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Telling friend from foe in emergency vertigo and dizziness: does season and daytime of presentation help in the differential diagnosis?
The objective of the present study was to analyze frequency and distribution patterns of specific vestibular and non-vestibular diagnoses in an interdisciplinary university emergency room (ER), including data on daytime and season of presentation. A retrospective chart analysis of all patients seen in a one-year period was performed. In the ER 4.23% of all patients presented with VD (818 out of 19,345). The most frequent-specific diagnoses were BPPV (19.9%), stroke/transient ischemic attack (12.5%), acute unilateral vestibulopathy/vestibular neuritis (UVH; 8.3%), and functional VD (8.3%). Irrespective of the diagnosis, the...
Source: Journal of Neurology - July 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Risk Factors for the Occurrence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusion: Female gender, vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis, migraine, head trauma, and high TC level were risk factors for the occurrence of BPPV. However, the effects of other risk factors on BPPV occurrence need further investigations.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vitamin D and Stroke: Effects on Incidence, Severity, and Outcome and the Potential Benefits of Supplementation
Vitamin D serum level has been positively associated with improved cardiovascular health, especially with reduction of stroke risk. This systemic review summarizes and synthesizes findings from studies relevant to the relationship between vitamin D and stroke risk, severity, and outcome; potential mechanisms explaining such a relationship; and outcomes from vitamin D supplementation. The literature shows that vitamin D deficiency is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke, with sun exposure, sex, age, race, diabetes, and genetics playing a role as well. Stroke severity and short- and long-term outcomes also worsen wi...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease: how serum phosphorus, vitamin D, and uric acid levels contribute to the ischemic stroke
This study aimed to measure serum phosphorus, vitamin D3, and uric acid levels in ischemic stroke patients compar...
Source: BMC Neurology - March 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Abolfazl Talebi, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Samaneh Nakhaee, Zahra Ahmadi and Seyed Mohammad Mousavi-Mirzaei Tags: Research article Source Type: research

Impact of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D on the Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Machine Learning Approach
Conclusions: 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in Korea and low 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was associated with poor outcome in patients with AIS. The machine learning approach of extreme gradient boosting was also useful to assess stroke prognosis along with logistic regression analysis.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Depressed serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels increases hospital stay and alters glucose homeostasis in first ever ischemic stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: 25(OH)D levels are associated with glucose homeostasis ,25(OH) D contributes to increase the length of hospital stay. Low serum 25-OHD level is an independent predictor for hospital stay in first-ever ischemic stroke, Vitamin D deficiency did not predict functional outcome at 3 months. PMID: 31549956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - September 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang B, Lin Y, Tan S, Lu Z Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

What is the current role for vitamin D and the risk of stroke ?
Abstract Increasing evidence support the relationship between vitamin D and stroke. Vitamin D have now been proposed as a prognostic biomarker for also functional outcome in stroke patients. A revision of the data suggests that low vitamin D is associated more with ischemic than with haemorrhagic stroke, even if the role of optimal vitamin D levels for vascular wall is still unclear. Vitamin D deficiency induces with different mechanisms an alteration of vascular wall. However, to date, the research supporting the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in stroke and in post-stroke recovery is still inadequate ...
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Siniscalchi A, Lochner P, Anticoli S, Chirchiglia D, De Sarro G, Gallelli L Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

M2 Macrophages as a Potential Target for Antiatherosclerosis Treatment.
Abstract Atherosclerosis is a chronic progressive inflammation course, which could induce life-threatening diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Optimal medical treatments for atherosclerotic risk factors with current antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs (for example, statins) are widely used in clinical practice. However, many patients with established disease still continue to have recurrent cardiovascular events in spite of treatment with a state-of-the-art therapy. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Hence, current treatment of athe...
Source: Neural Plasticity - March 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Bi Y, Chen J, Hu F, Liu J, Li M, Zhao L Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Platelet Surface CD62p and Serum Vitamin D Levels are Associated with Clopidogrel Resistance in Chinese Patients with Ischemic Stroke
Background: To explore the association of platelet activation markers, vitamin D, and antiplatelet drugs resistance in ischemic stroke patients. Methods: A total of 230 patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. Platelet aggregation, platelet activation marker (CD62p), and vitamin D were measured after 7-14 days of dual antiplatelet treatment (aspirin  + clopidogrel). All individuals were divided into a drug resistance group and a drug sensitive group according to the platelet maximum aggregation rate induced by antagonist adenosine diphosphate or arachidonic acid.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 20, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Bi-Chao Lu, Xiao-Jie Shi, Lin Liang, Na Dong, Zhi-Zhong Liu Source Type: research

