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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.

P06-Cortical somatosensory processing after botulinum toxin therapy in post-stroke spasticity
In movement disorders, neurophysiology and functional MRI demonstrated abnormalities of sensorimotor processing, responding to peripheral botulinum toxin A (BoNT) treatment. We used Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) to assess spasticity and median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) to study changes in sensorimotor cortical areas after BoNT therapy of post-stroke arm spasticity.Seventeen patients (10 men, 7 women, average age 60.2  years) with post-stroke arm spasticity were treated with BoNT into the affected muscles.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 13, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Hlu štík, T. Veverka, P. Hok, P. Otruba, A. Krobot, J. Zapletalová, P. Kaňovský Source Type: research

Symmetry of cortical planning for initiating stepping in sub-acute stroke
After stroke, many people exhibit altered movement patterns making normal performance of balance and walking difficult (Duncan et al., 1992). However, the influence of motor planning on performance of balance and walking post-stroke is not well understood. Motor planning is defined as the integration of sensory afferent information (Ghez et al., 1997), such as limb position and muscle force (Kandel et al., 2000), with a functional goal (Zimmermann et al., 2012) to generate a movement (Peters et al., 2015).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 4, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sue Peters, Tanya Ivanova, Bimal Lakhani, Lara A Boyd, W Richard Staines, Todd C Handy, S. Jayne Garland Source Type: research

Finger Strength, Individuation, and their Interaction: Relationship to Hand Function and Corticospinal Tract Injury after Stroke
Many activities of daily living require dexterous use of the fingers, such as opening a door, buttoning a shirt, and holding a fork. Such activities often become more effortful and slower after a stroke, and sometimes impossible to achieve with the hemiparetic hand. Thus, approximately 50% of the 700,000 individuals who survive a stroke each year in the U.S. have persistent upper extremity impairment (Dobkin, 1996; Heller et al., 1987; Ma et al., 2014; Warabi et al., 1990). Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause reduced hand function is essential for targeting stroke therapies.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 3, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Eric T. Wolbrecht, Justin B. Rowe, Vicky Chan, Morgan L. Ingemanson, Steven C. Cramer, David J. Reinkensmeyer Source Type: research

Interhemispheric motor interactions in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke: Clinical correlates and effects of neuromodulation therapy
Perinatal ischemic stroke (PS) is the occlusion of arteries or veins that results in cerebral damage between 20 weeks gestation and 28 days of life (Raju, 2007; Nelson and Lynch, 2004). PS is common, occurring in>1:3000 live births, and accounts for most hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP) (Kirton and DeVeber, 2013). Children with PS-induced hemiparetic CP typically manifest motor asymmetry and early hand preference in the first 4-6 months of life (Kirton et al., 2010b). How the motor system develops following such early unilateral brain injury is increasingly defined by animal (Martin et al., 2007) and human (Eyre, 2007; Staudt, 2007) studies.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 25, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Derek Eng, Ephrem Zewdie, Patrick Ciechanski, Omar Damji, Adam Kirton Source Type: research

Bilateral early activity in the hip flexors associated with Falls in Stroke Survivors: Preliminary evidence from laboratory-induced falls
Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the US with an additional 800,000 incidents occurring each year (CDC, 2012). Falls present a major risk for stroke survivors, 40% of whom experience a serious fall within their first year (Persson et al., 2011). Up to 69% of falls by stroke survivors result in injuries. Despite the importance of the problem, there is surprisingly little information about what factors contribute to falls in stroke survivors. With few exceptions, the literature has focused on relating metrics of post-stroke static balance (where stepping did not occur) and impairment (clinical scores) to fall outc...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 20, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Dmitrijs Celinskis, Mark D. Grabiner, Claire F. Honeycutt Source Type: research

35. Association of robot-assisted rehabilitation and non-invasive brain stimulation to improve upper limb function in chronic stroke patients
Previous studies suggested that both robotic rehabilitation and non-invasive brain stimulation could produce improvement in chronic stroke patients. It is still unknown whether their combination can produce synergistic effects. We designed a proof-of-principle, double-blinded, semi-randomized, sham-controlled trial to assess the safety and efficacy of this combination.Twenty severe upper limb-impaired chronic stroke patients were randomized to robot-assisted therapy associated with real or sham cTBS, delivered for 10 working days.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Capone, G. Di Pino, G. Pellegrino, L. Florio, L. Zollo, D. Simonetti, F. Ranieri, N. Brunelli, M. Corbetto, S. Miccinilli, M. Bravi, S. Milighetti, E. Guglielmelli, S. Sterzi, V. Di Lazzaro Source Type: research

34. A case of takotsubo syndrome induced by seizures. Review of letterature
We describe a patient who developed TTS after recurrent seizures.A 78years old man with parossistic atrial fibrillation and epilepsy symptomatic of previous ischemic stroke was hospitalized for relapsing of repeated partial seizures.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Mazzoli, E. Fallica, E. Cesnik, V. Govoni, V. Rispoli, E. Contaldi, V. Tugnoli Source Type: research

