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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
P59. Evaluation of representational deficits in neglect patients – Visual search patterns in two different bed side tests
Early diagnosis of different modalities in neglect after right hemisphere ischemic lesion and subsequent adequate therapy is crucial in regard to the clinical outcome (e.g. Buxbaum et al., 2004). Bed-side tests in the acute phase after stroke usually include only clinical examination and paper based cancellation tests (e.g. Ota search task, Bell‘s Cancellation). Additional testing such as recording of deficit in visual exploration by tracking of eye movements and standardized test for diagnosis of representational neglect have so far been only conducted in as non-bed-side tests in sub-acute or chronic stages (Isihai et al., 1989).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Höfer, K. Nitschke, T. Bormann, C. Weiller, R. Umarova, L.-A. Beume Source Type: research
P74. 1Hz rTMS over the contralesional dorsal premotor cortex improves dexterity of the affected hand after stroke: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind trial
The contralesional dPMC may be a new target for rTMS procedures intended to improve dexterity of the affected hand after acute stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. Lüdemann-Podubecká, K. Bösl, D.A. Novak Source Type: research
P149. Suppression of LTP-like associative plasticity in the human SMA–M1 network by simultaneous tDCS
Excitability and connectivity in the human motor network comprising the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (M1) are important for voluntary movement generation and rehabilitation of lost motor function after stroke. Previously, we demonstrated that paired associative stimulation of SMA and M1 (SMA–M1-PAS) by dual coil transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may induce LTP-like plasticity in this network (Arai et al., 2011. J Neurosci 31:15376–83). Here, we tested the influence of simultaneous modulation of general network excitability by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on associative...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: H. Faber, C. Zipser, J. Tünnerhoff, F. Müller-Dahlhaus, U. Ziemann Source Type: research
P153. Correlation of cortical inhibition and motor performance after mental training with the hand in patients after stroke
This study explored if mental practice targeting the hand modulates cortical excitability and improves function of the affected hand. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was used to measure changes in the duration of the cortical Silent Period (cSP) and to analyze the amplitudes of motor evoked potentials (MEPs).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I. Büsching, A. Sehle, J. Liepert Source Type: research
P174. Effects of left and right brain damage on anticipatory motor behavior during grasping and lifting with the ipsilesional hand
Behavioral studies in patients with left and right brain damage revealed the specialized function of both hemispheres in motor control. Recently, we investigated anticipatory grip force control in patients with stroke affecting the left or the right hemisphere during object lifting with the ipsilesional non-paretic hand. We found imprecise anticipation of grip force to the weight of everyday objects (like a carton with milk or a package of paper tissues) in patients with left brain damage while patients with right brain damage performed closer to normal.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. Hermsdörfer, M. Bienkiewicz, N. Rohrbach, G. Buckingham Source Type: research
P186. Correlates to influence user performance in a hand motor rehabilitation task
The power of oscillatory EEG signal components has been related to attention or mental workload. Thus it may allow to decode and track mental states related to the performance of a user on a specific task. In motor rehabilitation after stroke, knowledge about suitable or impeding brain states may be informative enough to causally influence the training performance. A prerequisite for such real-time manipulation is the ability to decode ongoing EEG signals. Solutions are provided by the field of Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) systems.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Castaño-Candamil, A. Meinel, J. Reis, M. Tangermann Source Type: research
Atypical cortical drive during activation of the paretic and nonparetic tibialis anterior is related to gait deficits in chronic stroke
Following a neurological injury, recovery of lower extremity control and the ability to walk is a primary goal of stroke patients (Bohannon et al. 1991). However, many individuals are left with long term disability of functional ambulation following stroke, despite current standard rehabilitation (Bohannon et al. 1991). Gains in neuroscience research over the last several decades have enhanced our understanding of structural changes in the brain that may underlie functional disability following stroke (Kleim and Jones 2008).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 18, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jacqueline A. Palmer, Alan R. Needle, Ryan T. Pohlig, Stuart A. Binder-Macleod Source Type: research
Sensory stimulation in post-stroke postural imbalance: A novel treatment approach?
