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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
ID 381 – Functional neuroimaging study of patients with disorders of consciousness. Value of default mode network (DMN)
Resting FMRI allows estimation the neural networks activation, connectivity in the brain with present or absent evidence of consciousness. Patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) show selective activation of the default mode network (DMN) as consciousness level increases. The study aim was to evaluate the DMN activation parameters in patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and minimal consciousness state (MCS). Material and methods: 4 patients with DOC: 1-anoxic, 1-traumatic, 1-hemorrhagic stroke, 1-acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: L. Legostaeva, E. Zmeykina, E. Kremneva, A. Poydasheva, A. Chervyakov, D. Sergeev, I. Sychev, J. Ryabinkina, N. Suponeva, M. Piradov Source Type: research
ID 312 – Sensorimotor modulation by botulinum Toxin A in post-stroke arm spasticity: Passive hand movement
The aim of the study was to locate brain activation changes in stroke patients treated with Botulinum Toxin A (BoNT) for arm spasticity using functional MRI (fMRI).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Hok, T. Veverka, P. Hlustik, A. Krobot, P. Kanovsky Source Type: research
ID 290 – Differences in sleep microstate curves among healthy sleepers and patients after stroke
Sleep deprivation, whether from disorder or lifestyle, poses a significant risk in daytime performance. Ischemic stroke resulting in cerebral lesions is a well-known acute disorder that leaves affected patients strongly vulnerable to sleep disturbances that often lead to the above-mentioned impairments. The aim of this study is to identify objective sleep patterns being potential sources of disturbed sleep in stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Z. Rošt‘áková, R. Rosipal Source Type: research
ID 127 – Small world characteristics of cortical connectivity in acute stroke
After cerebral ischemia, disruption and subsequent reorganization of functional connections occur both locally and remote to the lesion. Recently, brain complexity has been described using the graph theory, an elegant approach which depicts important properties of complex systems by quantifying topologies of network representations. We tested whether ischemic stroke may determine changes in smallworldness of cortical networks as measured by cortical sources of EEG.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Caliandro, F. Vecchio, F. Miraglia, C. Iacovelli, G. Della Marca, G. Lacidogna, G. Reale, N. Di Giannantoni, L. Padua, P.M. Rossini Source Type: research
ID 126 – Cortical connectivity and lesion volumes correlation in acute stroke patients: A study via graph theory from EEG data
Functional connectivity is essential for brain functions. Focal brain lesions could have important remote effects on the functions of distant brain regions even if outside the damaged area. Network dysfunction may contribute to neurological deficits observed for example after stroke. We explored how functional network characteristics, measured via EEG recordings, correlate with the lesion volume on MRI.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Vecchio, P. Caliandro, F. Miraglia, F. Piludu, C. Iacovelli, G. Lacidogna, G. Reale, C. Colosimo, P.M. Rossini Source Type: research
ID 243 – Enhancement of cortical excitability in stroke patients after combined repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation
To determine the effect of combined repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) on cortical excitability in stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Kuznietsova, N. Skachkova, O. Semonova Source Type: research
ID 131 – The use of continuous theta-burst repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke
To investigate the therapeutic effects of continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Argun, A. Soysal, B. Ciftci Kavaklioglu, B. Guveli, D. Ataklı Source Type: research
Ascending vestibular drive is asymmetrically distributed to the inferior oblique motoneuron pools in a subset of hemispheric stroke survivors
Spasticity is a frequent and often disabling sequel to hemispheric stroke (Watkins et al., 2002; Urban et al., 2010; Wissel et al., 2013). It is characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in the resistance of a limb to passive stretch, coupled with exaggerated tendon jerks resulting from hyperexcitability of the segmental reflex arc (Dietz and Sinkjaer, 2007; Lance, 1980). The etiology of spasticity is complex, and while emerging evidence implicates changes in motoneuron excitability (i.e., decreased reflex threshold; spontaneous motoneuron firing at sub-threshold levels) as central to the genesis of post-stroke spasti...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Derek M. Miller, James F. Baker, W. Zev Rymer Source Type: research
Symmetry of corticomotor input to plantarflexors influences the propulsive strategy used to increase walking speed post-stroke
Following stroke, the majority of survivors are unable to regain sufficient walking function to allow for ambulation at speeds that are safe and effective for community function and participation (van de Port et al., 2008). In addition to typically slower walking speeds compared to neurologically-intact individuals, persons post-stroke are left with a reduced capacity to increase walking speeds (van de Port et al., 2008). The ability to modulate walking speed is clinically meaningful because it underlies an individual’s capacity for safe and effective community function (Jonkers et al., 2009; van de Port et al., 2008).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 12, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jacqueline A. Palmer, HaoYuan Hsiao, Louis N. Awad, Stuart A. Binder-Macleod Source Type: research