26. A randomized controlled cross-over double blind study protocol on THC/CBD oromucosal spray as an add-on therapy for post-stroke spasticity
Understand if cannabinoids (THC:CBD) are useful in reducing post-stroke spasticity using a neurophysiological quantitative measure as primary endpoint.We will recruit 50 patients with spasticity following stroke to take THC:CBD in a double blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Spasticity will be assessed with a numeric rating scale for spasticity, the modified Ashworth scale and with the electromyographic recording of the stretch reflex. The cardiovascular risk will be assessed prior to inclusion.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: L. Marinelli, M. Balestrino, L. Mori, L. Puce, G. Rosa, L. Giorello, A. Curr à, F. Fattapposta, C. Serrati, C. Gandolfo, G. Abbruzzese, C. Trompetto Source Type: research

Oxyneurography: A non-invasive NIRS technique to measure nerve oxygenation
Few people doubt the importance of cerebral blood flow integrity for the preservation of neural tissue. Blood flow compromise, causing a cerebro-vascular accident (CVA), results in nervous tissue damage or stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 11, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Joe F. Jabre Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Revisiting interhemispheric imbalance in chronic stroke: a tDCS study
The immense burden of stroke-related disability has led to the development of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a possible approach to augment neurorehabilitation of the paretic upper limb (Ackerley et al., 2010). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a polarity-dependent neuromodulatory technique that has demonstrated some benefit to motor function at the chronic stage (>6 months) post stroke, but effect sizes have varied (Jacobson et al., 2012; Kang et al., 2015).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 28, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alana B McCambridge, James W Stinear, Winston D Byblow Source Type: research

Behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor skill learning in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis
Skilled actions of daily life such as reaching across a busy table to pick a coffee mug are often performed with accurate, yet fast and efficient arm movements. Such complex skilled actions require optimization of speed and accuracy; and rely on efficient planning and execution (Begliomini et al., 2014; Fang et al., 2015; Orban de Xivry et al., 2017; Stewart et al., 2013). Following a neurological insult such as stroke, skilled arm movements are greatly impaired in the paretic (weaker) arm such that task performance is slow, inaccurate and fragmented (Cirstea et al., 2003; Levin, 1996; Liu et al., 2013; Shaikh et al., 2014...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 25, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shailesh Kantak, Robert McGrath, Nazaneen Zahedi, Dustin Luchmee Source Type: research

Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves adaptive postural control
Adaptive postural control is essential for almost all aspects of every day life. Impaired postural control results in substantial functional limitations in advanced age (Maki and McIlroy, 1996) and in pathological ageing conditions like stroke (Beyaert et al., 2015), Parkinson ’s disease (Schoneburg et al., 2013) or multiple sclerosis (Huisinga et al., 2012). Although rehabilitation and conditioning programs have shown promising results in recovery of postural control, those interventions are typically time and cost intensive and may only yield moderate effects (Howard- Wilsher et al., 2016; Smania et al., 2011; Yitayeh and Teshome, 2016).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 20, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Peter Poortvliet, Billie Hsieh, Andrew Cresswell, Jacky Au, Marcus Meinzer Source Type: research

Corticomuscular coherence in the acute and subacute phase after stroke
Stroke results from critically reduced blood flow to the brain tissue due to bleeding or obstruction of arteries. Globally, stroke remains a major cause of disability despite advances in preventive treatment and in acute management (Hankey, 2017). The most common impairment caused by stroke is motor disability affecting approximately 80% of the patients, most frequently seen as hemiparesis (Langhorne et al., 2009). Spontaneous recovery may occur in the following weeks and months after stroke and can be facilitated through rehabilitation involving exercise (Maulden et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 22, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lisbeth Hoejkjaer Larsen, Ivan Chrilles Zibrandtsen, Troels Wienecke, Troels Wesenberg Kjaer, Mark Schram Christensen, Jens Bo Nielsen, Henning Langberg Source Type: research

P 69 Assessing the relation between brain structure and function during motor imagery in stroke patients and controls using EEG and MRI
Motor imagery (MI) training, in particular in combination with EEG-based neurofeedback (MI-NF), has been suggested as a potential add-on therapy for rehabilitation of upper limb motor impairments after stroke. Most MI-NF implementations are based on the event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the 8 –30Hz frequency range that is typically observed over sensorimotor areas during motor execution and imagination. The amplitude and consistency of the ERD depends, among other things, on brain structure and function during motor imagery (e.g., Halder et al., 2013; Zich et al., 2015).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. Meekes, S. Debener, C. Zich, C. Kranczioch Tags: Poster Source Type: research

P 68 Novel control concepts and motor re-learning strategy in neurorehabilitation – practically-oriented approach
Persons suffering from functional impairment, due to cerebral palsy, stroke, or Parkinson ’s, often have not reached their full potential for recovery which often is a reason for injures and loss of life due to fall. Motor skill learning and retention of motor skills can be enhanced if a patient assumes control over practice conditions, e.g. timing of exercise instructions and feedback . In our study, we follow a novel conceptual framework (Despotova and Kiriazov, 2015) for optimal control learning of goal-directed motion tasks, like reaching, standing up and walking.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 8, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Despotova, P. Kiriazov Tags: Poster Source Type: research