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Infectious Disease: Outbreaks

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Total 348 results found since Jan 2013.

Neurosurgery in times of a pandemic: a survey of neurosurgical services during the COVID-19 outbreak in the Veneto region in Italy.
CONCLUSIONS: This multicenter study describes the effects of a COVID-19 outbreak on neurosurgical activities in a vast region in Italy. Remodulation of neurosurgical activities has resulted in a significant reduction of elective and emergency surgeries compared to previous years. Most likely this is a combined result of cancellation of elective and postponable surgeries, increase of conservative management, increase in social restrictions, and in patients' fear of accessing hospitals. Curiously, only endovascular procedures for AIS have increased, possibly due to reduced physical activity or increased thrombosis in SARS-Co...
Source: Neurosurgical Focus - December 1, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Raneri F, Rustemi O, Zambon G, Del Moro G, Magrini S, Ceccaroni Y, Basso E, Volpin F, Cappelletti M, Lardani J, Ferraresi S, Guida F, Chioffi F, Pinna G, Canova G, d'Avella D, Sala F, Volpin L Tags: Neurosurg Focus Source Type: research

Modification of Acute Stroke Pathway in Korea After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the COVID-19 outbreak immediately affected the management process. However, it did not have a significant overall impact on the trends of stroke treatment processes and outcomes. The stroke management process should be modified according to changing situations for optimal acute management.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

COVID-19 Associated Ischemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke: Incidence, Potential Pathological Mechanism, and Management
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread around the world. Increasing evidence has suggested that patients with COVID-19 may present neurological symptoms, and cerebrovascular diseases are one of the most frequent comorbidities. The markedly elevated D-dimer levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce an inflammatory response and trigger a hypercoagulation state, thus leading to acute ischemic stroke. Cardioembolism and atherosclerosis in patients with COVID-19 infection may also increase the ri...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological manifestations in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Stroke is the most frequently reported neurological manifestation in COVID-19 and has the highest mortality rate. Neurological manifestations tend to develop one to two weeks after the onset of respiratory disease. There is significant morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 neurological manifestations. PMID: 33074036 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Injury - October 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

Slower recovery of outpatient clinics than inpatient services for stroke and other neurological diseases after COVID-19 Pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant drop of in-person outpatient visits and inpatient services. Clinic visits recovered slower than inpatient services in stroke and other neurological diseases after the pandemic. PMID: 33058536 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - October 15, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao J, Wang Y, Fisher M, Liu R Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

An Example of a Stroke Unit Reshaping in the Context of a Regional Hub and Spoke System in the COVID-19 Era
In conclusion, we were able to manage the new hub-and-spoke system safely and without significant delays. The reshaping of the SU was made possible by the significant reduction of out-patient activity. The consequences of this reduction are still unknown but eventually, this emergency will suggest ways to reconsider the management and the allocation of health system resources.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Johnson & Johnson Reports 2020 Third-Quarter Results
New Brunswick, N.J. (October 13, 2020) – Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) today announced results for third-quarter 2020. “Our third-quarter results reflect solid performance and positive trends across Johnson & Johnson, powered by better-than-expected procedure recovery in Medical Devices, growth in Consumer Health, and continued strength in Pharmaceuticals,” said Alex Gorsky, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “I am proud of the relentless passion and Credo-led commitment to patients and customers that our colleagues around the world continue to demonstrate as we boldly fight the COVID-19 pandemic. Our wo...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - October 13, 2020 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Our Company Source Type: news

Stroke and Novel Coronavirus Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: The occurrence of stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection is uncommon, but it may pose as an important prognostic marker and indicator of severity of infection, by causing large vessels occlusion and exhibiting a thrombo-inflammatory vascular picture. Physicians should be made aware and remain vigilant on the possible two-way relationship between stroke and COVID-19 infection. The rate of stroke among patients with COVID-19 infection may increase in the future as they share the common risk factors.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 17, Pages 6688: Neurological Complications of COVID-19 and Possible Neuroinvasion Pathways: A Systematic Review
Gemignani The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has shocked the whole world with its unexpected rapid spread. The virus responsible for the disease, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), enters host cells by means of the envelope spike protein, which binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors. These receptors are highly expressed in heart, lungs, respiratory tract epithelium, endothelial cells and brain. Since an increasing body of significant evidence is highlighting a possible neuroinvasion related to SARS-CoV-2, a state of the art on the neurological complications is n...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - September 13, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Graziella Orr ù Ciro Conversano Eleonora Malloggi Francesca Francesconi Rebecca Ciacchini Angelo Gemignani Tags: Review Source Type: research

