Detection and factors associated with tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance among presumptive patients at the Thailand-Myanmar border
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):483-488. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.001.ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health problem in Thailand and many countries. Endemic TB and outbreaks of TB drug resistance in the borderlands are particularly important. The Thailand-Myanmar border has extensive cross-border travel that may accelerate TB's spread. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the frequency and factors associated with TB, and rifampicinresistant TB (RR-TB) among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Mae Sot Hospital. Sputum was processed by microscopic examination and Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Laboratory ...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: W Klayut J Rudeeaneksin S Srisungngam S Bunchoo P Bhakdeenuan B Phetsuksiri T Wongchai N Chuenchom Source Type: research
Identification of microbial agents in culture-negative brain abscess samples by 16S/18S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):489-498. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.002.ABSTRACTDespite clinical suspicion of an infection, brain abscess samples are often culture-negative in routine microbiological testing. Direct PCR of such samples enables the identification of microbes that may be fastidious, non-viable, or unculturable. Brain abscess samples (n = 217) from neurosurgical patients were subjected to broad range 16S rRNA gene PCR and sequencing for bacteria. All these samples and seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) samples were subjected to species-specific 18S rRNA PCR for neurotropic free-living amoeba that h...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: D V John B Aryalakshmi H Deora M Purushottam R Raju A Mahadevan M B Rao S A Patil Source Type: research
Lactic acid bacteria waste infusion as a source of attraction and oviposition stimulation of gravid female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes
In this study, the LAB waste infusion was substantially more alluring to Ae. albopictus mosquitoes than the two controls grass hay infusion and tap water.PMID:36602207 | DOI:10.47665/tb.39.4.004 (Source: Tropical Biomedicine)
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: M M Suria P C Yap V L Lov S AbuBakar H Y Lee Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of secreted protein with an altered thrombospondin repeat (SPATR) of Plasmodium knowlesi clinical isolates from Malaysia
This study investigates the genetic diversity and natural selection of PkSPATR gene of P. knowlesi clinical isolates from Malaysia. PCR amplification of the full length PkSPATR gene was performed on 60 blood samples of infected P. knowlesi patients from Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. The amplified PCR products were cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of PkSPATR from Malaysia showed higher nucleotide diversity (CDS p: 0.01462) than previously reported Plasmodium vivax PvSPATR (p = 0.0003). PkSPATR from Peninsular Malaysia was observed to have slightly higher diversity (CDS p: 0.01307) than those from Malaysia...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: U W Azlan Y L Lau M H A Hamid J Jelip C H Ooi R N Mudin J J Jaimin M Y Fong Source Type: research
Efficacy of pentamidine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system for Leishmania tropica
In conclusion, PTN-CNPs effectively inhibited both forms of the L. tropica; however, its effect was more salient on promastigotes. This data indicates that the PTN-CNPs act as a target drug delivery system. However, further research is needed to support its efficacy in animal and human CL.PMID:36602209 | DOI:10.47665/tb.39.4.003 (Source: Tropical Biomedicine)
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: R U Khan M Khan A Sohail R Ullah A Iqbal B Ahmad I U Khan A Tariq M Ahmad A Said S Ullah A Ali M U Rahman A Zaman H Bilal Source Type: research
Development of a TaqMan minor groove binding probe-based quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection and quantification of Zika virus
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):518-523. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.005.ABSTRACTZika virus (ZIKV) infection has emerged as a global health concern following epidemic outbreaks of severe neurological disorders reported in Pacific and Americas since 2016. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic test for ZIKV infection is critical for the appropriate patient management and the control of disease spread. A TaqMan minor groove binding (MGB) probe-based quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was developed based on the conserved sequence regions of 463 ZIKV NS2B genes. The designed ZIK...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: K L Chin B T Teoh S S Sam S K Loong K K Tan N S Azizan Y K Lim C S Khor S S Nor'e J Abd-Jamil S AbuBakar Source Type: research
First molecular report of Babesia gibsoni infection in pet dogs in Hunan province, subtropical China
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):524-530. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.007.ABSTRACTCanine babesiosis caused by Babesia spp. is a noteworthy tick-borne zoonotic disease of domestic dogs and wild canids. In present study, a total of 556 blood samples were randomly collected from pet dogs in eight cities of Hunan province, subtropical China. Genomic DNA was extracted and Babesia DNA was detected by amplification of partial 18S rRNA gene sequences. A total of 56 (10.1%) blood samples were tested positive for Babesia species. Sequence analysis showed that 29 dogs (5.2%) were positive for B. gibsoni, and other 27 dogs for B. vogeli (4.9%)...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S G Tan P Y Xu Source Type: research
Phytochemical composition of almond oil from Melia azedarach L. and its larvicidal, ovicidal, repellent and enzyme activities in Culex pipiens L
