A23: Favorable Response to Belimumab in Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Conclusion:This is the first study investigating the use of belimumab in childhood‐onset SLE across major ethnic groups. Our data demonstrate favorable clinical outcomes including the discontinuation of steroids in 3/7 (43%) of our patients, and improvement in C3 and C4 as early as 3 months after the initiation of belimumab, suggesting a quicker onset of action for belimumab in children than that observed in adult studies, which may support a larger role for belimumab in childhood‐onset SLE. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism)
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - March 27, 2014 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Joyce S Hui‐Yuen, Liza Mariel Bermudez‐Santiago, Josephine Isgro, Andrew H. Eichenfield, Amy J. Starr, Lisa F. Imundo, Anca Askanase Tags: Poster Presentations Source Type: research
The postantifungal effect and phospholipase production of oral Candida albicans from smokers, diabetics, asthmatics, denture wearers and healthy individuals following brief exposure to subtherapeutic concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate
Summary
Candida albicans is the major aetiological agent of oral candidosis and one of its important virulent factors is the production of extracellular phospholipases, which can be modulated by subtherapeutic concentrations of antifungal agents thus decreasing their pathogenicity. Hence, considering that chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) is a common antimicrobial mouthwash used in dentistry and that its concentration in the mouth reaches subtherapeutic levels during dosage intervals due to the diluent effect of saliva and cleansing effect of the oral musculature, the postantifungal effect (PAFE) and the phospholipase productio...
Source: Mycoses - March 21, 2014 Category: Research Authors: Arjuna N. B. Ellepola, Bobby K. Joseph, Z. U. Khan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Mucoadhesive Propolis Gel For Prevention Of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis.
The objective of this phase II study was to determine the effectiveness of a mucoadhesive propolis gel in the prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis. Twenty-four patients who were selected to undergo radiation therapy for oral cancer were included in this open-label trial. They were advised to use a mucoadhesive gel containing propolis 5,0% w/v three times a day starting one day before the course of radiation therapy and concluding after 2 weeks of radiation therapy. A weekly follow-up for evaluation of food intake, pain and grading of mucositis was performed. In order to confirm the absence of Candida-related muco...
Source: Current Clinical Pharmacology - February 5, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Augusto Souza Noronha VR, Araujo GS, Gomes RT, Iwanaga SH, Barbosa MC, Abdo EN, Ferreira E Ferreira E, Vieira Campos AC, Souza AA, Santos VR Tags: Curr Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research
Addition to inhaled corticosteroids of long-acting beta2-agonists versus anti-leukotrienes for chronic asthma.
CONCLUSIONS: In adults with asthma that is inadequately controlled by predominantly low-dose ICS with significant bronchodilator reversibility, the addition of LABA to ICS is modestly superior to the addition of LTRA in reducing oral corticosteroid-treated exacerbations, with an absolute reduction of two percentage points. Differences favouring LABA over LTRA as adjunct therapy were observed in lung function and, to a lesser extend, in rescue medication use, symptoms and quality of life. The lower overall withdrawal rate and the higher proportion of participants satisfied with their therapy indirectly favour the combinatio...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 24, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chauhan BF, Ducharme FM Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Efficiency at the Resident's Level of the NABUCCOD Nutrition and Oral Health Care Training Program in Nursing Homes
Conclusions: Training program improved staff knowledge with positive results at the level of residents but no significant changes were seen within NH policies. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association)
Source: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association - January 6, 2014 Category: Health Management Authors: Philippe Poisson, Pascale Barberger-Gateau, Aurore Tulon, Sandra Campos, Véronique Dupuis, Isabelle Bourdel-Marchasson Tags: Quality Improvement in Long Term Care Source Type: research
Candida spp. adherence to oral epithelial cells and levels of IgA in children with orthodontic appliances
In conclusion, orthodontic appliances may favor the adherence of Candida to epithelial cells but do not influence the presence of these yeasts in saliva, and the levels of anti-C. albicans IgA do not correlate with yeast adherence or presence of Candida in the oral cavity (Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - December 22, 2013 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research
Oral candidosis in relation to oral immunity
Symptomatic oral infection with Candida albicans is characterized by invasion of the oral epithelium by virulent hyphae that cause tissue damage releasing the inflammatory mediators that initiate and sustain local inflammation. Candida albicans triggers pattern‐recognition receptors of keratinocytes, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells, stimulating the production of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐23. These cytokines induce the differentiation of Th17 cells and the generation of IL‐17‐ and/or IL‐22‐mediated antifungal protective immuno‐inflammatory responses in infected mucosa. Some immune cells including NKT ...
Source: Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine - October 9, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: L. Feller, R. A. G. Khammissa, R. Chandran, M. Altini, J. Lemmer Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
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Praxis (Bern 1994). 2013 Oct 1;102(20):1251-1255
Authors: Lorenz J, Vollenweider P, Vuilleumier H, Schwab M
Abstract
Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis is a rare pathology whose etiology is unknown, but which is frequently associated with three highly prevalent entities: esophageal reflux disease, esophageal candidosis and alcoholic esophagitis. With conservative treatment the course of these pathologies is usually benign. However, some severe cases are resistant to conservative treatment and may require more aggressive management. We here present the case of patient suffering from a severe...
