin in piglets
AbstractFeed and water components may interact with drugs and affect their dissolution and bioavailability. The impact of the vehicle of administration (feed and water) and the prandial condition of weaner piglets on amoxicillin ´s oral bioavailability was evaluated. First, amoxicillin’s in vitro dissolution and stability in purified, soft, and hard water, as well as release kinetics from feed in simulated gastric and intestinal media were assessed. Then, pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were determined in fasted and fed pigs using soft water, hard water, or feed as vehicles of administration following a b...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 17, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
A case report of acute claudication due to vena cava thromboembolism in a dog naturally infected with Leishmania Infantum
AbstractCanine leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease caused byLeishmania infantum, and clinical manifestations of infection range from absent or severe to fatal and result from immune-mediated mechanisms. In dogs, the most common clinical signs of leishmaniosis include skin lesions and lymphadenomegaly. However, the presence of other nontypical signs has been described, and diagnosing these cases can be challenging. The aim of the present short communication was to describe the impact of the formation of circulating immunocomplexes due toL. infantum in a dog with leishmaniosis affected by a massive venous thrombus of the...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 17, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Estrogen receptors alpha and beta expression in different canine cancer types with an emphasis on hematopoietic malignancies
AbstractEstrogen receptors (ERs) are located in both healthy and neoplastic tissues. The type of estrogen receptor expressed varies depending on its location, tumor type, and species. Estrogen action is mediated by binding to ER and activating the transcriptional and signaling processes that result in the control of gene expression. There are two main types of estrogen receptors: ER alpha (ER α) and ER beta (ERβ). Both receptors are functionally different, they may act antagonistically and are distributed in different tissues but their structure is similar – as they are composed of 5 different domains: A/B, C, D, E, an...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 10, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Time, temperature and media: the three keys to improve the recovery of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis from preputial bull samples
AbstractThe isolation ofCampylobacter fetus subsp.venerealis (Cfv) from clinical samples is the gold standard for confirming cases of bovine genital campylobacteriosis, an important cause of infertility in cattle and a potential public health concern. Furthermore, isolation is also necessary for the development of autologous vaccines, characterization of strains for antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, etc. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of culture methods is usually low, and there is no standardized protocol to maximize the recovery of Cfv from clinical samples. The aim of the current study is to design a protocol for th...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 10, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant in dogs visiting veterinary clinics during the third pandemic peak in Eastern Colombia
AbstractThe global presence of SARS-CoV-2 in household pets is acknowledged, yet documentation remains scarce, leaving many regions unexplored. Thus, our study sought to fill this gap by investigating SARS-CoV-2 presence in dogs visiting veterinary clinics during the third pandemic peak in eastern Colombia. We collected and analyzed 43 oropharyngeal and rectal swabs using real-time PCR assays targeting the Envelope Gene of SARS-CoV-2. Out of these, two dogs tested positive, indicating an infection rate of 4.7%. Further examination through complete sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed the lineage B.1.621 for the SA...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 10, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
Molecular epidemiology of anaplasmosis in Indian dromedary camels
AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology, risk factors, and haemato-biochemical changes in anaplasmosis in Indian dromedary camels. Blood samples collected from 103 camels were analysed using blood smear examination and semi-nested PCR based on the 16s rRNA gene to diagnose anaplasmosis. The prevalence of anaplasmosis was estimated to be 42.72% (95% CI: 33.59 –52.37) by PCR assay and 16.5% (95% CI: 10.47–24.95%) by blood smear examination. Phylogenetic analysis of six partial sequences of 16s rRNA gene obtained in the present study indicated the involvement of multipleAnaplasma species,...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - April 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research