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):531-538. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.008.ABSTRACTMelia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) is a botanical species with focal point of global research for its biological properties. The Melia azedarach tree is distinguished by its rapid growth, its adaptation to different temperate zones, as well as its insecticidal properties. All this made us think of exploiting it in biological control against different stages of mosquitoes. To this end, we aim, through the present work, to evaluate the effectiveness of Melia azedarach extracts against Culex pipiens mosquito. More specifically, our study focuses on determini...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: R Khaldi N Rehimi R Kharoubi N Soltani Source Type: research
Intestinal parasitic infections and risk factors among the population in Cambodia
In conclusion, the IPIs were highly prevalent, especially O. viverrini and hookworm infections, among the population in Cambodia. These IPIs impact the public health burden but can be prevented by education regarding good sanitary practices in this community.PMID:36602213 | DOI:10.47665/tb.39.4.009 (Source: Tropical Biomedicine)
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: N La M Leng K Rattanapitoon P Pechdee A Boonsuya P Arunsan S K Rattanapitoon Source Type: research
Effects of artemisinin and hydroxychloroquine on cytokines in experimental sepsis
In this study, we intended to investigate the effects of artemisinin and hydroxychloroquine on the cytokines released during sepsis in the rat model. Twenty-four rats were randomized into four groups. The control group received oral saline, the sepsis group received oral saline and intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide toxin (LPS), the artemisinin-treated sepsis group received oral 33.33 mg/kg of artemisinin, and the hydroxychloroquinetreated sepsis group received oral 33.33 mg/kg of hydroxychloroquine before LPS injection. Three hours later, serum cytokines were measured. An increase was detected in TNF-a, IL-1, and IL-6 lev...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: M B üyükcavlak I Duman O D Eryavuz A Ünlü A Duman Source Type: research
Steroids from Diplazium esculentum: Antiplasmodial activity and molecular docking studies to investigate their binding modes
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):552-558. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.011.ABSTRACTDiplazium esculentum is an edible fern commonly consumed by the local community in Malaysia either as food or medicine. Isolation work on the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of D. esculentum resulted in the purification of two steroids, subsequently identified as stigmasterol (compound 1) and ergosterol5,8-endoperoxide (compound 2). Upon further testing, compound 2 displayed strong inhibitory activity against the Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) strain, with an IC50 of 4.27±1.15 µM, while compound 1 was inactive. In silico data re...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: H F Safar A H Ali N H Zakaria N Kamal N I Hassan H K Agustar N Talip J Latip Source Type: research
Interplay between TGF-b1 and miRNA-122 biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C
In this study, 100 people were included and split into two groups; group I: CHC patients without HCC that were classified into patients CHC without cirrhosis and CHC cirrhotic patients, group II: CHC patients with HCC, and healthy volunteers as control. The expression of miRNA-122 and TGF-b1 genes were analyzed using Real-Time PCR. An upregulation of miRNA-122 gene in cirrhotic and HCC patients compared to both chronic HCV non-cirrhotic, and cirrhotic patients, while, a decrease in expression of TGF-b1 was found in cirrhotic patients compared to HCV non-cirrhotic patients. Although significantly downregulated in HCC patien...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: R S Hamad N K Al Abdulsalam M A Elrefaiy R E El-Araby Source Type: research
Detection of pathogenic Vibrio species and antibiogram activity in Asian Seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Tumpat, Kelantan
This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Vibrio spp. isolated from seabass (Lates calcarifer) in Sri Tujuh Lagoon, Tumpat, Kelantan. Then, to determine the antibiotic resistance in Vibrio isolates. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Vibrio species using specific primer VR169 and VR744 with estimation base pair size band, 597 bp and further identified by sequencing. On the other hand, antibiotic susceptibility tests were continued by using 13 types of antibiotics; kanamycin (K30), chloramphenicol (C30), neomycin (N10), ampicillin (AMP10), nitrofurantoin (F300), tetracycline (TE30), streptomy...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: A M Z Auzureen M S Michael M Mohamed T L Peng F Fauzi N F A Mohamad N S Ahmad C W Z C W Salma R H Hamdan Source Type: research
Unusual co-infection of severe malaria by Plasmodium vivax and dengue virus in Mexico
We present a case of severe malaria and dengue coinfection in a 16-yearold female patient presenting with fever, thrombocytopenia, pleural effusion, myopericarditis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Dengue infection was confirmed by the presence of immunoglobin M antibodies and nonstructural protein 1, while malaria was confirmed by the presence of Plasmodium vivax in thick and thin blood smears. This is the first report of a dengue/malaria coinfection in Mexico.PMID:36602218 | DOI:10.47665/tb.39.4.014 (Source: Tropical Biomedicine)
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: N M Queb-Pech L A N úñez-Oreza A Estrada-M éndez P Tamay-Segovia J P Coll í-Heredia S C Blum-Dom ínguez Source Type: research
Identification of Newcastle Disease Virus sub-genotype VII 1.1 isolated from chickens in Sabah, Malaysia
Trop Biomed. 2022 Dec 1;39(4):579-586. doi: 10.47665/tb.39.4.015.ABSTRACTNewcastle disease (ND) is an extremely contagious and fatal viral disease causing huge economic losses to the poultry industry. Following recent ND outbreaks in Sabah in commercial poultry and backyard farms, it was speculated that this could be due to a new introduction of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) genotype/sub-genotype. Here we report the genetic characterization of NDVs isolated from Sabah during early 2021. All isolates were amplified and sequenced with primers specific to the viral fusion (F) gene using reverse transcription-polymerase chain ...
Source: Tropical Biomedicine - January 5, 2023 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S Syamsiah Aini B L Leow M Y Faizul Fikri S Muhammad Redzwan M S Faizah Hanim Source Type: research
