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Nutrition: Diets

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Total 303 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 137: Sox6 Regulates Renin Expression During Juxtaglomerular Cell Expansion Session Title: Renin Angiotensin System II
Introduction: Hypertension, a common condition that affects 33% of the US population, is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Treatments for hypertension are limited and there is a critical need to develop new therapies. The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) plays a key role in regulating blood pressure, and renin controls its rate-limiting step. In adults, renin is produced and stored by renal Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells. During sodium restriction and other pathophysiological stresses that require an increase in renin expression and release, the adult kidney increases the number of cells expressing r...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jason D Foss, Liang Xiao, Kandi D Horton, Mohammad Saleem, Conrad P Hodgkinson, David G Harrison, Jose A Gomez Tags: Oral Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P445: Sympathetic and Renal Mechanisms of Age-related Hypertension Session Title: Hypertension and Aging and Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
Hypothesis: Sympathoexcitation and sodium retention contribute to age-related hypertension (HTN).Methods: Three, 8, and 16 month old male SD rats underwent an IV volume expansion (VE; 5% BW) and MAP, HR, urine output and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neuronal activation (c-Fos expression) were assessed. In separate groups of rats fed a 21 day normal (NS; 0.6% NaCl) or high salt (HS; 4% NaCl) diet, measures of 1) ex vivo afferent renal nerve (ARN) activity (norepinephrine (NE)-evoked substance P release) or 2) MAP, HR, NCC activity (ΔUNaV to IV HCTZ, 2mg/kg) and sympathetic tone (plasma and renal NE content, ΔMAP to IV he...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Richard D Wainford, Alissa A Frame Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P452: Evaluation of Pathological Basis of a Shrsp-based Congenic Strain Characterized by Early Stroke Occurrence Session Title: Hypertension and Aging and Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
Objectives: The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) is a well-known model for essential hypertension and cerebral stroke. In the previous studies, we have identified a major blood pressure (BP) QTL on chromosome (chr) 1 of SHRSP and have explored gene(s) on the BP QTL responsible for hypertensive phenotypes of this strain through physiological analyses using reciprocal congenic strains between SHRSP and a normotensive control (Wistar-Kyoto rat, WKY). In a recent observation, we unexpectedly found that a SHRSP-based congenic strain, harboring a 0.3-Mbp fragment of the chr1 QTL, has developed stroke earlier t...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hiroki Ohara, Davis L Ngarashi, Toru Nabika Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P279: Mapping of Chromosome 2 Differentially Expressed Aortic Genes Linked to Vascular Inflammation Using Congenic Rats Fed a High-salt Diet Session Title: Onsite Poster Competition II
Background: Three congenic rat strains (SB2a, SB2b and SB2e) were created by chromosome (Chr) 2 fragment introgression from normotensive Brown Norway (BN) rats into hypertensive Dahl salt sensitive (SS) background. SB2a and SB2b rats fed a normal-salt diet presented reduced blood pressure (BP) and inflammation when compared to SS rats. We hypothesized that BN-Chr2 contains antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory genes that could prevent high-salt diet (HSD)-induced BP elevation and vascular injury in SB2a and SB2b rats. These genes will be identified using microRNA (miRNA) and total RNA expression profiling analysis in aort...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Olga Berillo, Sofiane Ouerd, Ku-Geng Huo, Chantal Richer, Daniel Sinnett, Anne E Kwitek, Pierre Paradis, Ernesto L Schiffrin Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P334: Persistent Adrenomedullin Derivative Inhibits Development of Hypertension Session Title: Salt and Hypertension
Human adrenomedullin (hAM) consists of a 52 amino acid peptide that is amidated and has a disulfide bond. The bioactive peptide hAM has a variety of physiological functions, such as vasodilatation, hormone secretion, neurotransmission, embryogenesis, wound healing and immunoregulation. hAM has shown several therapeutic effects in experimental models of various diseases, including ischemic heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease, stroke and retinochoroidal disease. However, these therapies required continuous administration of hAM as the half-life of native hAM is quite short in blood. To resolve these issues, the aim of ...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sayaka Nagata, Motoo Yamasaki, Kazuo Kitamura Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

MicroRNA-134 Promotes the Development of Atherosclerosis Via the ANGPTL4/LPL Pathway in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that miR-134 accelerates atherogenesis by promoting lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion via the ANGPTL4/LPL pathway. Therefore, targeting miR-134 may offer a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. PMID: 28867683 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis - September 6, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: J Atheroscler Thromb Source Type: research

