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Specialty: Cardiology
Drug: Insulin

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Total 191 results found since Jan 2013.

Metabolic Markers to Predict Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Statin-Treated Patients (From the Treating to New Targets (TNT) and the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Trials)
The goal of this analysis was to evaluate the ability of insulin resistance, identified by the presence of prediabetes mellitus (PreDM) combined with either an elevated triglyceride (TG>1.7mmol/L) or body mass index (BMI> 27.0 kg/m2), to identify increased risk of statin-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consequently, a retrospective analysis of data from non-diabetic individuals in the TNT and SPARCL randomized controlled trials was performed, subdividing participants into 4 experimental groups: 1) normal fasting glucose (NFG) and TG ≤ 1.7 mmol/L (42%); 2) NFG and TG> 1.7 mmol/L (22%); 3) PreDM and TG ≤ 1.7 ...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Payal Kohli, Joshua W. Knowles, Ashish Sarraju, David D. Waters, Gerald Reaven Source Type: research

Gender Discrepancy in Diabetic Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Does Age Matter?
Conclusions: In DHF, female gender is characterized by having a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome components. Also, females are more likely to have better Left ventricular ejection fraction but less likely to receive cardiovascular evidence based medications. There is no significant difference in the overall hospital mortality between both genders, however, in the younger age; males have a significantly higher mortality.
Source: Critical Pathways in Cardiology - August 2, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Design of DEVOTE (Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec vs Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardiovascular Events) – DEVOTE 1
Publication date: September 2016 Source:American Heart Journal, Volume 179 Author(s): Steven P. Marso, Darren K. McGuire, Bernard Zinman, Neil R. Poulter, Scott S. Emerson, Thomas R. Pieber, Richard E. Pratley, Poul-Martin Haahr, Martin Lange, Kirstine Brown Frandsen, Rasmus Rabøl, John B. Buse DEVOTE was designed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec (IDeg) vs insulin glargine U100 (IGlar) in patients with T2D at high risk of cardiovascular events. DEVOTE is a phase 3b, multicenter, international, randomized, double-blind, active comparator-controlled trial, designed as an event-driven t...
Source: American Heart Journal - July 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events: Design of the DEVOTE Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (DEVOTE 1)
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2016 Source:American Heart Journal Author(s): Steven P. Marso, Darren K. McGuire, Bernard Zinman, Neil R. Poulter, Scott S. Emerson, Thomas R. Pieber, Richard E. Pratley, Poul-Martin Haahr, Martin Lange, Kirstine Brown Frandsen, Rasmus Rabøl, John B. Buse The Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardiovascular Events (DEVOTE) was designed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine U100 in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of c...
Source: American Heart Journal - June 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease: Pioglitazone reduces risk of stroke or MI
Nature Reviews Cardiology 13, 182 (2016). doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2016.34 Author: Karina Huynh Insulin resistance is present in >50% of patients without diabetes who have had an ischaemic stroke or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The IRIS trial investigators hypothesized that pioglitazone, an insulin-sensitizing agent, could reduce rates of stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) after ischaemic stroke or
Source: Nature Reviews Cardiology - March 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Karina Huynh Tags: Research Highlight Source Type: research

Outcomes for Patients With Diabetes After Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects an estimated 366 million people worldwide, and confers a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and HF.1 Diabetes is an independent mortality risk factor for HF patients at follow-up intervals of 1 –8 years.2–5 Decompensated HF is an insulin-resistant state, promoting hyperglycemia in patients with and without DM. Independently from DM status, blood glucose level at HF hospital admission is prognostic for 30-day mortality.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - February 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amanda R. Vest, Stanley M. Mistak, Rory Hachamovitch, Maria M. Mountis, Nader Moazami, James B. Young Tags: Clinical Investigation Source Type: research

Ten year experience of using a novel metabolic protocol in 'off pump' coronary artery bypass revascularization
Conclusions: Off-pump coronary artery bypass coupled with this novel metabolic protocol was associated with a low operative mortality and acceptable perioperative morbidities, including patients with left main coronary artery disease. These benefits are apparent at both short- and medium-term follow up.
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease - November 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Perkowski, D. J., Wagner, S., Muller, K., Schneider, J. R., St.Cyr, J. A. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Why is it important to achieve the goals of treatment of hypertension…. About a case that began as ischemic stroke.
Abstract Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is one of the most common conditions seen in primary care of cardiovascular disease and whose consequences; depending on the "target organ" affecting produce ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular disease or chronic kidney disease. In the pathogenesis of HAS are several physiopathological mechanisms involved; of which currently, to name the most important and frequent play a role in increasing adrenaline levels, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and recently, much the participation of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia mentioned. These processes lead to ...
Source: Archivos de Cardiologia de Mexico - November 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sauza-Sosa JC, Romero-Figueroa JA, Sierra-Galán LM, Ferez-Santander SM Tags: Arch Cardiol Mex Source Type: research

