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Total 34 results found since Jan 2013.

Stroke in sickle cell anemia patients: A need for multidisciplinary approaches
Abstract: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder, with Mendelian inheritance pattern, caused by a missense mutation in the β-polypeptide chain of the hemoglobin B. SCA preferentially affects populations in countries where malaria was/is present (e.g. Africa, USA, Brazil). Thereby, in USA, the incidence of SCA is relatively high, around 1/500, and the prevalence is about 1/1000. In Brazil, SCA represents a major public health problem with an incidence ranging from 1/2000 to 1/600 depending on the regions. Homozygotic patients present more severe medical conditions and reduced life expectancy than heter...
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 10, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Farid Menaa Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Abstract P396: The Stroke Belt: Forged in the Heat of the Buckle? A Hypothesis Session Title: Epidemiology
The “stroke belt”(SB) in the SE USA has significantly higher stroke rates in whites (W) and African Americans (AA). HTN is the major driving force. The “Buckle” (B) of the SB, with even higher rates, lies along the costal “low country” plains of the Carolinas. Being born in the B is a powerful exposure that increases risk. Forty percent of all US slaves came thru, slaved and many died in the B of the SB. While reading the scholarly review “Slavery, Disease and Suffering in the Southern Low Country”, by Dr. Peter McCandless, (Cambridge U Press, 2011) I was stuck with the effect of the hot, humid weather with...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Clarence Grim Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Chloroquine pretreatment attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain of ob/ob diabetic mice as well as wildtype mice.
In conclusion, chloroquine pretreatment could reduce cerebral damage after ischemic stroke especially in diabetic mice through multiple mechanisms, which include reducing neural cell DNA injury, restoring euglycemia and anti-inflammatory effects. The findings may provide potential for the development of chloroquine in the prevention and treatment of stroke in diabetic high-risk patients. PMID: 31647899 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - October 20, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhang YP, Cui QY, Zhang TM, Yi Y, Nie JJ, Xie GH, Wu JH Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Nitrone-based Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Their use alone or in Combination with Lanthionines.
Abstract The possibility of free radical reactions occurring in biological processes led to the development and employment of novel methods and techniques focused on determining their existence and importance in normal and pathological conditions. For this reason the use of Nitrones for spin trapping free radicals came into widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s when surprisingly the first evidence of their potent biological properties was first noted. Since then wide-spread exploration and demonstration of the potent biological properties of phenyl-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) and derivatives were shown in preclinical ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - February 15, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Floyd RA, Castro Faria Neto HC, Zimmerman GA, Hensley K, Towner RA Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Environmental Pollution: An Under-recognized Threat to Children’s Health, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusions Patterns of disease are changing rapidly in LMICs. Pollution-related chronic diseases are becoming more common. This shift presents a particular problem for children, who are proportionately more heavily exposed than are adults to environmental pollutants and for whom these exposures are especially dangerous. Better quantification of environmental exposures and stepped-up efforts to understand how to prevent exposures that cause disease are needed in LMICs and around the globe. To confront the global problem of disease caused by pollution, improved programs of public health monitoring and environmental protecti...
Source: EHP Research - March 1, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Brief Communication March 2016 Source Type: research

CNS Summit 2017 Abstracts of Poster Presentations
Conclusion: This novel technology discriminates and quantifies subtle differences in behavior and neurological impairments in subjects afflicted with neurological injury/disease. KINARM assessments can be incorporated into multi-center trials (e.g., monitoring stroke motor recovery: NCT02928393). Further studies will determine if KINARM Labs can demonstrate a clinical effect with fewer subjects over a shorter trial period. Disclosures/funding: Dr. Stephen Scott is the inventor of KINARM and CSO of BKIN Technologies.   Multiplexed mass spectrometry assay identifies neurodegeneration biomarkers in CSF Presenter: Chelsky...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - November 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Assessment Tools biomarkers Cognition Current Issue Drug Development General Genetics Medical Issues Neurology Patient Assessment Psychopharmacology Scales Special Issues Supplements Trial Methodology clinical trials CNS Su Source Type: research

Cause-specific mortality in the Kombewa health and demographic surveillance systems site, rural Western Kenya from 2011-2015.
CONCLUSIONS: The analysis established the main CODs among people of all ages within the area served by the Kombewa HDSS. We hope that information generated from this study will help better address preventable deaths in the surveyed community as well as help mitigate negative health impacts in other rural communities throughout the Western Kenya region. PMID: 29502491 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Global Health Action - March 7, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Glob Health Action Source Type: research

