• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Calcium and potassium channels in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage and transient global ischemia.
Authors: Kamp MA, Dibué M, Schneider T, Steiger HJ, Hänggi D Abstract Healthy cerebrovascular myocytes express members of several different ion channel families which regulate resting membrane potential, vascular diameter, and vascular tone and are involved in cerebral autoregulation. In animal models, in response to subarachnoid blood, a dynamic transition of ion channel expression and function is initiated, with acute and long-term effects differing from each other. Initial hypoperfusion after exposure of cerebral vessels to oxyhemoglobin correlates with a suppression of voltage-gated potassium channel activity...
Source: Stroke Research and Treatment - December 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Stroke Res Treat Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Magnesium treatment for neuroprotection in ischemic diseases of the brain
This article reviews experimental and clinical data on the use of magnesium as a neuroprotective agent in various conditions of cerebral ischemia. Whereas magnesium has shown neuroprotective properties in animal models of global and focal cerebral ischemia, this effect could not be reproduced in a large human stroke trial. These conflicting results may be explained by the timing of treatment. While treatment can be started before or early after ischemia in experimental studies, there is an inevitable delay of treatment in human stroke. Magnesium administration to women at risk for preterm birth has been investigated in sev...
Source: Experimental and Translational Stroke Medicine - April 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Impact of Heme and Heme Degradation Products on Vascular Diameter in Mouse Visual Cortex Stroke
Conclusions We identified individual components of the oxidative bilirubin degradation that led to vasoconstriction of cerebral arterioles. The vasoconstrictive effect of Z-BOX A and Z-BOX B was mediated by BKCa channel activity that might represent a signaling pathway in the occurrence of delayed cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 28, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joerk, A., Seidel, R. A., Walter, S. G., Wiegand, A., Kahnes, M., Klopfleisch, M., Kirmse, K., Pohnert, G., Westerhausen, M., Witte, O. W., Holthoff, K. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/ Recovery-Induced Injury in an in vitro Model of Neurovascular Unit
Conclusions Despite the above limitations, we indicate that the protective mechanism of CTs against OGD/R damage might exert via inhibiting neuron apoptosis and attenuating BBB disruption. Furthermore, we also clarified that CTs inhibited neuronal apoptosis possibly by blocking the activation of MAPK signaling pathways, and CTs alleviating BBB disruption may associated with the regulation of TJPs and MMP-9 in our experiment. Accordingly, CTs will represent a novel and potent candidate for the treatment of CIRI in the future. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of China�...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

White Matter Injury in Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Abstract Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a major cause of high morbidity, disability, and mortality in the field of neurovascular disease. Most previous SAH studies have focused on improving cerebral blood flow, reducing cerebral vasospasm, reducing neuronal calcium overload, and other treatments. While these studies showed exciting findings in basic science, therapeutic strategies based on the findings have not significantly improved neurological outcomes in patients with SAH. Currently, the only drug proven to effectively reduce the neurological defects of SAH patients is nimodipine. Current advances in imaging...
Source: Cell Transplantation - November 16, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Pang J, Peng J, Yang P, Kuai L, Chen L, Zhang JH, Jiang Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Nimodipine Reappraised: An Old Drug With a Future.
Abstract Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that blocks the flux of extracellular calcium through L-type, voltage-gated calcium channels. While nimodipine is FDA-approved for the prevention and treatment of neurological deficits in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), it affects myriad cell types throughout the body, and thus, likely has more complex mechanisms of action than simple inhibition of cerebral vasoconstriction. Newer understanding of the pathophysiology of delayed ischemic injury after a variety of acute neurologic injuries including aSAH, traumatic brain inj...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - September 26, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Carlson AP, Hänggi D, Macdonald RL, Shuttleworth CW Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Influence of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage on Nicotine-induced Contraction of the Rat Basilar Artery in Relation to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Calcium, and Potassium Channels
Conclusions: Nicotine-induced contraction of the rat basilar artery involved the CNS nAChR subfamily, skeletal muscle nAChR subfamily, and L-type Ca2+ channel pathways. SAH did not affect any of the subfamilies of nAChR, but the Ca2+ channel was reduced and the adenosine triphosphate–sensitive K+ channel was enhanced by SAH.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 4, 2011 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu Ji, Aimin Wang, Cristina C. Trandafir, Kazuyoshi Kurahashi Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Influence of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage on Nicotine-induced Contraction of the Rat Basilar Artery in Relation to Arachidonic Acid Metabolites Signaling Pathway
Conclusions: One week after exposure to SAH, PLC, sPLA2, and COX-2 activity were enhanced and cPLA2 activity was inhibited. One hour after exposure to SAH, PLC activity was enhanced and cPLA2 and iPLA2 activity was inhibited. Such changes of inflammatory arachidonic acid metabolites by smoking after SAH may play important roles in fatal cerebral circulatory disorders, suggesting important implications for the etiology and pathogenesis of SAH.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 3, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu Ji, Aimin Wang, Cristina C. Trandafir, Kazuyoshi Kurahashi Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Clevidipine: A Review of Its Use for Managing Blood Pressure in Perioperative and Intensive Care Settings
In conclusion, intravenous clevidipine is a valuable agent for the management of BP in perioperative and intensive care settings.
Source: Drugs - October 14, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Therapeutic hypothermia for acute brain injuries
Therapeutic hypothermia, recently termed target temperature management (TTM), is the cornerstone of neuroprotective strategy. Dating to the pioneer works of Fay, nearly 75 years of basic and clinical evidence support its therapeutic value. Although hypothermia decreases the metabolic rate to restore the supply and demand of O2, it has other tissue-specific effects, such as decreasing excitotoxicity, limiting inflammation, preventing ATP depletion, reducing free radical production and also intracellular calcium overload to avoid apoptosis. Currently, mild hypothermia (33°C) has become a standard in post-resuscitative care...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine - June 5, 2015 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Max AndresenJose GazmuriArnaldo MarínTomas RegueiraMaximiliano Rovegno Source Type: research

