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Specialty: Drugs & Pharmacology
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Total 78 results found since Jan 2013.

Selective modulators of α5-containing GABAA receptors and their therapeutic significance.
Abstract GABAA receptors containing the α5 subunit (α5GABAARs) are found mainly in the hippocampus where they mediate a tonic chloride leak current and contribute a slow component to GABAergic inhibitory synaptic currents. Their inhibitory effect on the excitability of hippocampal neurons at least partly explains why changes in the level of activity of α5GABAARs affect cognition, learning and memory. These receptors have been implicated as potential therapeutic targets for a range of clinical conditions including age-related dementia, stroke, schizophrenia, Down syndrome and anesthetic-induced amnesia. Accordin...
Source: Current Drug Targets - March 9, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Soh MS, Lynch JW Tags: Curr Drug Targets Source Type: research

The effects of sigma (σ1) receptor‐selective ligands on muscarinic receptor antagonist‐induced cognitive deficits in mice
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe σ1 receptor‐selective compound LS‐1–137 may represent a novel candidate cognitive enhancer for the treatment of muscarinic receptor‐dependent cognitive deficits.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - April 10, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Maninder Malik, Claudia Rangel‐Barajas, Nathalie Sumien, Chang Su, Meharvan Singh, Zhenglan Chen, Ren‐Qi Huang, Johann Meunier, Tangui Maurice, Robert H Mach, Robert R Luedtke Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors - emerging roles in neuronal memory, learning, synaptic plasticity and neural regeneration.
Abstract Epigenetic regulation of neuronal signalling through histone acetylation dictates transcription programs that govern neuronal memory, plasticity and learning paradigms. Histone Acetyl Transferases (HATs) and Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are antagonistic enzymes that regulate gene expression through acetylation and deacetylation of histone proteins around which DNA is wrapped inside a eukaryotic cell nucleus. The epigenetic control of HDACs and the cellular imbalance between HATs and HDACs dictate disease states and have been implicated in muscular dystrophy, loss of memory, neurodegeneration and autistic ...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - October 21, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ganai SA, Ramadoss M, Mahadevan V Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Activity-dependent neurorehabilitation beyond physical trainings: "mental exercise" through mirror neuron activation.
Abstract The activity dependent brain repair mechanism has been widely adopted in many types of neurorehabilitation. The activity leads to target specific and non-specific beneficial effects in different brain regions, such as the releasing of neurotrophic factors, modulation of the cytokines and generation of new neurons in adult hood. However physical exercise program clinically are limited to some of the patients with preserved motor functions; while many patients suffered from paralysis cannot make such efforts. Here the authors proposed the employment of mirror neurons system in promoting brain rehabilitation...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - November 11, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yuan TF, Chen W, Shan C, Rocha N, Arias-Carrión O, Machado S Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Glycyrrhizic acid ameliorates cognitive impairment on vascular dementia model rats associated with oxidative damage and inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels.
Abstract Vascular dementia (VD) is known to be the second most common causes of cognitive impairment in the elderly population. Our study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective of glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a major active constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra root, on VD rats model induced by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries. Spatial cognitive function was examined by performing Morris water maze (MWM) and synaptic plasticity was explored by long-term potential (LTP) test. The results showed that GA (20 mg/kg for 5d) significtantly improved the performance of learning and memory of VD rats in MW...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - May 26, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yang J, Yao Y, Guo J, Yang CX Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Vinpocetine improves scopolamine induced learning and memory dysfunction in C57 BL/6J mice.
In this study, we investigated whether vinpocetine could reverse the scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in animals. Behavioral experiments, including open field, Y-maze, and fear conditioning tests were used to determine the possible role of vinpocetine on scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction. In the open field and Y-maze tests, there were significant differences between the control (CON) group and scopolamine (SCO) group. Vinpocetine (4 mg/kg) administration for consecutive 28 days significantly improved the scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction. In the fear conditioning test, vinpocetine (2 and 4 mg/kg) administra...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - June 20, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shang Y, Wang L, Li Y, Gu PF Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