What Causes Facial Nerve Palsy?
Discussion Facial nerve palsy has been known for centuries, but in 1821 unilateral facial nerve paralysis was described by Sir Charles Bell. Bell’s palsy (BP) is a unilateral, acute facial paralysis that is clinically diagnosed after other etiologies have been excluded by appropriate history, physical examination and/or laboratory testing or imaging. Symptoms include abnormal movement of facial nerve. It can be associated with changes in facial sensation, hearing, taste or excessive tearing. The right and left sides are equally affected but bilateral BP is rare (0.3%). Paralysis can be complete or incomplete at prese...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - June 3, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Bioinformatics analysis of a long non ‑coding RNA and mRNA regulation network in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion based on RNA sequencing.
Bioinformatics analysis of a long non‑coding RNA and mRNA regulation network in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion based on RNA sequencing. Mol Med Rep. 2019 May 27;: Authors: Duan X, Han L, Peng D, Peng C, Xiao L, Bao Q, Peng H Abstract Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to be critical gene regulators of development and disease. The main aim of the present study was to elucidate the lncRNA‑mRNA regulation network in ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) using RNA sequencing (RNA‑seq) in rats. lncRNA expression profiles were screened in brain ti...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - June 12, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Albumin: Pathophysiologic basis of its role in the treatment of cirrhosis and its complications
Abstract Since the introduction of human serum albumin as a plasma expander in the 1940s, considerable research has allowed a better understanding of its biochemical properties and potential clinical benefits. Albumin has a complex structure, which is responsible for a variety of biological functions. In disease, albumin molecule is susceptible to modifications that may alter its biological activity. During the last decades, different methods to measure albumin function have been developed. Recent studies have shown that not only albumin concentration but also albumin function is reduced in liver failure. This observation ...
Source: Hepatology - February 19, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Rita Garcia‐Martinez, Paolo Caraceni, Mauro Bernardi, Pere Gines, Vicente Arroyo, Rajiv Jalan Tags: Liver Failure, Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension Source Type: research

Australia faces increased risk of disease from climate change, reports find
A number of recent studies have shown a clear connection between a warming planet and increased health risksAustralia has been warned of the rising threat of dengue fever and heat stroke deaths in the wake of a study that found climate change is aiding the spread of infectious diseases around the world. The report, part-funded by the US National Science Foundation and published in Science, found that climate change is already abetting diseases in wildlife and agriculture, with humans at heightened risk from dengue fever, malaria and cholera. Wealthy countries will do much better at predicting and tackling new disease threa...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - August 2, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Oliver Milman Tags: theguardian.com News Climate change Environment Australia Source Type: news

Neurocognitive sequelae following hippocampal and callosal lesions associated with cerebral malaria in an immune-naive adult
We report a case of a 36-year-old immune-naive Caucasian female who sustained a brain injury with neurocognitive sequelae, after a severe bout of falciparum malaria. On admission, she was unconscious, febrile, hypoglycaemic and passing black urine. She had returned from Ghana 2 days earlier. Her initial parasite count was 22%,...
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - October 15, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Laverse, E., Nashef, L., Brown, S. Tags: Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, Travel medicine, Tropical medicine (infectious diseases), Epilepsy and seizures, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Adult intensive care, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Images Source Type: research

Neuregulin-1 attenuates mortality associated with experimental cerebral malaria
Conclusions: This study suggests that NRG-1 attenuates ECM-associated brain inflammation and injuries and may represent a novel supportive therapy for the management of CM.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 17, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Wesley SolomonNana O WilsonLeonard AndersonSidney PittsJohn PatricksonMingli LiuByron D FordJonathan K Stiles Source Type: research

High Plasma Erythropoietin Levels are Associated With Prolonged Coma Duration and Increased Mortality in Children With Cerebral Malaria
Conclusions. High endogenous plasma EPO levels are associated with prolonged coma duration and increased mortality in children >18 months of age with CM.
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases - December 12, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shabani, E., Opoka, R. O., Idro, R., Schmidt, R., Park, G. S., Bangirana, P., Vercellotti, G. M., Hodges, J. S., Widness, J. A., John, C. C. Tags: ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Source Type: research

Neurological disorders in the emergency centre of the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon: A cross-sectional study
Conclusion Neurological disorders are common in the emergency centre of the DGH. Aetiologies are diverse and in-hospital mortality is high. This highlights the need to organize neurologist calls at the EC and/or to improve the human resources capacity through regular training and evaluation.
Source: African Journal of Emergency Medicine - July 11, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research