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Specialty: Neurology
Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 218 results found since Jan 2013.

TRPM7 Mediates Neuronal Cell Death Upstream of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Calcineurin Mechanism in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury
In this study, we employed a mouse model of hypoxic-ischemic brain cell death which mimics the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). HIE is a major public health issue and an important cause of neonatal deaths worldwide; however, the available treatments for HIE remain limited. Its survivors face life-long neurological challenges including mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and seizure disorders, motor impairments, and visual and auditory impairments. Through a proteomic analysis, we identified calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and phosphatase calcineurin as potential med...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 12, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Adenosine Signaling and Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of Glutamate AMPA Receptors in Delayed Hypoxic Injury in Rat Hippocampus: Role of Casein Kinase 2
AbstractChronic adenosine A1R stimulation in hypoxia leads to persistent hippocampal synaptic depression, while unopposed adenosine A2AR receptor stimulation during hypoxia/reperfusion triggers adenosine-induced post-hypoxia synaptic potentiation (APSP) and increased neuronal death. Still, the mechanisms responsible for this adenosine-mediated neuronal damage following hypoxia need to be fully elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that A1R and A2AR regulation by protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2) and clathrin-dependent endocytosis of AMPARs both contribute to APSPs and neuronal damage. The APSPs following a 20-min hypoxia...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 7, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Safinamide in neurological disorders and beyond: evidence from preclinical and clinical studies.
Abstract The discovery and development of safinamide, an alpha-aminoamide, has been a valuable addition to the existing clinical management of Parkinson's disease (PD). The journey of safinamide dates back to the year 1983, when an alpha-aminoamide called milacemide showed a weak anticonvulsant activity. Milacemide was then structurally modified to give rise to safinamide, which in turn produced robust anticonvulsant activity. The underlying mechanism behind this action of safinamide is attributed to the inhibition of voltage gated calcium and sodium channels. Moreover, owing to the importance of ion channels in m...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - December 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wasan H, Singh D, Kh R Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

NPD1 rapidly targets mitochondria-mediated apoptosis after acute injection protecting brain against ischemic injury.
Abstract Mitochondria-related cell death pathways play a major role in ischemic brain injury. Thus, mitochondrial "protective" molecules could be considered for new therapeutic regimens. We recently reported that acute administration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) triglyceride lipid emulsion, immediately after hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult, markedly attenuated brain infarct size. This was associated with an early change of DHA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) profiles. Specifically, DHA treatment induced a 50% increase of neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1) levels in ischemic brain. Based on these findings, we ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 7, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Zirpoli H, Sosunov SA, Niatsetskaya ZV, Mayurasakorn K, Kollareth DJM, Serhan CN, Ten VS, Deckelbaum RJ Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

The Multifaceted Role of Astrocyte Connexin 43 in Ischemic Stroke Through Forming Hemichannels and Gap Junctions
In this study, we review the changes in astrocytic Cx43 expression and distribution as well as the influence of these changes on the function of astrocytes and other cells in the CNS, providing new insight into the pathology of ischemic stroke injury; we also discuss the potential of astrocytic Cx43 as a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Carotid Calcium Volume and Stenosis after Stent Implantation
Internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis could be treated with stent placement. It was hypothesized that calcium amount could be predictive of vessel stenosis after stent placement. We utilised computed tomography (CT) angiography to quantify volume of calcium material in bulbar ICA.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Johannes Sebastian Mutzenbach, Lukas Machegger, Luis Rafael Moscote-Salazar, Monika Killer-Oberpfalzer, Erasmia M üller-Thies-Broussalis, Slaven Pikija Source Type: research

miR-134-5p inhibition reduces infarct-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via Creb1 upregulation
Patients presenting with symptoms related to acute coronary syndrome account for a total of 5% to 10% of all visits to the emergency department.1,2 However, the ability to accurately diagnose and treat patients that present with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is often challenging and time-consuming. Following AMI-induced ischemia, many pathological changes occur to the cardiomyocytes, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) overload, calcium dyshomeostasis, metabolic dysfunction, and cell death.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Jibin Yang, Shiwen Liu, Hao Wang, Ying Liu, Yong Liu Source Type: research

