Toxicity of plant extracts containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids using alternative invertebrate models.
Authors: Seremet OC, Olaru OT, Gutu CM, Nitulescu GM, Ilie M, Negres S, Zbarcea CE, Purdel CN, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis AM, Coleman MD, Margina DM
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a widespread class of hepatotoxic heterocyclic organic compounds found in approximately 3% of world flora. Some PAs have been shown to have genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. The present study focuses on the toxicity effects of four dry extracts obtained from medicinal plants (Senecio vernalis, Symphytum officinale, Petasites hybridus and Tussilago farfara), on two aquatic organisms, Artemia salina and Daphnia magna, an...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - April 6, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research
The Evidence for the Role of Nutraceuticals in the Management of Pediatric Migraine: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewNutraceuticals are a form of complementary and alternative medicine that is commonly used by children and adolescents with migraine. In this review, observational studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the efficacy and safety of single compound nutraceuticals for the management of migraine in children and adolescents were identified through a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and EBM Reviews —Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.Recent FindingsTwenty-one studies were reviewed, of which 11 were observational studies, 7 were randomized controll...
Source: Current Pain and Headache Reports - April 4, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
AMPK/Nrf2 signaling is involved in the anti-neuroinflammatory action of Petatewalide B from Petasites japonicus against lipopolysaccharides in microglia.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide the possible mechanism of the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of Petatewalide B that result from beneficial responses in the AMPK/Nrf2-signaling pathway.
PMID: 29433360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology)
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - February 14, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol Source Type: research
Green synthesis and antioxidant activity of novel series of benzofurans from euparin extracted of Petasites hybridus.
Abstract
A novel class of benzofuran derivatives is prepared from the isocyanide-based MCR, euparin and aldehydes in the presence of ZnO-nanorods as a catalyst in excellent yields at room temperature under solvent-free conditions as a green reaction medium. Also, the antioxidant activities of some synthesised compounds such as 4a, 4b, 10a and 10b were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reduction activity potential (FRAP) assays. Compound 10b, was shown moderate radical scavenging activity and very good reducing activity compared to standards (BHT and TBHQ).
PMID: 29376428 [PubMed - as ...
Source: Natural Product Research - January 28, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ezzatzadeh E, Hossaini Z Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: research
In Vitro and In Situ Absorption and Metabolism of Sesquiterpenes from Petasites hybridus Extracts
Planta Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-100401
Petasites hybridus extract is used in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the active constituent petasin and its isomers isopetasin and neopetasin (petasins) in the P. hybridus extract Ze 339 for liberation, dissolution, absorption, and metabolism. The determination of pH-dependent thermodynamic solubility was performed via the shake-flask method. Petasins exhibited a low solubility that was pH independent. In vivo, the concentration of solute drugs is decreased continuously by intestinal absorption. Therefore, low solubility is not a...
Source: Planta Medica - January 16, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Disch, Lucia Forsch, Kristina Siewert, Beate Drewe, J ürgen Fricker, Gert Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research
The evidence for herbal and botanical remedies, Part 1.
Abstract
There is evidence to support the use of capsaicin to relieve osteoarthritis and postherpetic neuralgia and support for green tea to serve as a lipid-lowering agent and help treat diabetes. Similarly, researchers have found that peppermint may be of value in the management of irritable bowel syndrome. We also review the literature on butterbur for migraine headaches, but serious safety issues exist.
PMID: 29309469 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Family Practice)
Source: The Journal of Family Practice - January 1, 2018 Category: Practice Management Authors: Mallone M, Tsai G Tags: J Fam Pract Source Type: research
The evidence for herbal and botanical remedies, Part 2.
Abstract
In part one of this series, we discussed the studies that have been done on capsaicin, butterbur, green tea, and peppermint. In this installment, we outline the research on 5 additional remedies: turmeric/curcumin, which may be of benefit in ulcerative colitis; chamomile, which appears to offer relief to patients with anxiety; rosemary, which may help treat alopecia; as well as coffee and cocoa, which may have some cardiovascular benefits.
PMID: 29309470 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Family Practice)
Source: The Journal of Family Practice - January 1, 2018 Category: Practice Management Authors: Mallone M, Tsai G Tags: J Fam Pract Source Type: research
Effects of a fixed herbal drug combination (Ze 185) to an experimental acute stress setting in healthy men – an explorative randomized placebo - controlled double blind study
Conclusion: The results show that Ze 185 significantly attenuated the subjective emotional stress response during an acute stress situation, without affecting biological stress responses. Given that a circumscribed biological stress response is to be considered as an adaptive mechanism, Ze 185 reduces self-reported anxiety response to stress without affecting assumingly adaptive biological stress responses. Graphical abstract (Source: Phytomedicine)
Source: Phytomedicine - December 12, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
New sesquiterpenoids from Petasites japonicus and Petasites tricholobus
Publication date: February 2018 Source:Phytochemistry Letters, Volume 23 Author(s): Ping Hai, Yuan Gao, Chun-Gui Xiao, Xian-Jun Jiang, Xiang-Mei Li, Wan-Qiu Yang, Rong-Tao Li, Fei Wang Phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of Petasites japonicus and Petasites tricholobus led to the isolation of five new bakkenolide-type sesquiterpenoids, bakkenolide-Ib (1), bakkenolide-IIb (2), bakkenolide-IIIb (3), bakkenolide-IVb (4), and bakkenolide-Vb (5), and a new eremophilane-type norsesquiterpenoid, petasindiol (6). Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRESIMS analyses. Petasindiol (6) represented the fir...
