Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Stability of enteroviruses on toys commonly found in kindergarten
Trop Biomed. 2023 Dec 1;40(4):478-485. doi: 10.47665/tb.40.4.014.ABSTRACTHand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious childhood disease caused by enteroviruses including enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) and CV-A16 transmitted via direct and indirect contact. Different types of toy surfaces can affect the stability of viruses. Understanding the stability of enteroviruses on toys provides insightful data for effective disinfection in kindergartens or homes. Porous (ethylene-vinyl acetate mat foam, paper, pinewood, polyester fabric, and squishy polyurethane foam) and non-porous (acrylonitrile butadi...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - February 3, 2024 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S N A N Baharin S L Tan I C Sam Y F Chan Source Type: research
Surveillance for Acute Flaccid Myelitis - United States, 2018-2022
This report examines trends in confirmed AFM cases during 2018-2022 and patients' clinical and laboratory characteristics. The number of AFM cases was low during 2019-2022 (28-47 cases per year); the number of cases remained low in 2022 despite evidence of increased EV-D68 circulation in the United States. Compared with cases during the most recent peak year (2018), fewer cases during 2019-2021 had upper limb involvement, prodromal respiratory or febrile illness, or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis, and more were associated with lower limb involvement. It is unclear why EV-D68 circulation in 2022 was not associated with an ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - February 1, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Erin R Whitehouse Adriana Lopez Randall English Halle Getachew Terry Fei Fan Ng Brian Emery Shannon Rogers Sarah Kidd Source Type: research
Aetiology and Prognosis of Encephalitis in Korean Children: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study, 2005-2020
CONCLUSION: This large-scale study showed that autoimmune and infectious causes accounted for a significant proportion of encephalitis in Korean children. Further studies are needed to determine whether early targeted treatment following early diagnosis leads to a favourable prognosis in these populations.PMID:38288648 | PMC:PMC10827636 | DOI:10.3349/ymj.2023.0250 (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - January 30, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ahra Kim Minyoung Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Se Hee Kim Ji-Man Kang Jong Gyun Ahn Hoon-Chul Kang Source Type: research
Aetiology and Prognosis of Encephalitis in Korean Children: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study, 2005-2020
CONCLUSION: This large-scale study showed that autoimmune and infectious causes accounted for a significant proportion of encephalitis in Korean children. Further studies are needed to determine whether early targeted treatment following early diagnosis leads to a favourable prognosis in these populations.PMID:38288648 | PMC:PMC10827636 | DOI:10.3349/ymj.2023.0250 (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - January 30, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ahra Kim Minyoung Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Se Hee Kim Ji-Man Kang Jong Gyun Ahn Hoon-Chul Kang Source Type: research
Aetiology and Prognosis of Encephalitis in Korean Children: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study, 2005-2020
CONCLUSION: This large-scale study showed that autoimmune and infectious causes accounted for a significant proportion of encephalitis in Korean children. Further studies are needed to determine whether early targeted treatment following early diagnosis leads to a favourable prognosis in these populations.PMID:38288648 | PMC:PMC10827636 | DOI:10.3349/ymj.2023.0250 (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - January 30, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ahra Kim Minyoung Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Se Hee Kim Ji-Man Kang Jong Gyun Ahn Hoon-Chul Kang Source Type: research
Aetiology and Prognosis of Encephalitis in Korean Children: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study, 2005-2020
CONCLUSION: This large-scale study showed that autoimmune and infectious causes accounted for a significant proportion of encephalitis in Korean children. Further studies are needed to determine whether early targeted treatment following early diagnosis leads to a favourable prognosis in these populations.PMID:38288648 | PMC:PMC10827636 | DOI:10.3349/ymj.2023.0250 (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - January 30, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ahra Kim Minyoung Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Se Hee Kim Ji-Man Kang Jong Gyun Ahn Hoon-Chul Kang Source Type: research
Aetiology and Prognosis of Encephalitis in Korean Children: A Retrospective Single-Centre Study, 2005-2020
CONCLUSION: This large-scale study showed that autoimmune and infectious causes accounted for a significant proportion of encephalitis in Korean children. Further studies are needed to determine whether early targeted treatment following early diagnosis leads to a favourable prognosis in these populations.PMID:38288648 | PMC:PMC10827636 | DOI:10.3349/ymj.2023.0250 (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - January 30, 2024 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Ahra Kim Minyoung Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Se Hee Kim Ji-Man Kang Jong Gyun Ahn Hoon-Chul Kang Source Type: research
