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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
What is the optimal task difficulty for reinforcement learning of brain self-regulation?
Neurofeedback and brain-interface technology are being increasingly applied in fields of research aiming to restore upper-limb functionality in stroke survivors. Greater gains are currently being achieved by subacute (Pichiorri et al., 2015) than by chronic patients (Ang et al., 2014). On the basis of the neurophysiological correlates of motor imagery (Kaiser et al., 2011) and motor cortex excitability (Takemi et al., 2013; Kraus et al., 2016a), such as modulation of β-power (15–30Hz), these devices may provide an effective backdoor to the motor system (Sharma 2006; Bauer et al., 2015), particularly when the subject rec...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 23, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Robert Bauer, Mathias Vukeli ć, Alireza Gharabaghi Source Type: research
Resolution of cerebral pathophysiology immediately following thrombectomy in acute ischaemic stroke: Monitoring via quantitative EEG
Quantitative EEG (QEEG) has demonstrated value in assessment of cerebral pathophysiology following acute ischaemic stroke (AIS; e.g., (Finnigan et al., 2013). Various reports indicate that EEG/QEEG can promptly detect cerebral responses to successful reperfusion therapy, even when this cannot be assessed clinically (Finnigan et al., 2006; de Vos et al., 2008, Finnigan et al., 2013). Additionally QEEG can indicate lack of favourable response to therapy, (e.g. unsuccessful alteplase) and may help expedite decisions regarding intra-arterial interventions (e.g.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Emma Schleiger, Andrew Wong, Stephen Read, Alan Coulthard, Simon Finnigan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Improved cerebral pathophysiology immediately following thrombectomy in acute ischaemic stroke: Monitoring via quantitative EEG
Quantitative EEG (QEEG) has demonstrated value in assessment of cerebral pathophysiology following acute ischaemic stroke (AIS; e.g., Finnigan and van Putten, 2013). Various reports indicate that EEG/QEEG can promptly detect cerebral responses to successful reperfusion therapy, even when this cannot be assessed clinically (Finnigan et al., 2006; de Vos et al., 2008, Finnigan and van Putten, 2013). Additionally QEEG can indicate lack of favourable response to therapy, (e.g. unsuccessful alteplase) and may help expedite decisions regarding intra-arterial interventions (e.g.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 9, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Emma Schleiger, Andrew Wong, Stephen Read, Alan Coulthard, Simon Finnigan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
A Dilemma in Stroke Application: Standard or Modified Motor Unit Number Index?
The recent advent of motor unit number index (MUNIX) technique has provided a convenient and clinically applicable approach to estimating motor unit population changes in a muscle (Nandedkar et al., 2004, 2010). It uses compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and surface electromyogram (EMG) at different voluntary contraction levels to produce an index associated with motor unit number changes in the muscle. Compared with laborious motor unit number estimation (MUNE) techniques, the MUNIX protocol is easy and quick to implement and can minimize discomforts caused by electrical stimuli.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 27, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ping Zhou, Xiaoyan Li, Sheng Li, Sanjeev D. Nandedkar Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Functional and structural cortical characteristics after restricted focal motor cortical infarction evaluated at chronic stage – indications from a preliminary study
Motor disability is among the most common consequences of ischemic stroke. Following focal ischemic damage, the reorganization of the cortical functions begins (Ward and Cohen, 2004). Some initial improvement after the acute phase occurs due to resolution of the perilesional edema and recovery of other tissue functions surviving the ischemia (Hallett, 2001). However, it is thought that the long-term recovery occurs primarily due to brain plasticity through functional and structural reorganization (Hallett, 2001; Hodics et al., 2006).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 24, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Petro Julkunen, Sara Määttä, Laura Säisänen, Elisa Kallioniemi, Mervi Könönen, Pekka Jäkälä, Ritva Vanninen, Selja Vaalto Source Type: research
Changes in electrocorticographic beta frequency components precede spreading depolarization in patients with acute brain injury
Spreading depolarization (SD) occurs during the first two weeks after traumatic brain injury (TBI), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), malignant hemispheric stroke (MHS) and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In patients with SAH, focal clusters of SDs are observed in brain areas where new ischemia occurs. After SAH and TBI, SDs are associated with DIND (delayed ischemic neurological deficit) and worsened outcome (Dreier et al. 2006; Dreier et al. 2011; Hartings et al. 2011a, Hartings et al. 2011b). In patients with subacute MHS, the incidence of SDs is particularly high (Dohmen et al.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Daniel N. Hertle, Marina Heer, Edgar Santos, Michael Schöll, Christina M. Kowoll, Christian Dohmen, Jennifer Diedler, Roland Veltkamp, Rudolf Graf, Andreas W. Unterberg, Oliver W. Sakowitz Source Type: research
Reply to “The usefulness of diffusion tensor tractography for estimating the state of corticobulbar tract in stroke patients”
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique used to demonstrate the structural integrity of white matter tracts. DTI has a unique advantage in visualizing the neural fiber tracts in the proximity of cerebral infarction by use of constructing three-dimensional images of white matter fiber tracts (Mori and van Zijl, 2002). A diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) study by Dr Jang investigated the injury of the corticobulbar tract (CBT) in stroke patients with dysarthria, and suggested that the evaluation of the CBT using DTT provides important information in stroke patients with bulbar sym...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Juan Du, Fang Yang, Xinfeng Liu Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
The usefulness of diffusion tensor tractography for estimating the state of corticobulbar tract in stroke patients
The development of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), which is derived from diffusion tensor imaging data, has enabled the reconstruction and estimation of the corticobulbar tract (CBT) in the live human brain (Mori et al., 1999). As a result, injury of the CBT following stroke could be estimated three dimensionally using DTT (Kwon et al., 2016). Several studies using DTT have reported on the detailed anatomical location of the CBT in the subcortical white matter, and this knowledge has enabled clinicians to presume injury of the CBT in stroke patients without DTT for the CBT (Pan et al., 2012; Yim et al., 2013).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sung Ho Jang, So Min Shin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Do quiet standing centre of pressure measures within specific frequencies differ based on ability to recover balance in individuals with stroke?
