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What Are Some Risk Factors for Cerebral Palsy?
Discussion The term, cerebral palsy, or CP has gone through many iterations with the first description in 1861 by W.J. Little who described it as “The condition of spastic rigidity of the limbs of newborn children.” The most recent definition is from Rosenbaun et al. in 2007 which states it is “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. The motor disorders of cerebral palsy are often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cog...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - March 9, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Pediatric Education Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

How our brains create breathing rhythm is unique to every breath
Breathing propels everything we do, so its rhythm must be carefully organized by our brain cells, right?Wrong.Every breath we take arises from a disorderly group of neurons — each one like a soloist belting out its song before it unites with other neurons to harmonize on a fresh breath.That ’s the gist ofa UCLA study published March 3 in the online edition of  Neuron.“We were surprised to learn that how our brain cells work together to generate breathing rhythm is different every time we take a breath,” saidJack Feldman, the study ’s senior author, a professor of neurobiology at the David Geffen School of Medic...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - March 4, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Deep learning approaches for plethysmography signal quality assessment in the presence of atrial fibrillation
Objective : Photoplethysmography (PPG) monitoring has been implemented in many portable and wearable devices we use daily for health and fitness tracking. Its simplicity and cost-effectiveness has enabled a variety of biomedical applications, such as continuous long-term monitoring of heart arrhythmias, fitness, and sleep tracking, and hydration monitoring. One major issue that can hinder PPG-based applications is movement artifacts, which can lead to false interpretations. In many implementations, noisy PPG signals are discarded. Misinterpreted or discarded PPG signals pose a problem in applications where the goal i...
Source: Physiological Measurement - December 26, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Tania Pereira, Cheng Ding, Kais Gadhoumi, Nate Tran, Rene A Colorado, Karl Meisel and Xiao Hu Source Type: research

Age Well with Smart HealthTech
America is going gray. According to U.S. Census data, in 2030 even the youngest Baby Boomers will have reached 65, and older Americans will make up 21 percent of the population. That’s up from 15 percent today. By 2060, nearly a quarter of Americans will be at least 65 and a half million will reach age 100. These changing demographics give urgency to the concept of “aging in place.” Nobody wants to lose their independence, but that’s the reality for many who are forced from their homes by cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes or other chron...
Source: MDDI - August 19, 2019 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Stephanie Van Ness Tags: Digital Health Source Type: news

Transcriptomic Analysis of Mecp2 Mutant Mice Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes and Altered Mechanisms in Both Blood and Brain
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of National Animal Welfare Authority, Ireland. The protocol was approved by the Animal Ethical Committee Trinity College Dublin and HPRA.Author ContributionsAS performed the experiments and wrote the paper; KH provided assistance in the design and analysis of the RNAseq experiment; DT contributed to sample extraction and establishment of the colony; and DT and MG designed and supervised all the parts of the research and the writing of the manuscript.FundingThe study was funded by the Wellcome Trust Grant WT079408/C/06/Z issued to MG, and by an SFI FN Funded ...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 29, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

More Research Is Needed on Lifestyle Behaviors That Influence Progression of Parkinson's Disease
This article highlights some of these challenges in the design of lifestyle studies in PD, and suggests a more coordinated international effort is required, including ongoing longitudinal observational studies. In combination with pharmaceutical treatments, healthy lifestyle behaviors may slow the progression of PD, empower patients, and reduce disease burden. For optimal care of people with PD, it is important to close this gap in current knowledge and discover whether such associations exist. Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related complex progressive neurodegenerative disorder, with key p...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Modulating Applied Task Performance via Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Conclusion tES may prove valuable for modulating applied task performance, though research in this area warrants careful consideration of several individual-, context-, and task-related factors that may predict the robustness and directionality of tES effects. Whereas most applied research with tES has administered tDCS, tACS and tRNS have also shown potential to modulate cortical activity and behavior. Even in highly applied and dynamic tasks, such as navigation and driving, tES appears to carry some performance benefits. This is compelling because as tES is slowly incorporated into highly complex real-world environments...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 29, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

A Copernican Approach to Brain Advancement: The Paradigm of Allostatic Orchestration
The objective of this presentation is to explore historical, scientific, interventional, and other differences between the two paradigms, so that innovators, researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, patients, end-users, and others can gain clarity with respect to both the explicit and implicit assumptions associated with brain advancement agendas of any kind. Over the course of three decades, a series of brain-centric, evolution-inspired insights have been articulated with increasing refinement, as principles of allostasis (Sterling and Eyer, 1988; Sterling, 2004, 2012, 2014). Allostasis recognizes that the role of the ...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 25, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors and Cognitive Function in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Conclusions: Lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, sleep, and social activity appear to be associated with cognitive function among older people. Physical activity and appropriate durations of sleep and conversation are important for cognitive function. Introduction Dementia is a major public health issue worldwide, with a serious burden for patients, caregivers, and society, as well as substantial economic impacts (1). Although the prevalence of late-life cognitive impairment and dementia are expected to increase in future, effective disease-modifying treatments are currently unavailable. Therefore, unders...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Predictive Capacity of the Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test After Sport-Related Concussion in Adolescents
Conclusion This study found that the ΔHR (HRt minus resting HR) correlated with duration of clinical recovery in participants who were prescribed relative rest or a placebo-stretching program but not for participants prescribed sub-threshold aerobic exercise. A ΔHR of ≤50 bpm on the BCTT was 73% sensitive and 78% specific for predicting delayed recovery in concussed adolescents prescribed the current standard of care (i.e., cognitive and physical rest). This has implications for planning team and school activities in adolescents who sustain SRC. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in acco...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Glutamate Transport and Preterm Brain Injury
Silvia Pregnolato1*, Elavazhagan Chakkarapani1, Anthony R. Isles2 and Karen Luyt1 1Department of Neonatal Neurology, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom 2Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom Preterm birth complications are the leading cause of child death worldwide and a top global health priority. Among the survivors, the risk of life-long disabilities is high, including cerebral palsy and impairment of movement, cognition, and beh...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

10 Biggest Myths About Sleeping, According To Researchers
(CNN) — Hey, sleepyheads. What you believe about sleep may be nothing but a pipe dream. Many of us have notions about sleep that have little basis in fact and may even be harmful to our health, according to researchers at NYU Langone Health’s School of Medicine, who conducted a study published Tuesday in the journal Sleep Health. “There’s such a link between good sleep and our waking success,” said lead study investigator Rebecca Robbins, a postdoctoral research fellow in the Department of Population Health at NYU Langone Health. “And yet we often find ourselves debunking myths, whether ...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - April 16, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health Healthwatch News CNN Sleep Source Type: news

Phagocytosis in the Brain: Homeostasis and Disease
Conclusions and Perspectives In this review we have summarized the critical role phagocytosis plays in both CNS homeostasis and disease. While much progress has been made in recent years, many unanswered questions remain. How phagocytosis in the CNS is influenced by numerous factors, such as microenvironment or phagocytic target, have yet to be fully resolved. Additionally, the utilization of novel technologies, including in vivo imaging techniques (217), iPSC-derived microglia (213) and high-throughput screens (66), will likely contribute to further identification of phagocytic pathways and consequences of phagocytosis w...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease
Light-Induced Pupillary Responses in Alzheimer's Disease Pratik S. Chougule1, Raymond P. Najjar1,2, Maxwell T. Finkelstein1, Nagaendran Kandiah3,4 and Dan Milea1,2,5* 1Department of Visual Neurosciences, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore 2The Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore 3Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore 4Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore 5Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore The impact of Alzhe...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research