Two-part models identifying predictors of cigarette, e-cigarette, and cannabis use and change in use over time among young adults in the US
CONCLUSIONS: Young adult substance use interventions should target high-risk subgroups and focus on distinct factors impacting use, including chronic, escalating, and decreasing use.SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: This study advances the literature regarding distinct predictors of different substance use outcomes and provides unique data to inform interventions targeting young adult cigarette, e-cigarette, and cannabis use.PMID:38685757 | DOI:10.1111/ajad.13569 (Source: American Journal on Addictions)
Source: American Journal on Addictions - April 30, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: Yan Wang Katelyn F Romm Mark C Edberg Jeffrey B Bingenheimer Cassidy R LoParco Yuxian Cui Carla J Berg Source Type: research
Provider-patient relationships and trauma among pregnant patients with opioid-use disorder
CONCLUSIONS AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Analyses show an association between probable PTSD and provider-patient relationship among pregnant patients with OUD, with those with probable PTSD having a worse alliance with obstetric providers. This novel finding helps characterize the provider-patient relationship among a uniquely vulnerable population and can inform efforts to integrate trauma-informed practices into prenatal care.PMID:38685767 | DOI:10.1111/ajad.13570 (Source: American Journal on Addictions)
Source: American Journal on Addictions - April 30, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: Molly Doernberg Kathryn Gilstad-Hayden Kimberly A Yonkers Ariadna Forray Source Type: research
People who use drugs engagement in substance use disorder services and harm reduction: evaluation, challenges and future direction of a community-based intervention
Since 1996, an urban community-based organization whose primary mission is to serve diverse94 and emerging community health needs has provided screening, testing, overdose prevention and training, referrals, a... (Source: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy)
Source: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy - April 30, 2024 Category: Addiction Authors: Julie Gleason-Comstock, Cindy Bolden Calhoun, Barbara J. Locke, Naga Vijaya Lakshmi Divya Boorle, Kevin Cobty, Tiffany McKenney, Kaji O. Uddin, Samantha J. Bauer and Jinping Xu Tags: Research Source Type: research
Understanding the Causal Relationships Between Opioid Dependence and Risk of Mental Disorders: A Comprehensive Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
In this study, we aim to investigate the causal associations and possible mediating mechanisms between opioid dependence and mental disorders via Mendelian randomization. Comprehensive bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) studies were conducted between opioid dependence and major mental disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, anorexia, obsessive –compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and insomnia. Inverse variance weighted approach was adopted as the primary analytic method with series of sensitivity analyses. Mediation effects of chronic pain ...
Source: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction - April 30, 2024 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Model melee: understanding models of addiction
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Source: Hospital Practice - April 30, 2024 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ezra KalmowitzBerman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Source Type: research
The Impact of Translational Neuroscience Approaches on the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Addiction is a brain disorder shaped by strong biosocial factors and resulting in devastating consequences to individuals and to society. Three decades of significant progress in genetics and neuroscience research, coupled with the advent of new molecular and brain imaging tools have helped characterize the cellular and network processes participating in the transition from drug use into addiction. This has opened up the opportunity for new therapeutics that target mechanisms involved with neuroplasticity. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nora D. Volkow Source Type: research
From Decisions to Molecular Mechanisms: Investigating the Influence of Adolescent THC Exposure on Adult Decision Making
Despite debates around the addiction liability of cannabis, approximately 10-30% of regular users meet the criteria for Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD). One of the strongest predictors for the development of CUD is adolescent cannabis use, and emerging data now indicate that use of high potency products may potentiate this CUD risk. However, the causal relationship between adolescent exposure, THC potency, and addiction-related behavior remains contested. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jacqueline-Merie Ferland, Daniel A. Garcia, Graeme Betts, Mason M. Silveira, Joao Bronze de Firmino, Catharine A. Winstanley, Yasmin L. Hurd Tags: SYMPOSIUM Source Type: research
4. The Proposed More Heuristic/Addiction Bias in the Psychobiology of Substance Use Disorders and Behavioral Addictions: Ominous Implications for Societal Problems Such as Global Warming
Conceptualizations of mental disorders (e.g., substance use disorders [SUDs] and behavioral addictions) are broadening to capture the entire severity spectrum, ranging from mild symptoms (e.g., “preaddiction” [McLellan et al., 2022, p. 749]) to severe disorders (Marel et al., 2019; Loganathan and Tiego, 2023). We extend this broadening in two ways: 1) the more heuristic/addiction bias is proposed as a heuristics/bias perspective on the psychobiology of SUDs and behavioral addictions; 2 ) this perspective’s implications for societal problems (e.g., global warming) are examined. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: John Haracz, Mehreen Zakaria Source Type: research