Insulin resistance: an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Abstract Sedentary life style and high calorie dietary habits are prominent leading cause of metabolic syndrome in modern world. Obesity plays a central role in occurrence of various diseases like hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which lead to insulin resistance and metabolic derangements like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediated by oxidative stress. The mortality rate due to CVDs is on the rise in developing countries. Insulin resistance (IR) leads to micro or macro angiopathy, peripheral arterial dysfunction, hampered blood flow, hypertension, as well as the cardiomyocyte and the endothelia...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - November 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Abstract P636: Sex Differences in Cardioprotective AT2R Expression in Diabetic Rats and Its Correlation with Myocardial Damage Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Healthy, young women are protected from CVD, while diabetic women are more susceptible to CVD compared to age-matched diabetic men and non-diabetic women. Underlying mechanisms for this sex difference in CVD are not fully elucidated. The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is a member of the protective, vasodilative arm of the renin angiotensin system. The Agtr2 gene that codes for AT2R is X-linked, and increased Agtr2 expression is reported in female vasculature of rodent models. We hypothesized that a sex difference might exist in DM...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lum-Naihe, K., Mahmood, A., Bajwa, J., Emter, C. A., Pulakat, L. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Abstract P638: Investigating Gene Pleiotropy in the Metabolic Syndrome in Lyon Hypertensive Rats Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) - hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance - is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Our overall goal is to identify novel genes and pathways causing MetS. Our previous work determined that rat chromosome 17 (RNO17) contributes to several MetS-defining traits (including high blood pressure, obesity, and dyslipidemia) in the Lyon Hypertensive (LH) rat, a genetically determined MetS rat model. We hypothesized that at least some of the traits on RNO17 are controlled by a single gene with pleiotropic effects. To address this hypothesis, we generated congeni...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kwitek, A. E., Pettus, J., Jakoubek, J., Ma, J. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Impact of glucose-lowering drugs on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by multiple pathophysiologic abnormalities. With time, multiple glucose-lowering medications are commonly required to reduce and maintain plasma glucose concentrations within the normal range. Type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals also are at a very high risk for microvascular complications and the incidence of heart attack and stroke is increased two- to three-fold compared with non-diabetic individuals. Therefore, when selecting medications to normalize glucose levels in T2DM patients, it is important that the agent not aggravate, and ideally even improve, cardiovascular ri...
Source: European Heart Journal - September 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ferrannini, E., DeFronzo, R. A. Tags: Clinical update Source Type: research

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells as a therapeutic tool for cardiovascular disease.
Abstract Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are adult stem cells that can be easily harvested from subcutaneous adipose tissue. Many studies have demonstrated that ADSCs differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (VECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo. However, ADSCs may fuse with tissue-resident cells and obtain the corresponding characteristics of those cells. If fusion occurs, ADSCs may express markers of VECs, VSMCs, and cardiomyocytes without direct differentiation into these cell types. ADSCs also produce a variety of paracrine factors such as vascular...
Source: World Journal of Cardiology - August 26, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Suzuki E, Fujita D, Takahashi M, Oba S, Nishimatsu H Tags: World J Cardiol Source Type: research

Plasma Levels of Soluble IL-2 Receptor α: Associations With Clinical Cardiovascular Events and Genome-Wide Association Scan.
CONCLUSIONS: These results support a role for sIL-2Rα in atherosclerosis and provide evidence for multiple-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms at chromosome 10p15-14. PMID: 26293465 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - August 20, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Durda P, Sabourin J, Lange EM, Nalls MA, Mychaleckyj JC, Jenny NS, Li J, Walston J, Harris TB, Psaty BM, Valdar W, Liu Y, Cushman M, Reiner AP, Tracy RP, Lange LA Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from this issue
Prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) is an urgent unmet clinical need given its association with a higher risk of stroke, heart failure and death. Known risk factors for AF include age, hypertension, body mass index and diabetes as well as markers of systemic inflammation; all of which likely contribute to the high prevalence of this dysrhythmia in our aging, increasingly obese, population. However, there currently are no established biomarkers to help in assessment of AF risk. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-generated hormone with lower levels seen with increased adiposity. Adiponectin has insulin sensitizing, anti-inflamma...
Source: Heart - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Heartbeat Source Type: research