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Presenting With Visual Field Defects
Abstract: A 45-year-old woman with a history of depression and anxiety, treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), experienced acute, recurrent, and severe bifrontal headaches. Over time, she developed a left homonymous hemianopia and mental status changes. MRA revealed segmental vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries in multiple vascular distributions. She was treated with a calcium-channel blocker and magnesium, and there was resolution of her symptoms and cerebrovascular changes. Her clinical course and neuroimaging findings were consistent with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Although r...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology - June 1, 2016 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Clinical Observation Source Type: research

E-043 Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome: Non-invasive Imaging Findings and Angiographic Evaluation
We present indirect findings on non-invasive imaging, such as transient cerebral edema, convexal subarachnoid hemorrhage, intraparenchymal hemorrhage and cerebral. Direct signs of single or multivessel arterial vasoconstriction are seen on CTA, MRA and confirmed on DSA. Reversibility of the vasoconstriction is demonstrated after intra-arterial administration of calcium channel blocker. Conditions such as diffuse atherosclerotic arterial narrowing, vasculitis, posterior reversible encephalopathy, cerebral edema secondary to venous congestion and vasospasm secondary to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage were among the pathol...
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 28, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: de Macedo Rodrigues, K., Hito, R., Takhtani, D., Lozano, J., Wakhloo, A., Puri, A. Tags: Electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

Success of Intravenous Infusion of Verapamil for Refractory Vasospasm in aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (P2.291)
Conclusions:This report indicates that intravenous continuous infusion of verapamil may be used for rescue therapy in transiently responsive cerebral vasospasm to IA verapamil. This therapy did not seem to compromise hemodynamic stability or increase ICP.Disclosure: Dr. Mehta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kulhari has nothing to disclose. Dr. Z Arango has nothing to disclose. Dr. Suhan has nothing to disclose. Dr. DeCarvalho has nothing to disclose. Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kirmani has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mehta, S., Kulhari, A., Arango, A., Suhan, L., DeCarvalho, B., Patel, A., Kirmani, J. F. Tags: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Intracranial Aneurysm, and Other Cerebrovascular Malformations Source Type: research

Dihydrolipoic Acid Inhibits Lysosomal Rupture and NLRP3 Through Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein-1/Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II/TAK1 Pathways After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rat Basic Sciences
Conclusions—DHLA treatment improved neurofunction and alleviated inflammation through the lysosome-associated membrane protein-1/CaMKII/TAK1 pathway in early brain injury after SAH. DHLA may provide a promising treatment to alleviate early brain injury after SAH.
Source: Stroke - December 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Keren Zhou, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Zhiyi Xie, Chengmei Sun, Lingyun Wu, Jay Malaguit, Sheng Chen, Jiping Tang, Jianmin Zhang, John H. Zhang Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Inflammation, Ischemia, Mechanisms Original Contributions Source Type: research

Pages: 1  2