Cardiovascular involvement in celiac disease.
Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune response to ingestion of gluten protein, which is found in wheat, rye, and barley grains, and results in both small intestinal manifestations, including villous atrophy, as well as systemic manifestations. The main treatment for the disease is a gluten-free diet (GFD), which typically results in the restoration of the small intestinal villi, and restoration of other affected organ systems, to their normal functioning. In an increasing number of recently published studies, there has been great interest in the occurrence of alterations in the cardiovascular system in unt...
Source: World Journal of Cardiology - August 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ciaccio EJ, Lewis SK, Biviano AB, Iyer V, Garan H, Green PH Tags: World J Cardiol Source Type: research

Aldosterone, Renin, Cardiovascular Events, and All-Cause Mortality Among African  Americans
Conclusions Elevated aldosterone and PRA may play a significant role in the development of CVD and all-cause mortality among African Americans. Graphical abstract
Source: JACC: Heart Failure - August 17, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

A differential expression of uncoupling protein-2 associates with renal damage in stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rat/stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat-derived stroke congenic lines
Conclusion: A differential UCP2 expression associates with different degree of renal damage upon Japanese diet in two SHRSR/SHRSP-derived stroke congenic lines through modulation of mitochondrial function, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - August 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Kidney Source Type: research

Effect of high-dose atorvastatin therapy accompanied by discontinuation of cholesterol-rich diet on color-doppler ultrasonography parameters of atherosclerotic carotid artery
Aim: Atherosclerosis is the underlying reason for nearly all causes of coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease and many cases of stroke. Carotid color-Doppler ultrasonography is a popular tool for evaluating atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. The aim of this study was to generate a rabbit model of carotid arterial atherosclerotic stenosis and the subsequent investigating the effect of high-dose atorvastatin therapy on color-Doppler ultrasonography parameters in this model.
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hossein Mehrad, Manijhe Mokhtari-Dizaji, Hossein Ghanaati Source Type: research

Dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid and the risk of ischemic stroke subtypes
Aim: Intake of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) may reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake of ALA and the risk of ischemic stroke subtypes.
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Christian Bork, Stine Krogh Ven ø, Søren Lundbye-Christensen, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Kim Overvad, Erik Berg Schmidt Source Type: research

Substitution of monounsaturated fatty acid for linoleic acid and the risk of ischemic stroke
Aim: The influence of dietary factors on stroke risk is limited. But the major n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid (LA) has been proposed beneficial in prevention of ischemic stroke.
Source: Atherosclerosis - August 1, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stine Krogh Ven ø, Kim Overvad, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Søren Lundbye-Christensen, Flemming Winther Bach, Erik Berg Schmidt Source Type: research

Effects of Folic Acid Therapy on the New-Onset Proteinuria in Chinese Hypertensive PatientsNovelty and Significance Clinical Trials
In conclusion, enalapril–folic acid therapy, compared with enalapril alone, significantly reduced the development of proteinuria in diabetic patients with hypertension.Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00794885.
Source: Hypertension - July 12, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Youbao Li, Min Liang, Guobao Wang, Binyan Wang, Mingli He, Genfu Tang, Delu Yin, Xin Xu, Yong Huo, Yimin Cui, Fan Fan Hou, Xianhui Qin Tags: Clinical Studies, Diabetes, Type 1, Diet and Nutrition, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: Surgery, Stenting, or Medical Therapy?
Opinion statementSymptomatic carotid artery disease is a significant cause of ischemic stroke, and these patients are at high risk for recurrent vascular events. Patients with symptoms of stroke or transient ischemic attack attributable to a significantly stenotic vessel (70 –99% luminal narrowing) should be treated with intensive medical therapy. Intensive medical therapy is a combination of pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions consistent with best-known practices as follows: initiation of antiplatelet agent or anticoagulation if medically indicated, high potenc y statin medication, blood pressure control with goal...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - July 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease by the Framingham-REGICOR Equation in the High-Risk PREDIMED Cohort: Impact of the Mediterranean Diet Across Different Risk Strata Epidemiology
ConclusionsIncident CVD increased in parallel with estimated risk in the PREDIMED cohort, but most events occurred in non–high‐risk categories, particularly in women. Until predictive tools are improved, promotion of the Mediterranean diet might be useful to reduce CVD independent of baseline risk.Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 13, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amor, A. J., Serra-Mir, M., Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Corella, D., Salas-Salvado, J., Fito, M., Estruch, R., Serra-Maȷem, L., Aros, F., Babio, N., Ros, E., Ortega, E., the PREDIMED Investigators Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diet and Nutrition, Epidemiology, Lifestyle, Primary Prevention Original Research Source Type: research