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Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Total 856 results found since Jan 2013.

Patients with hypertension and/or diabetes and incident stroke: A risk assessment
Sarfo et al. conducted a prospective study to evaluate the risk of hypertension and diabetes for incident stroke [1]. The authors recognized 54 events of stroke, and incidence rates (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of stroke per 1000 person-years in patients with diabetes and hypertension, only hypertension and only diabetes were 16.64 (10.58 –25.00), 13.77 (9.33–19.64) and 9.81 (3.59–21.74), respectively. In addition, adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of previous cigarette smoking and physical inactivity for incident stroke were 2.59 (1.18–5.67) and 1.81 (1.06–3.10).
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - December 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Tomoyuki Kawada Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Mitochondrial metabolic stroke: Phenotype and genetics of stroke-like episodes
Stroke-like episodes (SLEs) are the hallmark of mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episode (MELAS) syndrome but rarely occur also in other specific or nonspecific mitochondrial disorders. Pathophysiologically, SLLs are most likely due to a regional disruption of the blood-brain barrier triggered by the underlying metabolic defect, epileptic activity, drugs, or other factors. SLEs manifest clinically with a plethora of cerebral manifestations, which not only include features typically seen in ischemic stroke, but also headache, epilepsy, ataxia, visual impairment, vomiting, and psychiatric abnormalities.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - March 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Trends in stroke outcomes at hospital discharge in first-ever stroke patients: Observations from the Malaysia National Stroke Registry (2009 –2017)
Stroke outcomes could be a quality indicator across the continuum of care and inform stroke management policymaking. However, this topic has rarely to date been studied directly.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - April 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Xin Wee Chen, Mohd Nazri Shafei, Zariah Abdul Aziz, Norsima Nazifah Sidek, Kamarul Imran Musa Source Type: research

Fall risk in stroke survivors: Effects of stroke plus dementia and reduced motor functional capacity
Despite extensive research on falls among individuals with stroke, little is known regarding the impact of neurological conditions with comorbid diagnoses and motor functional capacity on the risk of falls in these individuals. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the fall risk and the contribution of reduced motor functional capacity to fall risk in individuals with stroke, dementia, and stroke plus dementia.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel Whitney, Aviroop Dutt-Mazumder, Mark D. Peterson, Chandramouli Krishnan Source Type: research

Five-year readmission and mortality differ by ischemic stroke subtype
Ischemic stroke subtype may influence the risk of readmission and mortality after ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) due to differences in comorbidity, risk factors, and stroke severity. We aimed to study the five-year incidence and risk of all-cause readmission, cause-specific readmission and mortality after IS or TIA by stroke subtype.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Anna Therese Bjerkreim, Andrej Netland Khanevski, Lars Thomassen, Henriette Aurora Selvik, Ulrike Waje-Andreassen, Halvor Naess, Nicola Logallo Source Type: research

Urinary tract infection after stroke: A narrative review
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections seen in patients hospitalized for acute stroke, resulting in greater utilization of hospital resources in addition to patient discomfort. Although post-stroke infections (PSIs) are commonly referenced for interference with stroke recovery as well as associations with worse clinical outcome, factors associated specifically with UTI after stroke remain unclear.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Colin Smith, Eyad Almallouhi, Wayne Feng, Wuwei Feng Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Incidence, characteristics and outcomes in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source: A population-based study
Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) represents a subgroup of cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CS) distinguished by high probability of an underlying embolic mechanism. There are scarce population-based data regarding the incidence, characteristics and outcomes of ESUS. Consecutive patients included with first-ever ischemic stroke of undetermined cause in the previously published population-based Evros Stroke Registry were further subdivided into ESUS and non-ESUS CS. Crude and adjusted [according to the European Standard Population (ESP), WHO and Segi population] incidence rates (IR) for ESUS and non-ESUS CS were calculated.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Georgios Tsivgoulis, Odysseas Kargiotis, Aristeidis H. Katsanos, Athanasia Patousi, Dimitris Mavridis, Sofia Tsokani, Maria Pikilidou, Theodosis Birbilis, Michael Mantatzis, Christina Zompola, Sokratis Triantafyllou, Nikolaos Papanas, Panagiotis Skendros, Source Type: research

Acute stroke rehabilitation for gait training with cyborg type robot Hybrid Assistive Limb: A pilot study
Robot-assisted gait training following acute stroke could allow patients with severe disability to receive a high dosage and intensity of gait training compared with conventional physical therapy (CP). However, given the limited data on gauging the efficacy of Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) on gait training in patients with acute stroke, we aimed to evaluate several outcome measures following gait training with HAL. Patients with first-ever stroke, who required a walking aid and were able to start gait training within 1  week of stroke onset were included in the current study.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - July 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Chiaki Yokota, Yukio Yamamoto, Masatoshi Kamada, Michikazu Nakai, Kunihiro Nishimura, Daisuke Ando, Takeo Sato, Masatoshi Koga, Masafumi Ihara, Kazunori Toyoda, Yasuyuki Fujimoto, Hirotaka Odani, Kazuo Minematsu, Takashi Nakajima Source Type: research