The potential role of microvascular pathology in the neurological manifestations of coronavirus infection
We present the hypothesis that pre-existing vascular damage (due to aging, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension or other conditions) facilitates infiltration of the virus into the central nervous system (CNS), increasing neuro-inflammation and the likelihood o f neurological symptoms. We also discuss the role of a neuroinflammatory cytokine profile in both blood–brain barrier dysfunction and macrovascular disease (e.g. ischemic stroke and thromboembolism). Future studies are needed to better understand the involvement of the microvasculature in coronavi rus neuropathology, and to test the diagnostic potential o...
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 9, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Characteristics of Acute Stroke in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Challenges in Stroke Management during an Epidemic.
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic infection associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Korean city of Daegu endured the first large COVID-19 outbreak outside of China. Since the report of the first confirmed case in Daegu on February 18, 2020, a total of 6,880 patients have been reported until May 29, 2020. We experienced five patients with ischemic stroke and COVID-19 during this period in four tertiary hospitals in Daegu. The D-dimer levels were high in all three patients in whom D-dimer blood testing was performed. Multiple embolic infarctions were observed in three pati...
Source: J Korean Med Sci - September 6, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kwon DH, Do Y, Eun MY, Lee J, Park H, Sohn SI, Hong JH Tags: J Korean Med Sci Source Type: research

The potential impact of enhanced hygienic measures during the COVID-19 outbreak on hospital-acquired infections: A pragmatic study in neurological units
This study aimed to investigate if enhanced hygienic measures, including the systematic use of personal protective equipment (PPE), determined a decrease in HAI during the recent COVID-19 outbreak in “COVID-free” neurological units.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - August 28, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Biagio Orlando, Enrico Cocchi, Alessandra Morano, Francesco Fattapposta, Vittorio Di Piero, Danilo Toni, Maria R. Ciardi, Anna T. Giallonardo, Giovanni Fabbrini, Alfredo Berardelli, Carlo Di Bonaventura Tags: Clinical short communication Source Type: research

Post-traumatic stress disorder: a differential diagnostic consideration for COVID-19 survivors.
CONCLUSIONS: Heightened risk of PTSD occurred in MERS and SARS survivors. While data concerning COVID-19 is lacking, PTSD is known to occur in patient groups who undergo similar hospital courses, including ICU survivors, patients who are intubated and mechanically ventilated, and those that experience delirium. Research with patients who develop PTSD in the context of mild traumatic brain injury further suggests that PTSD may account for some or all of a patient's subjective cognitive complaints and neuropsychological test performance. Recommendations are provided for assessing PTSD in the context of COVID-19. PMID: 3...
Source: The Clinical Neuropsychologist - August 25, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kaseda ET, Levine AJ Tags: Clin Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: available evidences and a new paradigm
AbstractThe recent pandemic outbreak of coronavirus is pathogenic and a highly transmittable viral infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). In this time of ongoing pandemic, many emerging reports suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 has inimical effects on neurological functions, and even causes serious neurological damage. The neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 include headache, dizziness, depression, anosmia, encephalitis, stroke, epileptic seizures, and Guillain-Barre syndrome along with many others. The involvement of the CNS may be related with poor prognosis and disease wo...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - August 23, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Tackling challenges in care of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias amid the COVID-19 pandemic, now and in the future.
Authors: Mok VCT, Pendlebury S, Wong A, Alladi S, Au L, Bath PM, Biessels GJ, Chen C, Cordonnier C, Dichgans M, Dominguez J, Gorelick PB, Kim S, Kwok T, Greenberg SM, Jia J, Kalaria R, Kivipelto M, Naegandran K, Lam LCW, Lam BYK, Lee ATC, Markus HS, O'Brien J, Pai MC, Pantoni L, Sachdev P, Skoog I, Smith EE, Srikanth V, Suh GH, Wardlaw J, Ko H, Black SE, Scheltens P Abstract We have provided an overview on the profound impact of COVID-19 upon older people with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias and the challenges encountered in our management of dementia in different health-care settings, including hospital, o...
Source: The Journal of Alzheimers Association - August 14, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Alzheimers Dement Source Type: research