Source: Praxis - October 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lorenz J, Vollenweider P, Vuilleumier H, Schwab M Tags: Praxis (Bern 1994) Source Type: research
Detection of (1,3)-β-D-glucans in situ in a Candida albicans brain granuloma
(1, 3)-β-D-glucan (BDG), a major fungal cell wall component, is a useful biomarker of invasive fungal infections (IFI), particularly candidosis, aspergillosis and pneumocystosis. The European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) included this test for the diagnosis of IFI using serum samples. Nowadays, BDG is a helpful non-invasive biomarker to screen patients at high risk of IFI. Some studies have reported BDG detection in other samples: bronchoalveolar lavage, cerebrospinal and peritoneal fluid. To our knowledge, no studies have dealt directly with BDG testing in tissues....
Source: Journal of Infection - August 12, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Gautier Hoarau, Olivier Kerdraon, Marion Lagree, Matthieu Vinchon, Nadine François, François Dubos, Boualem Sendid Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
The postantifungal effect of nystatin and its impact on adhesion attributes of oral Candida dubliniensis isolates
Summary
The postantifungal effect (PAFE) has an impact on candidal pathogenicity. However, there is no information on either the PAFE or its impact on adhesion traits of oral Candida dubliniensis isolates. Oral candidosis can be treated topically with nystatin. Adhesion to buccal epithelial cells (BEC), germ tube (GT) formation and relative cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) are all colonisation attributes of candidal pathogenicity. Hence, the main objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro PAFE on 20 C. dubliniensis isolates following exposure to nystatin. In addition, the impact of nystatin‐induced PAFE on ...
Source: Mycoses - June 17, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Arjuna N. B. Ellepola, Bobby K. Joseph, Rachel Chandy, Z. U. Khan Tags: Original article Source Type: research
Structure-Antifungal Activity Relationships of Polyene Antibiotics of the Amphotericin B Group.
Abstract
A comprehensive comparative analysis of the structure - antifungal activity relationships for the series of biosynthetically engineered nystatin analogues, their novel semisynthetic derivatives, as well as amphotericin B (AMB) and its semisynthetic derivatives was performed. The data obtained revealed the significant influence of the structure of the C7 - C10 polyol region on the antifungal activity of these polyene antibiotics. Comparison of positions of hydroxyl groups in the antibiotics and in vitro antifungal activity data showed that the most active are the compounds in which hydroxyl groups ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - May 28, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Tevyashova AN, Olsufyeva EN, Solovieva SE, Printsevskaya SS, Reznikova MI, Trenin AS, Galatenko OA, Treshalin ID, Pereverzeva ER, Mirchink EP, Isakova EB, Zotchev SB, Preobrazhenskaya MN Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: research
Oral Candida species in head and neck cancer patients treated by radiotherapy
Conclusions: Diversification and major prevalence of non-albicans species were observed in irradiated patients on head and neck and this treatment is straightly associated with fungus positiveness. (Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx)
Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx - May 1, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Edimilson M. de Freitas, Sérgio A.M. Nobre, Maria Betânia de Oliveira Pires, Ronize Viviane J. Faria, André Ulisses Dantas Batista, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan Tags: General Otolaryngology Source Type: research
Effect of Diamond‐Like Carbon Thin Film Coated Acrylic Resin on Candida albicans Biofilm Formation
Conclusion: Diamond‐like carbon films, doped or undoped with silver nanoparticles, coating the base of PMMA‐based dentures could be an alternative procedure for preventing candidosis in denture users. (Source: Journal of Prosthodontics)
Source: Journal of Prosthodontics - April 1, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: José Renato Cavalcanti Queiroz, Sara Fernanda Fissmer, Cristiane Yumi Koga‐Ito, Ana C. R. D. Salvia, Marcos Massi, Argermiro Soares da Silva Sobrinho, Lafayette Nogueira Júnior Source Type: research
Fermentative 2‐carbon metabolism produces carcinogenic levels of acetaldehyde in Candida albicans
Summary
Acetaldehyde is a carcinogenic product of alcohol fermentation and metabolism in microbes associated with cancers of the upper digestive tract. In yeast acetaldehyde is a by‐product of the pyruvate bypass that converts pyruvate into acetyl‐CoA during fermentation.
The aims of our study were: i) to determine the levels of acetaldehyde produced by C. albicans in the presence of glucose in low oxygen tension in vitro; ii) to analyze the expression levels of genes involved in the pyruvate‐bypass and acetaldehyde production; iii) to analyze whether any correlations exist between acetaldehyde levels, Adh enzyme act...
Source: Oral Microbiology and Immunology - January 19, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Emilia Marttila, Paul Bowyer, Dominique Sanglard, Johanna Uittamo, Pertti Kaihovaara, Mikko Salaspuro, Malcolm Richardson, Riina Rautemaa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Changes in germ tube formation and cell‐surface hydrophobicity of oral Candida dubliniensis isolates following brief exposure to sub‐cidal concentrations of polyene and azole antifungal agents
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of brief exposure to sub‐lethal concentrations of these antifungals on the germ tube formation and CSH of C. dubliniensis. After determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drugs, 20 oral isolates of C. dubliniensis were exposed to sub‐lethal concentrations of these antifungals for 1 h. Following this brief exposure, the drugs were removed, and following subsequent incubation in a germ tube inducing medium and exposure to bi‐phasic hydrocarbon assay, the germ tube formation and CSH of these isolates was quantified respectively. Compared with contr...
Source: Mycoses - January 1, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Arjuna N. B. Ellepola, Bobby K. Joseph, Z. U. Khan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