Deiodinases, organic anion transporter polypeptide polymorphisms and ischemic stroke outcomes
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of premature death and chronic disability worldwide, and individual variation in functional outcome is strongly influenced by genetic factors. Neuroendocrine signaling by the hypothalamic −hypophyseal−thyroid axis is a critical regulator of post-stroke pathogenesis, suggesting that allelic variants in thyroid hormone (TH) signaling can influence stroke outcome.Aim: To examine associations between acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcome and allelic variants of the TH metabolizing enzy mes deiodinase type 1–3 (DIO1–3) and membrane transporting organic anion polypeptide C1 (OATP1C1).
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - September 10, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Saulius Taroza, Daiva Rastenyt ė, Aurelija Podlipskytė, Vaiva Patamsytė, Narseta Mickuvienė Source Type: research

MAMBO: Measuring ambulation, motor, and behavioral outcomes with post-stroke fluoxetine in Tanzania: Protocol of a phase II clinical trial
Sub-Saharan Africa has a high stroke incidence and post-stroke morbidity. An inexpensive pharmacological treatment for stroke recovery would be beneficial to patients in the region. Fluoxetine, currently on the World Health Organization Essential Medicines List, holds promise as a treatment for motor recovery after ischemic stroke, but its effectiveness is controversial and untested in this context in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - November 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: AndreC. Vogel, Kigocha Okeng'o, Faraja Chiwanga, Seif Sharif Ismail, Deus Buma, Lindsay Pothier, Farrah J. Mateen Source Type: research

Large vessel occlusion stroke due to dislodged aortic valve calcification revealed by imaging and histopathology
The search for aetiology in ischemic stroke represents one of the most challenging, costly and critical issues to set up adequate secondary prevention strategies. However, despite extensive clinical examinations, up to one-third of ischemic strokes have no established cause (cryptogenic stroke) [1]. In patients with two or more potential risk factors for stroke, final aetiology often cannot be properly defined. Moreover, even when a major risk factor is present, e.g., atrial fibrillation or atherosclerotic vessel stenosis, stroke aetiology often remains presumptive.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - November 6, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Genchi, G. Schwarz, A. Semerano, M. Callea, F. Sanvito, F. Simionato, P. Panni, F. Scomazzoni, C. Doglioni, G. Comi, A. Falini, F. Ancona, M. Filippi, L. Roveri, M. Bacigaluppi Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Metabolic stroke or stroke-like lesion: Peculiarities of a phenomenon
One of the most frequent cerebral lesions in mitochondrial disorders(MIDs) on imaging is the stroke-like lesion(SLL) clinically manifesting as stroke-like episode (SLE, metabolic stroke). This review aims at discussing recent advances concerning the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of SLLs.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - February 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer, Rahim Aliyev Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

The role of cerebral microbleeds in the incidence of post-stroke dementia
Microbleeds are a marker of cerebrovascular disease however its role in incident post-stroke dementia (PSD) remains unclear. We investigated whether microbleeds are associated with incident PSD, domain-specific cognitive impairment and cognitive decline over a 2-year follow-up; and whether microbleeds interact with acute stroke-related infarcts to synergistically affect cognitive outcomes. In a cohort of patients with first-episode mild ischemic stroke and no pre-stroke dementia, we found patients with 3 or more mixed microbleeds (presence of both lobar and deep) were 4 times more at risk of developing PSD compared to pati...
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - February 14, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Chathuri Yatawara, Anne Cristine Guevarra, Kok Pin Ng, Russell Chander, Bonnie Yin Ka Lam, Adrian Wong, Vincent Mok, Nagaendran Kandiah Source Type: research

Risk of recurrent ischemic stroke in young cryptogenic patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source
Elderly cryptogenic ischemic stroke (IS) patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) have a high risk of recurrent IS (RIS) compared to other stroke subtypes. In young ESUS patients, different sources of embolism may be a cause and the risk of RIS remains not enough established. The aim was to assess and compare risk of RIS between ESUS and non ESUS patients
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - June 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniel Šaňák, Petra Divišová, Martin Hutyra, Michal Král, Andrea Bártková, Jana Zapletalová, Jan Látal, Tomáš Dorňák, Štěpán Hudec, David Franc, Petr Polidar, Tomáš Veverka, Petr Kaňovský Source Type: research

Validation of the self-rated dimensional apathy scale in community stroke survivors
Apathy, a disorder of motivation observed in up to 40% of stroke survivors, is negatively associated with stroke rehabilitation outcomes. Different apathy subtypes have been identified in other conditions, but there is currently no validated multidimensional measure of post-stroke apathy (PSAp). The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) assesses apathy across three subtypes: Executive, Emotional and Initiation apathy. The aim was to determine if the DAS is a valid and reliable tool to detect and characterise apathy in stroke.
Source: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - December 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Pernille Myhre, Ratko Radakovic, Catherine Ford Source Type: research