Migratory hyperdense posterior cerebral artery sign following intravenous thrombolysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence of posterior cerebral artery hyperdensity is a rare radiological finding associated with an increased volume of ischaemic stroke. A computed tomography scan of the head in the acute phase is essential to try to clarify its causation. Calcium emboli are an under-diagnosed cause of stroke and occur spontaneously in a large proportion of cases. If calcium embolism is suspected, a study must be conducted in search of a carotid, valvular or aortic arch pathology. Migration of the arterial hyperdensity towards distal is associated with a better prognosis. This case presented good progress in contrast to the...
Source: Revista de Neurologia - May 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Mínguez-Sabater H, Domingo-Monge FJ, Parra-Martínez J Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

A Polyphenolic Complex Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption.
Abstract BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia causes strong inflammatory response. Neumentix is a dietary supplement containing 14.9% rosmarinic acid and 29.9% total phenolic content, which was proved to be beneficial against inflammatory response. Therefore, we investigated Neumentix's effect on anti-inflammatory and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model mice. METHODS: After the pretreatment of vehicle or Neumentix 134 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) (containing rosmarinic acid 20mg/kg/d) for 14 days, mice were subjected to tMCAO for 60 min and ke...
Source: Current Neurovascular Research - May 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bian Y, Yamashita T, Taira Y, Shang J, Tsunoda K, Feng T, Sasaki R, Liu X, Shi X, Tadokoro K, Nomura E, Matsumoto N, Osakada Y, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Hishikawa N, Ohta Y, Abe K Tags: Curr Neurovasc Res Source Type: research

p5 Peptide-Loaded Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Neurological Recovery After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in a Rat Model
In conclusion, administration of hADMSC-loaded p5 peptide to post-stroke rats created conditions that supported survival of drug-loaded hADMSCs after cerebral ischemia, suggesting its therapeutic potential in patients with stroke.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - May 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Molecular profile of the rat peri-infarct region four days after stroke: Study with MANF.
In this study, we examine the molecular profile of the peri-infarct region on post-stroke day four, time when reparative processes are ongoing. We used a multiomics approach, involving RNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry-based proteomics and metabolomics to characterize molecular changes in the peri-infarct region. We also took advantage of our previously developed method to express transgenes in the peri-infarct region where self-complementary adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors were injected into the brain parenchyma on post-stroke day 2. We have previously used this method to show that mesencephalic astrocyte-derived...
Source: Experimental Neurology - March 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Teppo J, Vaikkinen A, Stratoulias V, Mätlik K, Anttila JE, Smolander OP, Pöhö P, Harvey BK, Kostiainen R, Airavaara M Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Coronary Calcium Score for the Prediction of Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: The necessity for CAC evaluation could be determined based on the presence of risk factors and significant stenosis of the cervicocephalic arteries. CAC evaluation may be useful for screening for severe CAD in stroke patients.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Review on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
Semin Neurol DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702942Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a clinical–radiologic diagnosis that affects children and adolescents, but it is much more frequently reported in adults. Clinically, patients present with severe and commonly recurrent thunderclap headaches. Typical precipitating triggers include vasoactive substances, serotonergic agents, and the postpartum period. There may be associated neurologic complications at presentation or in the weeks following, such as convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage, stroke, cerebral edema, cervical artery dissection (CeAD), and seizures. Angio...
Source: Seminars in Neurology - February 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Qubty, William Irwin, Samantha Lee Fox, Christine K. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Prolactin attenuates global cerebral ischemic injury in rat model by conferring neuroprotection.
Conclusion: Prolactin is able to ameliorate ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat brain and might be a potent candidate for further neuro-therapeutics development. PMID: 32064956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - February 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

A calcium channel or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker regime to reduced blood pressure variability in acute ischaemic stroke (CAARBS): A feasibility trial
Trials of lowering blood pressure in patients with acute ischaemic stroke not undergoing thrombolysis have not demonstrated improved outcomes with intervention. Rather than absolute levels, it may be that blood pressure variability is important. However, there are no prospective randomised trials investigating the benefit of reducing blood pressure variability in this patient group.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - February 18, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: William J. Davison, Karen Appiah, Thompson G. Robinson, Iain J. McGurgan, Peter M. Rothwell, John F. Potter Source Type: research