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Total 37 results found since Jan 2013.

Hepatic Ketogenesis Induced by Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice Stroke
ConclusionsWe conclude that brain ischemia induces the formation of β‐hydroxybutyrate (ketogenesis) in the liver and the consumption of β‐hydroxybutyrate in the brain. This effect seems to be mediated by β‐adrenergic receptors.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 5, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Koch, K., Berressem, D., Konietzka, J., Thinnes, A., Eckert, G. P., Klein, J. Tags: Ischemia, Metabolism, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke Original Research Source Type: research

Hypersomnia and Reduction in Essential Tremor after Bilateral Subthalamic Ischemic Stroke (P4.285)
Conclusions:Prevalence of hypersomnia among stroke patients ranges from 1.1 to 27[percnt].A reduction in the activity of arousal systems underlies most forms of post stroke hypersomnia.Multiple changes like reduction in the amount of NREM sleep, sleep time, sleep spindles, REM sleep ( in occipital strokes ) were also described depending on the location of the stroke. Thalamic and brainstem strokes can present with pathological EEG patterns like alpha coma.Along with bilateral thalamic strokes, strokes in thalamo-mesencephalic regions, upper pons and medial pontomedullary lesions can cause marked hypersomnia. Cortical and s...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Pesala, S., Nalleballe, K., Bollu, P. Tags: Parasomnias and Hypersomnias Source Type: research

Activation of hepatic inflammatory pathways by catecholamines is associated with hepatic insulin resistance in male ischemic stroke rats.
Abstract Patients who experience acute ischemic stroke may develop hyperglycemia, even in the absence of diabetes. In the current study we determined the effects of acute stroke on hepatic insulin signaling, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) expression, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the activities of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), inhibitor κB kinase β (IKK-β), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. Rats with cerebral ischemia developed higher blood glucose, and insulin levels, and insulin resistance index, as well as hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme expression compared to the sham-treated group. The hepati...
Source: Endocrinology - January 17, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Wang YY, Lin SY, Chuang YH, Sheu WH, Tung KC, Chen CJ Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The Reciprocal Interaction of Sympathetic Nervous System and cAMP-PKA-NF-kB Pathway in Immune Suppression after Experimental Stroke
Conclusion On account of the SNS activation after stroke, epinephrine activates the expression of cAMP, which further increases the level of PKA. Therefore, the level of nuclear factor NF-kB is down-regulated. Since the pro-inflammatory effect of NF-kB slacked, the immune system may be inhibited after stroke.
Source: Neuroscience Letters - May 28, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Potential specific immunological indicators for stroke associated infection are partly modulated by sympathetic pathway activation.
CONCLUSION: IL-6, IL-10 and HLA-DR are good candidate biomarkers for SAI. The activation of the sympathetic pathway could partly account for the specific immunological alterations found in SAI patients including HLA-DR decrease and IL-10 increase, which both could be reversed by propranolol. However, the mechanism underlying IL-6 increase still needs further exploration. PMID: 27409177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Oncotarget - July 15, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Radiology ruse: dural venous sinus cyst masquerading as venous sinus thrombosis presenting with headache and stroke
Conclusions Radiological differentiation between venous sinus thrombosis and dural venous sinus cyst is clinically important to avoid unnecessary anticoagulation and associated risks. Final management included propranolol for migraine prophylaxis; aspirin for acute migraine; aspirin for stroke prevention; vascular risk factor management; and cessation of triptans.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 8, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: McAulay-Powell, C., Murton, A., Tsai, W.-C., Jones, D., Froelich, J. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Drug effects on the cardiovascular system in conscious rats – separating cardiac output into heart rate and stroke volume using PKPD modeling
Conclusions and ImplicationsA systems pharmacology model characterizing the interrelationship between MAP, CO, HR, SV and TPR has been obtained in hypertensive and normotensive rats. The extended model can be used to quantify the dynamic changes in the CVS and elucidate the MoA for novel compounds, with one site of action, using HR and MAP measurements only. The question whether the model can also be applied for compounds with a more complex mechanism of action remains to be established.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - June 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: N. Snelder, B.A. Ploeger, O. Luttringer, D.F. Rigel, F. Fu, M. Beil, D.R. Stanski, M. Danhof Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Drug effects on the CVS in conscious rats: separating cardiac output into heart rate and stroke volume using PKPD modelling
Conclusions and ImplicationsA systems pharmacology model characterizing the interrelationship between MAP, CO, HR, SV and TPR was obtained in hypertensive and normotensive rats. This extended model can quantify dynamic changes in the CVS and elucidate the MoA for novel compounds, with one site of action, using only HR and MAP measurements. Whether the model can be applied for compounds with a more complex MoA remains to be established.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - September 5, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: N Snelder, B A Ploeger, O Luttringer, D F Rigel, F Fu, M Beil, D R Stanski, M Danhof Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Cost Effectiveness of Strategies to Manage Atrial Fibrillation in Middle- and High-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
ConclusionThis systematic review has shown that there are several cost-effective strategies to manage AF in different resource settings. However, the decision to use any strategy should be guided by objective clinical and economic evidence supported by sound clinical judgement.RegistrationCRD42022360590.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - May 19, 2023 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

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Conclusions: Brown fat tissue is a normal variant in pediatric F-18 FDG studies. This diffuse activity can frustrate the radiologist reading the study and possibly cause a misdiagnosis. Propranolol may be a promising solution to reducing the brown fat in pediatric patients undergoing a F-18 FDG PET/CT scan. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 16.0px Helvetica; -webkit-text-stroke: #000000} span.s1 {font-kerning: none} p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 16.0px Helvetica; -webkit-text-stroke: #000000} span.s1 {font-kerning: none}
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 20, 2019 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Beaird, B. Tags: Technologist Student Papers II Source Type: research

Transdermal opioid patch in treatment of paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia with multiple cerebral insults: A case report
Rationale: Paroxysmal autonomic instability with dystonia (PAID) is an underdiagnosed syndrome that describes a collection of symptoms following diverse cerebral insults, such as traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus, hemorrhagic stroke, or brain anoxia. It is manifested by systemic high blood pressure, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, intermittent agitation, and certain forms of dystonia. Patient concerns: A semi-comatose 46-year-old man was transferred from the regional rehabilitation hospital with various complaints involving fluctuating vital signs, including uncontrolled hyperthermia, hypertensi...
Source: Medicine - October 2, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Clinical Case Report Source Type: research

Low-dose propranolol and exercise capacity in postural tachycardia syndrome: A randomized study
Conclusions: These findings suggest that nonselective β-blockade with propranolol, when used at the low doses frequently used for treatment of POTS, may provide a modest beneficial effect to improve heart rate control and exercise capacity. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that a single low dose of propranolol (20 mg) as compared with placebo is useful in increasing maximum exercise capacity measured 1 hour after medication.
Source: Neurology - May 20, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Arnold, A. C., Okamoto, L. E., Diedrich, A., Paranjape, S. Y., Raj, S. R., Biaggioni, I., Gamboa, A. Tags: Autonomic diseases, Cardiac, Class II ARTICLE Source Type: research

Therapy for Triggered Acute Risk Prevention in Subjects at Increased Cardiovascular Risk
In conclusion, it is feasible for those with increased CVD risk to identify potential triggers of acute CVD and to take targeted therapy at the time of these triggers.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - April 5, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Geoffrey H. Tofler, Monica Spinaze, Elizabeth Shaw, Thomas Buckley Tags: Preventive Cardiology Source Type: research