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Mindful Music Listening Aids Cognitive Recovery After Stroke
TUESDAY, May 14, 2019 -- Music listening interventions appear to be a promising approach to improving cognitive recovery following a stroke, according to a study recently published in the International Journal of Stroke. Satu Baylan, Ph.D., from the...
Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News - May 14, 2019 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Sestrin2 Overexpression Attenuates Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury in Rat by Increasing Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway-Mediated Angiogenesis
In this study the investigators examine the effects of Sesn2 on cerebral ischemia damage by increasing angiogenesis through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Healthy adult Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to photochemical cerebral ischemia while AAV injection was used to overexpress Sesn2. At five days after photochemical embolization, the investigators observed a reduction in neurological problems, decreased infarct volume, and diminished neuronal injury in the Sesn2 overexpression samples compared to the controls. To further explore these defensive mechanisms, the investigators also silenced Nrf2. While Sesn2, Nrf2...
Source: Neuroscience - May 12, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy
Conclusion and Future Perspectives Stem cell-based therapy is a promising alternative for stroke treatment. While stem cells from different sources, including induced PSC, ESC, MSC, and NSC, have been investigated, using NSC and enhancing the natural mechanisms is most appropriate for brain repair. In preclinical models of stroke, stem cell transplantation has led to positive outcomes through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms, many being mediated by the array of beneficial factors produced by the cells. Recent advances in cellular reprogramming have provided alternative sources of NSC to be investigated, allo...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effects of Neurotrophic Factors in Glial Cells in the Central Nervous System: Expression and Properties in Neurodegeneration and Injury
Conclusion and Future Aspects This review summarizes available NTF expression data, compiles existing evidence on the effects of glial NTF signaling in healthy conditions and in disease models (Figure 1), and highlights the importance of this topic for future studies. The relationship between NTFs and glia is crucial for both the developing and adult brain. While some of these factors, such as NT-3 and CNTF, have highly potent effects on gliogenesis, others like BDNF and GDNF, are important for glia-mediated synapse formation. Neurotrophic factors play significant roles during neurodegenerative disorders. In many cases, ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Neuroimmunology of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis
Conclusion Recent advances in research on HTLV-1 provide better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of HAM/TSP, and several clinical trials of novel therapies for patients with HAM/TSP have been initiated. However, long-term improvement of motor disability and quality of life still have not been achieved in HAM/TSP patients, and the clinical management remains challenging. Given that HAM/TSP is characterized by activated T-cells in both the periphery and CNS, studies in HAM/TSP will be highly informative for clarifying the pathogenesis of other neuroinflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis....
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Effectiveness of the Bobath concept in the treatment of stroke: a systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: The Bobath concept is not superior to other approaches for regaining mobility, motor control of the lower limb and gait, balance and activities of daily living of patients after stroke. There is moderate evidence regarding the superior results of other approaches in terms of the motor control and dexterity of the upper limb. Due to the limitations concerning the methodological quality of the studies, further well-designed studies are needed. Implications for rehabilitation The Bobath concept is not superior to other approaches for patients after stroke. The treatments that incorporate overuse of the affected u...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - April 23, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Díaz-Arribas MJ, Martín-Casas P, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R, Plaza-Manzano G Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Surgical need among the ageing population of Uganda
Conclusion: There is disproportionately high need for surgical care among the ageing population of Uganda with approximate- ly 700,000 consultations needed.Keywords: Surgical need, ageing population, Uganda.
Source: African Health Sciences - April 22, 2019 Category: African Health Source Type: research

Ethics and Bias in Clinical Trial Enrollment in Stroke
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo familiarize the reader with ethical concerns and potential scientific bias in management and conduction of clinical stroke trials.Recent FindingsThe goal of clinical trials in stroke is to find effective interventions for stroke prevention, acute treatment, and rehabilitation and recovery. Acute trials must be designed in the context of the time-sensitivity of revascularization therapies. Standard ethical constraints apply. However, informed consent is hindered by tight time windows for reperfusion therapy and frequent cognitive impairment in patients. These might be mitigated by using visual de...
Source: Current Cardiology Reports - April 21, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Current Therapeutic Management of Perinatal Stroke with a Focus on the Upper Limb: A Cross-Sectional Survey of UK Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists.
CONCLUSIONS: Assessment and provision of therapy services following perinatal stroke is variable. Increased use of standardized assessments and centralized data collection regarding service provision for high-risk infants is recommended. PMID: 30211625 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Physical Therapy - April 13, 2019 Category: Physiotherapy Authors: Marcroft C, Tsutsumi A, Pearse J, Dulson P, Embleton ND, Basu AP Tags: Phys Occup Ther Pediatr Source Type: research

President Slashes NIH Funding by 13 percent
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) would receive $34.4 billion in FY 2020, roughly $4.7 billion or 13 percent below the levels enacted by Congress for FY 2019, according to the President’s Budget released on March 11. The budget for NIH includes $492 million in funding made available through the 21st Century Cures Act and $150 million in mandatory funding. The leading biomedical research agency in the world would receive budget cuts across the board. All NIH centers are slated for budget reductions: National Cancer Institute: -8.7 percent National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: -14 percent National Inst...
Source: Public Policy Reports - March 19, 2019 Category: Biology Authors: AIBS Source Type: news

MRI measurements of iron content show impact of stroke
French researchers have taken a basic MR imaging technique to break new ground...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: Deep-learning MRI algorithm aids in neurological diagnoses CT matches MRI for late-window stroke evaluation Women less likely to receive poststroke imaging Is CCTA, MRI, or transthoracic echo best for predicting stroke? Study reveals steep cost of delaying stroke treatment
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - March 12, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Missed Serious Neurologic Conditions in Emergency Department Patients Discharged With Nonspecific Diagnoses of Headache or Back Pain
ConclusionA small proportion of ED patients discharged with nonspecific diagnoses of headache or back pain returned with a serious neurologic condition or inhospital death within 30 days.
Source: Annals of Emergency Medicine - February 22, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

The effect of cane height on walking and balance for stroke patients - Seo TH, Doo YT, Jung DI.
This study investigates the effects of using customized walking aids individualized for stroke patients by measuring the effects of different cane lengths to determine the ideal length of walking aids for stroke patients. METHODS: Cane leng...
Source: SafetyLit - February 19, 2019 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Age: Elder Adults Source Type: news

Evaluating the Effect of a Patient Decision Aid for Atrial Fibrillation Stroke Prevention Therapy.
Conclusion and Relevance: Our PDA was effective for reducing decisional conflict, increasing patient knowledge, eliciting patients' values, and presenting therapy options that aligned with patients' values and preferences. Using the PDA revealed that many patients have therapy preferences different from their currently prescribed treatment. The PDA is a practical and potentially valuable tool to facilitate decision making about stroke prevention therapy for AF. PMID: 30724102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Loewen PS, Bansback N, Hicklin J, Andrade JG, Kapanen AI, Kwan L, Lynd LD, McClean A, MacGillivray J, Salmasi S Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

NIBS to restore visual field deficit
Not surprisingly, the loss of visual function has a dramatic impact on an individuals quality of life and independence. Cortical visual field deficit is a well-known complication of stroke, with an incidence reported as at least 20% in stroke stroke patients. Traditional rehabilitation approaches include optical aids, eye training or visual field restitution therapies. All these techniques have shown large limitations in reducing scotoma and provide an insufficient amount of improvement transferable to the every-day life.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: E. Raffin Source Type: research