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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.

Motoneurone afterhyperpolarisation time-course following stroke
Conclusions: The AHP time-course prolongation on the paretic side of people with chronic stroke is more pronounced in people with low motor recovery.Significance: Changes in the motoneurone AHP time course post-stroke were related to muscle function and may play a role in the commonly-observed reduction of motor unit discharge rate during voluntary contractions following stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 27, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tanya D. Ivanova, Svetlana Knorr, Christopher W. MacDonell, Courtney L. Pollock, S. Jayne Garland Tags: Movement, Motor Control and Movement Disorders Source Type: research

P 240. Improvement of language functions in a chronic non-fluent post-stroke aphasic patient following sequential bilateral non-invasive neuromodulation by theta burst magnetic stimulation
Conclusions: Described sequential bilateral physiologically balanced TMS modulation of activation of the language related areas of both hemispheres may result in considerable and rather fast language benefits in chronic nfA patients. Whether this approach is better than usual unilateral stimulation requires further studies.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Filipovic, V. Stevanovic, I. Avramovic, M. Jelic, I. Avramovic, A. Jeremic, K. Kacar, S. Milanovic, L. Konstantinovic, J. Vuksanovic Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 229. Transcranial Laser Stimulation-A New Method for Non-Invasive Modulation of Cortical Excitability
Conclusions: The M1 excitability was found to be reduced after TLS in dose dependent manner. These findings may give insight into the mechanisms of nirLLL effects in the human cerebral cortex, also suggesting more suitable applications of TLS in clinical settings.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Filipovic, M. Jelic, A. Jeremic, V. Stevanovic, S. Milanovic, L. Konstantinovic Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 217. Analysis of cortical reorganization after stroke
Conclusion: MEP and rMT are informative criteria for defining the functional state of the motor cortex and features of cortical reorganization after stroke. The graduation of reducing excitability of the motor cortex of AH is proposed for use in clinical practice and could be considered in evaluation the prognosis after stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Kuznetsova, N. Skachkova Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 219. Navigated repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke rehabilitation (randomized blind sham-controlled study), Preliminary results: safety and tolerability
Conclusion: Repeated nTMS is safe and effective add-method in motor post-stroke rehabilitation, but continuous study and forming protocols are necessary to validate this method.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01652677.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Piradov, L. Chernikova, M. Tanashyan, A. Kadykov, A. Chervyakov, M. Nazarova, V. Gnezditsky, R. Konovalov, N. Savitskaya, P. Fedin, A. Suslin, M. Glebov, L. Dobrynina Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 194. The EEG correlates of the TMS induced EMG silent period in humans
Application of magnetic or electrical stimulation to the motor cortex can result in a period of electromyography (EMG) silence in a tonically active peripheral muscle. This period of EMG silence is referred to as the silent period (SP). The duration of SP shows intersubject variability and reflects the integrity of the cortical and corticospinal pathways. A non-invasive technique for assessing the duration of SP is the combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) with EMG. Utilizing TMS-EMG, several studies have reported on the shortening or lengthening of SP in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, b...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Farzan, M.S. Barr, S. Hoppenbrouwers, P.B. Fitzgerald, R. Chen, A. Pascual-Leone, Z.J. Daskalakis Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 207. Reliability of an automated protocol versus manual interpreters in analysing cortical silent period
Introduction: Cortical silent period (cSP) is measured after shortly interrupting active muscle contraction with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) (Fuhr, 1991). The cSP is a measure of cortical inhibition and representing interneuron inhibitory effect at excited motor cortical areas. Several pathological conditions and pharmacological manipulations induce changes to cSP duration. In addition, cSP has exhibited prognostic value e.g., during stroke recovery (Curra, 2002). It has been suggested that input–output characteristics of cSP be determined for thorough assessment of inhibitory interneurons (Werhahn, 2007; Kim...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Julkunen, E. Kallioniemi, L. Säisänen, M. Könönen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 181. Impact of offline transcranial direct current stimulation on consolidation of motor sequence learning in healthy elderly subjects
Conclusions: Offline application of anodal tDCS over M1 post training improves consolidation of motor sequence learning in elderly subjects until at least 22h post training. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential benefit of offline-tDCS in motor learning in healthy elderly and stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Wegscheider, J.-J. Rumpf, C. Fricke, D. Weise, J. Classen Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 168. TMS neurophysiology and interventional rTMS in children with perinatal stroke: Safety and tolerability in the PLASTIC CHAMPS trial