Source: Phytochemistry Letters - November 19, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
The anti ‐migraine component of butterbur extracts, isopetasin, desensitizes peptidergic nociceptors by acting on TRPA1 cation channel
Conclusion and ImplicationsActivation of TRPA1 channels by isopetasin results in excitation of neuropeptide‐containing nociceptors, followed by marked heterologous neuronal desensitization. Such atten uation in pain and neurogenic inflammation may account for the anti‐migraine action of butterbur. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - July 20, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Silvia Benemei, Francesco De Logu, Simone Li Puma, Ilaria Maddalena Marone, Elisabetta Coppi, Filippo Ugolini, Wolfgang Liedtke, Federica Pollastro, Giovanni Appendino, Pierangelo Geppetti, Serena Materazzi, Romina Nassini Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research
The antimigraine butterbur ingredient, isopetasin, desensitises peptidergic nociceptors via the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 channel
Conclusion and ImplicationsTRPA1 agonism by isopetasin results in excitation of neuropeptide‐containing nociceptors that is followed by remarkable heterologous neuronal desensitisation. Such attenuation in pain and neurogenic inflammation may account for the antimigraine action of butterbur. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - June 17, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Silvia Benemei, Francesco De Logu, Simone Li Puma, Ilaria Maddalena Marone, Elisabetta Coppi, Filippo Ugolini, Wolfgang Liedtke, Pollastro Federica, Giovanni Appendino, Pierangelo Geppetti, Serena Materazzi, Romina Nassini Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research
LC-MS/MS characterization, anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant activities of polyphenols from different tissues of Korean Petasites japonicus (Meowi).
Abstract
The Korean Petasites japonicus is a perennial plant used in folk medicine as a remedy for many diseases and popularly consumed as spring greens. Ten polyphenols were characterized from the leaves, stems, and roots of this plant via high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Individual polyphenols were quantified for the first time using calibration curves of six structurally related external standards. Validation data indicated that correlation coefficients (R(2) ) were ≥ 0.9702 for all standards. Recoveries measured at 50 and 100 mg/L were 80.0-91.9% and 80.3-105.3%, respe...
Source: Biomedical Chromatography : BMC - June 17, 2017 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Choi JY, Desta KT, Saralamma VVG, Lee SJ, Lee SJ, Kim SM, Paramanantham A, Lee HJ, Kim YH, Shin HC, Shim JH, Shin SC, Kim GS, Abd El-Aty AM Tags: Biomed Chromatogr Source Type: research
Dual Protective Effects of Flavonoids from Petasites japonicus against UVB-Induced Apoptosis Mediated via HSF-1 Activated Heat Shock Proteins and Nrf2-Activated Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathways.
This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds isolated from P. japonicus leaves. All compounds were assessed for their ability of transcriptional activation, induction of phase 2 enzymes and heat shock proteins (HSPs), as well as protection against the UVB-induced apoptotic cell death. Bioactive compounds were isolated from P. japonicus leaves. All compounds were evaluated for their protective effect using human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and human epidermal keratinocyte cells (HEKC) treated with UVB radiation. Four flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of P. japonicus and identified as kaempferol-3-O-(6″-acetyl)-β-...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 3, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kim KM, Im AR, Lee S, Chae S Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research
The impact of a mixture of medicinal herbs on ruminal fermentation, parasitological status and hematological parameters of the lambs experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus
Publication date: Available online 3 May 2017 Source:Small Ruminant Research Author(s): Z. Váradyová, S. Kišidayová, K. Čobanová, Ľ. Grešáková, M. Babják, A. Königová, M. Urda Dolinská, M. Várady The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with a mixture of selected medicinal herbs (Herbmix) on hematological and parasitological parameters and on the inflammatory response of lambs infected experimentally with the gastrointestinal parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. Herbmix contained selected medicinal herbs common in central Europe (8.55% each of Althaea officin...
Source: Small Ruminant Research - May 4, 2017 Category: Zoology Source Type: research
Oral toxicity study of certain plant extracts containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
In conclusion, the administration for 28 days, of the tested extracts, in a dose which correspond to a PAs concentration over the limits imposed in some countries, produced no hepatic and biliary toxic effects. Further studies, extended over a longer period of time, are needed in order to determine the safety of plant extracts containing PAs.
PMID: 28002518 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology)
Source: Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology - December 23, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Rom J Morphol Embryol Source Type: research