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for rehabilitation of post-stroke dysphagia: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Dysphagia is a common and potential fatal complication following stroke (Martino et al., 2005). It afflicts a great number of patients with hemispheric stroke (Martino et al., 2005) and brainstem infarction (Horner et al., 1991). Post-stroke dysphagia is associated with an increased risk for mortality, and it may lead to severe complications including malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration pneumonia (Teasell et al., 1994; Dziewas et al., 2004; Martino et al., 2005). Most patients recover from dysphagia within a few weeks, but the extent of recovery in swallowing varies widely from patient to patient.(Martino et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Juan Du, Fang Yang, Ling Liu, Jingze Hu, Biyang Cai, Wenhua Liu, Gelin Xu, Xinfeng Liu Source Type: research
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for rehabilitation of poststroke dysphagia: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Dysphagia is a common and potentially fatal complication following stroke (Martino et al., 2005). It afflicts a large number of patients with hemispheric stroke (Martino et al., 2005) and brain-stem infarction (Horner et al., 1991). Poststroke dysphagia is associated with an increased risk of mortality, and it may lead to severe complications including malnutrition, dehydration, and aspiration pneumonia (Teasell et al., 1994; Dziewas et al., 2004; Martino et al., 2005). Most patients recover from dysphagia within a few weeks, but the extent of recovery of swallowing varies widely from patient to patient (Martino et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Juan Du, Fang Yang, Ling Liu, Jingze Hu, Biyang Cai, Wenhua Liu, Gelin Xu, Xinfeng Liu Source Type: research
Adult onset ictal aphasia with epileptic discharges in Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
Aphasia can sometimes present with epileptic seizures, especially in temporal lobe epilepsy affecting the dominant hemisphere. Child-onset epilepsy with aphasia is known as Landau-Kleffner Syndrome (Caraballo et al., 2014), whereas adult-onset epilepsy presenting with aphasia is quite rare, as aphasia more often presents with stroke in adult patients. Here we describe a patient with adult-onset epilepsy exhibiting ictal aphasia, and whose epileptic discharges were detected by magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the motor and sensory speech areas.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 19, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shin-ichi Tokushige, Yasuo Terao, Naohiro Uchio, Shoji Tsuji, Masato Yumoto Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Descending neural drives to ankle muscles during gait and their relationships with clinical functions in patients after stroke
Gait is a fundamental component of human daily life. Patients who have suffered central nervous system (CNS) lesions that impair descending motor pathways have difficulty walking independently (Dietz et al., 1995; Jørgensen et al., 1995; Rossignol, 2000). Thus, walking in humans depends on the integrated action of hierarchical levels of supraspinal and spinal neural control (Nielsen, 2003; Yang and Gorassini, 2006), within which the contributions of the primary motor cortex and corticospinal tract are particularly important (Barthélemy et al., 2011; Petersen et al., 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 3, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ryosuke Kitatani, Koji Ohata, Yumi Aga, Yuki Mashima, Yu Hashiguchi, Masanori Wakida, Ayaka Maeda, Shigehito Yamada Source Type: research
Evoked potentials as predictors of adverse outcomes after intracranial vascular procedures
Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring (NIOM) as a discipline struggles with outcome study design because of the ethical prohibition against placing patients in harm’s way. Now that NIOM has gained general acceptance based upon certain outcome reports, case series, historical controls, animal literature, an understanding of the physiology, and community acceptance, one cannot reasonably justify classical randomized controlled scientific study designs that risk stroke or paraplegia in the unmonitored arm.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marc R. Nuwer Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with chronic hand motor impairment after stroke
This study investigated the combined effects of anodal tDCS and intensive motor training (MT) vs. sham stimulation with MT (control intervention) on grip strength, motor performance and functional use of the affected arm.A total of 14 patients were randomly assigned to active stimulation treatment or a control intervention in a double-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel design. Each group received intensive MT for 45min/day, 5days/week, for 2weeks, preceded by 20min of 2mA anodal tDCS over the ipsilesional M1 vs.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: N.V. Ilić, S. Milanović, E. Dubljanin-Raspopović, U. Nedeljković, T.V. Ilić Source Type: research