Falls risk is increased in individuals with stroke compared to age-matched healthy individuals, and falls are one of the most frequent complications experienced during post-stroke recovery (Batchelor et al., 2012). Up to 73% of individuals with stroke fall following their return to community living after discharge from rehabilitation (Weerdesteyn et al., 2008), and individuals with stroke are 2-4 times more likely to suffer a fall-related injury compared to age-matched controls (O’Loughlin et al., 1993; Graafmans et al., 1996; Jørgensen et al., 2002).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 19, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alison Schinkel-Ivy, Jonathan C. Singer, Elizabeth L. Inness, Avril Mansfield Source Type: research
Normal and impaired control of functional movements in stroke: Role of neural interlimb coupling
While close cooperation of muscle activation between the two legs during gait has been known for several years, only during recent years has it become evident that the mechanism of “neural interlimb coupling” plays a major role in the control of a number of functional movements. Neural interlimb coupling is defined as a flexible, task-specific, physiologically meaningful linkage of limbs during complex movements. Experimentally, this mechanism can be demonstrated through the analysis of reflex responses.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 27, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Volker Dietz, Miriam Schrafl-Altermatt Source Type: research
Control of functional movements in healthy and post-stroke subjects: Role of neural interlimb coupling
While close cooperation of muscle activation between the two legs during gait has been known for several years, only during recent years has it become evident that the mechanism of “neural interlimb coupling” plays a major role in the control of a number of functional movements. Neural interlimb coupling is defined as a flexible, task-specific, physiologically meaningful linkage of limbs during complex movements. Experimentally, this mechanism can be demonstrated through the analysis of reflex responses.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 27, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Volker Dietz, Miriam Schrafl-Altermatt Tags: Review Source Type: research
In-depth performance analysis of an EEG based neonatal seizure detection algorithm
Full term neonates with neurological conditions such as hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), stroke and meningitis are at high risk of developing seizures. There is accumulating evidence from animal models (Wirrell et al., 2001) and human studies (Glass et al., 2009) that neonatal seizures impose additional damage to the brain above and beyond the underlying aetiology. Prompt detection and treatment of seizures is therefore of paramount importance to optimize developmental outcome.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 20, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Mathieson, J. Rennie, V. Livingstone, A. Temko, E. Low, R.M. Pressler, G.B. Boylan Source Type: research
Comparison of brainstem reflex abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis, Behçet and stroke and its topodiagnostic value
Our current understanding of brainstem reflex physiology comes chiefly from the classic anatomical–functional correlation studies that traced the central circuits underlying brainstem reflexes and establishing reflex abnormalities as markers for specific areas of lesion. Our aim is to investigate the correlation between the brainstem reflex abnormalities and lesion localization in three different diseases with brainstem lesions.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Inan, F. Yavlal, M.E. Kiziltan, G. Kiziltas, S. Saip, U. Uygunoglu Source Type: research
Somatosensory and auditory startle reflex in patients with stroke and spinal cord injury
Somatosensory startle reflex (SSSR) was recently studied in healthy subjects. Following corticospinal tract lesions caused by stroke or spinal cord injury (SCI), auditory startle reflex (ASR) has been reported to enhance due to reorganization of circuits rostral and caudal to the lesion. To further understand changes in SSSR and ASR, we investigated both responses in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M.E. Kiziltan, M. Sohtaoglu, A. Gunduz, M. Bozluolçay, N. Uzun Source Type: research