A novel pharmacodynamic model in rats for preventing vascular dementia from maintaining neurovascular coupling sensitivity.
This study aimed to confirm a model for preventing VaD via maintaing NVC sensitivity in rats. The model was replicated with autologous microthrombi against the background of hypercholesterolemia. A phosphodiesterase inhibitor (pentoxyfylline) was preventively administrated to confirm the role of NVC sensitivity. Cognitive function was evaluated as exploratory, learning and memorizing abilities. NVC sensitivity was defined as the ratio of microcirculative cerebral blood flow (∆CBF) to the quantitative electroencephalograph (∆qEEG) before and after penicillin stimulation. The pathogenesis of NVC dysfunction was explored ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - March 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhao X, Liu J, Yang S, Song D, Wang C, Chen C, Wang C, Pu F, Yang R, Li X, Wang Q, Ge S, Lin Y, Liu X, Cai D Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Ling-Yang-Gou-Teng-decoction prevents vascular dementia through inhibiting oxidative stress induced neurovascular coupling dysfunction
Conclusions The results suggested that LG prevented VaD may associate with inhibiting oxidative stress, protecting NO bioavailability, and then maintaining NVC sensitivity. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - May 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The neuroprotective effect of lithium chloride on cognitive impairment through glycogen synthase kinase-3 β inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage rats.
In this study, Male Sprague-Dawley rats, subjected to intrastriatal blood infusion, were treated with lithium chloride and underwent neurobehavioral test for equivalent injury severity and neurological functional deficits, Morris water maze test for cognitive impairment, high performance liquid chromatography analysis for excitotoxic index determination, immunohistochemistry analysis for neuronal apoptosis, and Western blot analysis for glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity. Our results showed lithium chloride inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β activation, which on one hand, suppressed downstream CRMP-2/NR2B, thus dimi...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liu Z, Li R, Jiang C, Zhao S, Li W, Tang X Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor Signaling Underlying Chronic Pain and Neuroprotective Mechanisms through Prothymosin α.
Abstract For my Ph.D. research topic, I isolated endogenous morphine-like analgesic dipeptide, kyotorphin, which mediates Met-enkephalin release, and discovered kyotorphin synthetase, a putative receptor and antagonist. Furthermore, I succeeded in purifying μ-opioid receptor and functional reconstitution with purified G proteins. After receiving my full professor position at Nagasaki University in 1996, I worked on two topics of research, molecular mechanisms of chronic pain through lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and identification and characterization of neuroprotective protein, prothymosin α. In a series of studi...
Source: Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan - November 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ueda H Tags: Yakugaku Zasshi Source Type: research

Effects of Mulberry on the Central Nervous System: A Literature Review.
CONCLUSION: Mulberry species proved beneficial to many neurological functions in animal models. The active ingredients of each species, especially M. alba, should be deeper studied for screening potentially candidates for future treatments. PMID: 32379591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - May 5, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tam DNH, Nam NH, Elhady MT, Tran L, Hassan OG, Sadik M, Tien PTM, Elshafei GA, Huy NT Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

LL-00066471, a novel positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ameliorates cognitive and sensorimotor gating deficits in animal models: Discovery and preclinical characterization.
Abstract α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) is an extensively validated target for several neurological and psychiatric conditions namely, dementia and schizophrenia, owing to its vital roles in cognition and sensorimotor gating. Positive allosteric modulation (PAM) of α7 nAChR represents an innovative approach to amplify endogenous cholinergic signaling in a temporally restricted manner in learning and memory centers of brain. α7 nAChR PAMs are anticipated to side-step burgeoning issues observed with several clinical-stage orthosteric α7 nAChR agonists, related to selectivity, tolerance/tachyphyl...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - October 27, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Verma MK, Goel RN, Bokare AM, Dandekar MP, Koul S, Desai S, Tota S, Singh N, Nigade PB, Patil VB, Modi D, Mehta M, Gundu J, Walunj SS, Karche NP, Sinha N, Kamboj RK, Palle VP Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Modeling of diagnosis for metabolic syndrome by integrating symptoms into physiochemical indexes.
CONCLUSION: Compared with SVM and DT models, the RF model showed the best performance, especially when the ratio of the training set to test set is 8:2. Compared with single predictive indexes, the model constructed by combining physiochemical indexes with TCM indexes (i.e. the fused indexes) exhibited better predictive ability. In addition to common physicochemical indexes, some TCM indexes, such as wiry pulse, chest tightness, spontaneous perspiration, greasy tongue coating, can also improve diagnosis of MS. PMID: 33588265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - February 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xia SJ, Gao BZ, Wang SH, Guttery DS, Li CD, Zhang YD Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Modeling of diagnosis for metabolic syndrome by integrating symptoms into physiochemical indexes
CONCLUSION: Compared with SVM and DT models, the RF model showed the best performance, especially when the ratio of the training set to test set is 8:2. Compared with single predictive indexes, the model constructed by combining physiochemical indexes with TCM indexes (i.e. the fused indexes) exhibited better predictive ability. In addition to common physicochemical indexes, some TCM indexes, such as wiry pulse, chest tightness, spontaneous perspiration, greasy tongue coating, can also improve diagnosis of MS.PMID:33588265 | DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111367
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - February 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shu-Jie Xia Bi-Zhen Gao Shui-Hua Wang David S Guttery Can-Dong Li Yu-Dong Zhang Source Type: research

Osthole Ameliorates Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Female Mice
This study examined whether OST improves ovariectomy (OVX)-induced cognitive impairment, and alleviates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by OVX in mice. Adult female C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized and then treated with OST at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, behavioral tests were used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, recognition memory, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. A cohort of the mice were sacrificed after 14 days of OST treatment and their hippocampi were collected for measurement of the proteins of interest using western blot. OVX-induced alterati...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 6, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research