9. Network-Based Modeling of Brain-Wide Structural Alterations in Substance Use Disorders: A Worldwide ENIGMA Study
Substance use disorders (SUD) are increasingly recognized as network disorders and associated with system-wide structural brain alterations. Though network mechanisms have been shown to guide the spatial patterning of structural alterations in neuropsychiatric conditions, their relevance in SUD remains unclear. Here, we tested whether large-scale structural alterations in SUD relate to normative connectome architecture. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Foivos Georgiadis, Sara Lariviere, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Paul M. Thompson, Philipp Homan, Scott Mackey, Patricia Conrod, Hugh Garavan, Sofie Valk, Boris Bernhardt, Matthias Kirschner, ENIGMA Addiction Working Group Source Type: research
14. A Multi-PGS Approach to Predicting Substance Use Disorders Diagnoses in the EHR
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a major public health concern worldwide and identifying genetic factors underlying SUDs can inform prevention and treatment strategies. A previous study showed that a polygenic score (PGS) based on addiction liability can predict SUDs in biobank populations, but it is unclear if substance-specific PGSs add predictive value beyond the addiction factor (AF). (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Brandon Coombes, Tyler Oesterle, Mariela Jennings, Vanessa Pazdernik, Anthony Batzler, Jacob Frank, Victor Karpyak, Euijung Ryu, Rachel Kember, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Joanna Biernacka, PsycheMERGE SUD-Working Group Source Type: research
18. Systematic Organization of Cortical Thickness Co-Alterations in Substance Use Disorders
Previous research has demonstrated systematic structural alterations in neuropsychiatric disorders, linked to the human connectome's intrinsic organization. However, it remains unclear if similar coordinated co-alteration effects extend to substance use disorders (SUDs). Here, we examined substance use co-alteration networks (SUDcov) to uncover macroscale principles of illness and substance-use effects across the cortex. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sofie Valk, Foivos Georgiadis, Meike Hettwer, Sophia Thomopoulos, Paul Thompson, Scott Mackey, Patrica Conrod, Hugh Garavan, Clara Moreau, Boris C. Bernhardt, Matthias Kirschner, ENIGMA Addiction Working Group Source Type: research
23. Capturing Dynamic Patterns of Task-Based Functional Connectivity During Drug Cue Reactivity in Fronto-Amygdala Circuit
Frontopolar-amygdala circuit has been identified as a predictor of relapse in addiction, which is consistent with the heightened emotional reactivity or increased salience attributed to drug-related cues. Yet, the temporal dynamics of this circuit in response to drug cues remain unexplored. We investigated whether this circuitry undergoes sensitization, which would be consistent with an increase in drug salience with repeated exposure among individuals with methamphetamine use disorders (MUD). (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ghazaleh Soleimani, Rayus Kulplicki, Martin Paulus, Kelvin Lim, Hamed Ekhtiari Source Type: research
29. Cues Augment Working Memory Proficiency in Smokers: Preliminary Evidence That Attentional Bias Enhances Executive Function
Attentional bias to drug-related cues is a core feature of addiction. Whereas attention bias is often associated with decrements in cognitive function, few studies have investigated the potential for cues to enhance cognition. We investigated the effects of smoking cues on working memory (WM) and neural engagement among cigarette smokers using a novel cued N-back task. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Emilie-Clare O'Mara, Reem Tamimi, Vaibhav A. Diwadkar, Leslie H. Lundahl, Dalal Khatib, Hilary Marusak, Mark K. Greenwald, Eric A. Woodcock Source Type: research
35. Investigating Endocannabinoid Metabolism in Opioid Treated Chronic Pain Patients With and Without Opioid Use Disorder: A PET Study With Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Radioligand [C-11]CURB
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the anandamide-catabolizing enzyme, is a key determinant of endocannabinoid metabolism. Preclinical and clinical findings suggest reduced FAAH is associated with altered addiction risks and pain sensitivity. In our recent positron emission tomography (PET) studies with FAAH radiotracer [11C]CURB, reduced FAAH was implicated in cannabis and alcohol use disorder. However, the status of FAAH in opioid use disorder (OUD) remains unknown. The present study aims to determine whether FAAH levels are lower in chronic pain patients with OUD (OUD+) compared to opioid exposed patients (OUD-) and hea...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Claire Shyu, Kevin Butler, Rachel F. Tyndale, Andrew Smith, Vitor S. Tardelli, Stefan Kloiber, Bernard Le Foll, Isabelle Boileau Source Type: research
Role of the addiction clinical nurse specialist in acute hospital settings
CONCLUSION: Participants indicated several benefits to implementing an ACNS role in their hospital, such as ensuring that patients who misuse substances experienced continuity of care which began at admission, was followed-up during inpatient stays and was maintained in the community.PMID:38680049 | DOI:10.7748/ns.2024.e12305 (Source: Nursing Standard)
Source: Nursing Standard - April 29, 2024 Category: Nursing Authors: Sadie Lavelle-Cafferkey Catherine Comiskey Source Type: research