Vitamin D deficiency increases blood-brain barrier dysfunction after ischemic stroke in male rats.
Abstract Because vitamin D hormone deficiency (VDHdef) can worsen severity and outcome for ischemic stroke, we examined the role of VDH in maintaining blood-brain-barrier (BBB integrity) in a rat model of stroke. In most types of stroke, the BBB is markedly compromised, potentially leading to a cascade of injury processes and functional deficits, so we examined a number of biomarkers associated with BBB disruption to determine whether VDH deficiency would further compromise the BBB following a stroke. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of two diet cohorts, VDH-sufficient (VDHsuf) and VDHdef. The VDHsuf...
Source: Experimental Neurology - November 28, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sayeed I, Turan N, Stein DG, Wali B Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

The Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Cardiovascular Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
In this study, we explored the relationship between BMD and cardiovascular health, and observed no association between BMD and LVEF. The primary results were in the opposite direction than the hypothesized direction, with the model beta coefficient for BMD indicating a negative relationship with LVEF; however, the size of the effect BMD had on LVEF was very small and not statistically significant. The secondary linear regression analyses provided consistent results with the primary linear regression, indicating that the primary results are sensitive to a variety of slightly modified conditions. It is possible that the nul...
Source: PLOS Currents Muscular Dystrophy - March 22, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Tara Anne Kervin Source Type: research

Genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D3 metabolizing CYP24A1 and CYP2R1 enzymes in Turkish patients with ischemic stroke.
Conclusion This is the first study conducted regarding the association of CYP24A1 rs927650 and CYP2R1 rs10741657 genetic polymorphisms and ischemic stroke risk. The polymorphic genotypes of these polymorphisms, together with hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and obesity, were found as significant risk factors for ischemic stroke. PMID: 29528271 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - March 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Vitamin D 3 Supplementation Reduces Subsequent Brain Injury and Inflammation Associated with Ischemic Stroke
AbstractAcute inflammation can exacerbate brain injury after ischemic stroke. Beyond its well-characterized role in calcium metabolism, it is becoming increasingly appreciated that the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VitD3), has potent immunomodulatory properties. Here, we aimed to determine whether 1,25-VitD3 supplementation could reduce subsequent brain injury and associated inflammation after ischemic stroke. Male C57Bl6 mice were randomly assigned to be administered either 1,25-VitD3 (100  ng/kg/day) or vehicle i.p. for 5 day prior to stroke. Stroke was induced via middle cerebral artery occl...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - February 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Relationship Between Dietary Vitamin D and Deaths From Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Brief Report
Background and Purpose—There is growing evidence about the importance of vitamin D for cardiovascular health. Therefore, we examined the relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and risk of mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese population.Methods—A prospective study encompassing 58 646 healthy Japanese adults (23 099 men and 35 547 women) aged of 40 to 79 years in whom dietary vitamin D intake was determined via a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. The median follow-up period was 19.3 years (1989–2009). The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of mortality were calcu...
Source: Stroke - January 22, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Haytham A. Sheerah, Ehab S. Eshak, Renzhe Cui, Hironori Imano, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diet and Nutrition, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Brief Reports Source Type: research

Relationship between serum vitamin D levels and inflammatory markers in acute stroke patients
ConclusionsSerum vitamin D levels are inversely associated with the levels of interleukin‐6 and hsCRP, suggesting a potential anti‐inflammatory role for vitamin D in stroke individuals. Our study explored the relationship between vitamin D levels and inflammatory markers in acute stroke patients and examined the effect of vitamin D and inflammatory markers on poststroke depression. We found that serum vitamin D levels were negatively associated with serum levels of interleukin‐6, suggesting a potential anti‐inflammatory role for vitamin D. Our results provided evidence for the mechanism of poststroke depression ca...
Source: Brain and Behavior - January 11, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Qiongzhang Wang, Zhuoying Zhu, Yuntao Liu, Xinjie Tu, Jincai He Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research

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