Introduction/Question: Perinatal stroke causes hemiplegic cerebral palsy and lifelong disability. TMS can define neurophysiology and central therapeutic targets while rTMS carries therapeutic potential in adult stroke but have not been applied to the more plastic developing brain. Ipsilateral projections from the unlesioned hemisphere to the affected hand are prominent in this population and the effects of non-lesioned inhibitory rTMS are unknown.Methods: PLASTIC CHAMPS is a randomized, blinded, factorial clinical trial of rTMS and constraint therapy (CIMT) to enhance upper extremity function in children (6–18years) with...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rajapakse, O. Kirton, J. Roe, A. Kirton Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 171. Bihemispheric motor cortex stimulation in older adults induces modulations of resting state and task-related activity
Bihemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation (“dual” tDCS) of primary motor cortices has been described to enhance motor learning in healthy subjects and to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. In order to investigate the neural correlates of its mode of action, we compared different tDCS montages in a group of healthy older adults in a cross-over design (‘dual’ vs. ‘anodal’ vs. ‘sham’).20 subjects (mean age 68.7±4.7years, all right-handed) underwent tDCS and simultaneous MRI at 3T, including resting state fMRI and a choice reaction time task. In the task, subjects were presented with different...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Lindenberg, L. Nachtigall, M. Meinzer, M.M. Sieg, A. Flöel Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 172. Focal tDCS in Chronic Stroke patients: A pilot study of physiological effects using TMS and concurrent EEG
We report results of MEPs, EEG, and motor behavior. We show, for the first time, that tDCS and EEG recording can be concurrently applied in stroke patients. Bilateral M1 stimulation using small Ag/AgCl electrodes is well tolerated and can augment corticospinal excitability in the affected hemisphere. In the literature, there is only one prior studying using concurrent EEG recording during cathodal tDCS in healthy subjects and two patients with epileptic encephalopathy (Faria et al., 2012). As far as we know, no studies have applied tDCS simultaneous with EEG recording in chronic stroke patients. We report the first study i...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Boratyn, G. Ruffini, M. Cortes, A. Rykman, A. Medeiros, A. Pascual-Leone, D. Edwards Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 174. Effects of paired associative stimulation on developmental motor plasticity in children
Introduction: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) offers increasingly sophisticated means of assessing neurophysiology and neuroplasticity mechanisms but applications in children have been limited. Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is an advanced TMS method that pairs peripheral sensory stimulation with TMS primary motor cortex (M1) stimulation. PAS induces rapid, reversible and topographically specific increases in adult motor cortex excitability consistent with NMDAR-dependent long-term potentiation. PAS has not been studied in the more plastic brains of children.Objectives: Our aim wasto define the developmental ...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: O. Damji, J. Roe, S. Shinde, O. Kotsovsky, A. Kirton Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 155. Serial anodal tDCS over V1 induces long-term effects on colour discrimination in V4 measured in the unimpaired hemifield of patients with occipital stroke
Conclusion: Long-term modulation in colour perception following serial anodal tDCS may represent evidence of inducible long-term plasticity in distantly connected components of the visual system (V1 and V4) in patients with occipital stroke measured in the unimpaired hemifield. This builds on studies describing the immediate effects of tDCS in the visual system in healthy volunteers. The temporal dynamics of serial anodal tDCS seem to interact with learning processes, and may yield potential support for neuroplastic adaptation processes following cerebral lesions. Future studies should examine the long-term outcomes and dy...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Dargie, M. Olma, J. Behrens, A. Kraft, K. Irlbacher, M. Fahle, S. Brandt Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 162. The effects of direct current stimulation on motor cortex excitability in children and adolescents
Conclusion: Our study will provide new insight into the principles of tDCS stimulation and its therapeutic value in treatment of childhood neurological and psychiatric disorders. This may further refine the effective use of tDCS in pediatric population.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: V. Moliadze, T. Schmanke, S. Bassüner, C. Freitag, M. Siniatchkin Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 123. CIPASS: Trial of a daily program of cerebral stimulation by TMS using a PAS paradigm in the recovery phase of stroke patients
Conclusion: A daily program of PAS session seems to induce long-term changes in the excitability of corticospinal projection to wrist muscles in group PAS up to 3days following the end of the stimulation program; motor effects seem however less conclusive. These results have to be confirmed with a larger sample to allow us to draw reliable conclusions. This trial will help us to better understand brain plasticity processes and to prove the relevance of CIPASS use as a therapeutic adjunct in stroke rehabilitation.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Mohamed, S.-M. M. Marion, L. Isabelle, D.B. Xavier, G. David, M. Phillipe, C.-L. Evelyne Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research