Postural disorders represent a frequent sequel after stroke and many patients do not regain undisturbed upright stance. Most often, patients show a so-called “postural imbalance” (PI) which denotes an asymmetric body position during stance as expressed by a lateral displacement of his/her centre of pressure towards the non-paretic leg and an increased lateral sway when measured on a force platform (Perennou 2006). Clinically, the result of this asymmetric body posture is a poorer rehabilitation outcome of those patients with PI, less functional autonomy and a poorer quality of life.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 22, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lena Schmidt, Georg Kerkhoff, Kathrin S. Utz Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
The effect of optokinetic and galvanic vestibular stimulations in reducing post-stroke postural asymmetry
Improving balance after stroke is of crucial importance because its improvement is strongly correlated to higher patient autonomy and improved quality of life (QoL). The characteristics of postural disturbances following stroke, as observed on a force platform, are of increased sway and a lateral displacement of the centre of pressure (CP) toward the non-paretic limb (Pérennou et al 1997, Rode et al 1998). The lateral displacement of the centre of pressure toward the lesion side is more important in patients with right hemispheric lesion (RHL) and this is thought to partly explain the predominance of postural imbalance in...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 22, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I.V. Bonan, E. Leblong, S. Leplaideur, B. Laviolle, S. Tassel Tonche, A.P. Yelnik Source Type: research
Effects of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation on Post-Stroke Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Studies report that 50% to 81% of people who have a stroke experience swallowing problems (Hamdy, 2010; Meng et al., 2000). This impact is staggering when the cost implications and morbidity of post-stroke dysphagia are considered. Stroke patients with dysphagia cost more to treat (about $4,510 more per patient than a stroke patient without dysphagia) because their hospital stay is nearly doubled, they require more therapy, and they have more complications with worse outcomes (Bonilha et al., 2014; Altman et al., 2010).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 8, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jessica M. Pisegna, Asako Kaneoka, William G. Pearson, Sandeep Kumar, Susan E. Langmore Source Type: research
1-A-D-4. Effects of repetitive facilitative exercise with neuromuscular electrical stimulation, direct application of vibratory stimulation and repetitive transcranial stimulation of the hemiplegic hand in chronic stroke patients
Repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) is a recently developed approach to the rehabilitation of hemiplegia. RFE can be integrated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), direct application of vibratory stimulation (DAVS), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to achieve further improvement. The aims of the present study were to retrospectively compare the effects of RFE and NMES+DAVS with those of RFE and rTMS and to determine the maximal effect of the combination of RFE with NMES, DAVS, rTMS and pharmacological treatments in chronic stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 4, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Seiji Etoh, Tomokazu Noma, Shuji Matsumoto, Megumi Shimodozono, Kazumi Kawahira Source Type: research
Multiple sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation and upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke: A review and meta-analysis
Stroke is a health concern worldwide and one of the main causes of disability (Kolominsky-Rabas et al., 2001; Albert and Kesselring, 2012). Motor impairment is the main cause of disability after stroke, leading to major health problems (Boggio et al., 2007; Clarke, 1999). In Europe, stroke costs around 64.1 billion euros and in the United Kingdom, around £8.9 billion per annum is spent on community care and rehabilitation of people with stroke (Saka et al., 2009; Gustavsson et al., 2011). At six months, 33% to 66% of people with Upper Extremity (UE) impairments do not present with functional upper limb function and only 5...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 4, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: L. Tedesco Triccas, J.H. Burridge, A.M. Hughes, R.M. Pickering, M. Desikan, J.C. Rothwell, G. Verheyden Source Type: research
Stimulation site and phase modulation of the withdrawal reflex during gait initiation
Muscular activity, neural mechanisms, and biomechanical forces are highly integrated in the gait initiation process (GIP) (Mann et al., 1979). In this complex process, forces generated by the legs serve to limit postural perturbations and provide forward propulsion. However, in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) or stroke, this process is sometimes disrupted (Hesse et al., 1997; Hass et al., 2005). In particular, people who suffered a stroke often have problems generating force in the starting leg and difficulties to load the limbs symmetrically during gait initiation (Brunt et al., 1995).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 14, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Miguel A. Richard, Erika G. Spaich, Mariano Serrao, Ole K. Andersen Source Type: research
33. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of brain perfusion during cardiac surgery in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid stenosis
Asymptomatic internal carotid (ICA) stenosis is one of documented risk factors of perioperative ischemic stroke (IS) in cardiac surgery. There is no strict consensus in benefit of prophylactic carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in asymptomatic ICA stenosis to reduce intraoperative IS. Median somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) is reliable tool for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) of brain perfusion during CEA.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Ostrý, R. Tesařík, M. Leitgeb Source Type: research
Resting-state sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) power predicts the ability to up-regulate SMR in an EEG-instrumental conditioning paradigm
During instrumental conditioning of EEG activity (EEG-IC), participants receive feedback of a specific aspect of their brain signals (Lubar et al., 1995), e.g. feedback on the power of a certain frequency band. Desired patterns of EEG activity are rewarded by visual or auditory stimuli, thus enabling participants to modulate their brain activity by means of instrumental conditioning. EEG-IC training has been used to treat patients with disorders such as epilepsy (Sterman and Egner, 2006), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Arns et al., 2009) and stroke (Doppelmayr et al., 2007), as well as in healthy participants (H...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 6, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Johanna Louise Reichert, Silvia Erika Kober, Christa Neuper, Guilherme Wood Source Type: research
