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Condition: Hypertension
Drug: Hydralazine

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Total 22 results found since Jan 2013.

Renal Denervation Prevents Stroke and Brain Injury via Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in Hypertensive Rats Stroke
Conclusions Our present work provided the first experimental evidence that RD can prevent hypertensive stroke and brain injury, beyond blood pressure lowering, thereby highlighting RD as a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke as well as hypertension.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 14, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nakagawa, T., Hasegawa, Y., Uekawa, K., Ma, M., Katayama, T., Sueta, D., Toyama, K., Kataoka, K., Koibuchi, N., Maeda, M., Kuratsu, J.-i., Kim-Mitsuyama, S. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Roles of Hypertension in the Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Normalization of blood pressure after aneurysm formation prevented aneurysmal rupture in mice. In addition, we found that the inhibition of the local renin–angiotensin system independent from the reduction of blood pressure can prevent aneurysmal rupture.
Source: Stroke - January 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Tada, Y., Wada, K., Shimada, K., Makino, H., Liang, E. I., Murakami, S., Kudo, M., Kitazato, K. T., Nagahiro, S., Hashimoto, T. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease/stroke, Animal models of human disease, Cerebral Aneurysm, AVM, & Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Other Stroke Treatment - Medical Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Superoxide dismutase mimetic, tempol, aggravates renal injury in advanced-stage stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
Objective:The aim of this study was to determine whether antioxidant therapy could relieve hypertension and retard the progression of renal damage in advanced-stage hypertensive rats. Methods:Twenty-four-week-old spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats were treated for 8 weeks with the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol, low-dose or high-dose candesartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker), or hydralazine, and blood pressure and renal damage were compared. Results:Elevated blood pressure and renal damage with heterogeneity were present after 8 weeks, with greater glomerulosclerosis in the juxtamedullary glomeruli than ...
Source: Journal of Hypertension - February 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Oxidative stress Source Type: research

Perindopril increases the swallowing reflex by inhibiting substance P degradation and tyrosine hydroxylase activation in a rat model of dysphagia.
Abstract Patients with hypertension have a high risk of ischemic stroke and subsequent stroke-associated pneumonia. Stroke-associated pneumonia is most likely to develop in patients with dysphagia. The present study was designed to compare the ameliorative effects of different treatments in rat model of dysphagia. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion causing disorders of the swallowing reflex. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (perindopril, imidapril and enalapril), an angiotensin II type 1-receptor ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - November 12, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ikeda JI, Kojima N, Saeki K, Ishihara M, Takayama M Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Cerebral cortical microvascular rarefaction in metabolic syndrome is dependent on insulin resistance and loss of nitric oxide bioavailability
ConclusionsFurther analyses revealed that the maintenance of glycemic control and vascular nitric oxide bioavailability were stronger predictors of cerebral cortical MVD in OZR than was prevention of hypertension, and this may have implications for chronic treatment of CVD risk under stroke‐prone conditions.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Microcirculation - May 1, 2015 Category: Research Authors: Paul D. Chantler, Carl D. Shrader, Lawrence E. Tabone, Alexandre C. d'Audiffret, Khumara Huseynova, Steven D. Brooks, Kayla W. Branyan, Kristin A. Grogg, Jefferson C. Frisbee Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Left Ventricular Responses to Acute Changes in Late Systolic Pressure Augmentation in Older Adults.
CONCLUSIONS: Acute changes in late systolic aortic pressure augmentation do not necessarily lead to improved systolic or diastolic function in older people. Preload may be a more important determinant of cardiac performance than afterload in older people with compensated ventricular function. The potential for changes in preload to impair rather than enhance left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in older people warrants further study. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00204984. PMID: 23537892 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Hypertension - March 28, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sweitzer NK, Hetzel SJ, Skalski J, Velez M, Eggleston K, Mitchell GF Tags: Am J Hypertens Source Type: research

Critical Blood Pressure Threshold Dependence of Hypertensive Injury and Repair in a Malignant Nephrosclerosis Model Kidney
Most patients with essential hypertension do not exhibit substantial renal damage. Renal autoregulation by preventing glomerular transmission of systemic pressures has been postulated to mediate this resistance. Conversely, malignant nephrosclerosis (MN) has been postulated to develop when severe hypertension exceeds a critical ceiling. If the concept is valid, even modest blood pressure (BP) reductions to below this threshold regardless of antihypertensive class (1) should prevent MN and (2) lead to the healing of the already developed MN lesions. Both predicates were tested using BP radiotelemetry in the stroke-prone spo...
Source: Hypertension - September 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Griffin, K. A., Polichnowski, A., Litbarg, N., Picken, M., Venkatachalam, M. A., Bidani, A. K. Tags: Animal models of human disease Kidney Source Type: research

Pulmonary vascular response to exercise in symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and pulmonary hypertension
ConclusionsEven after thorough decongestion and under continuous afterload reduction, PH secondary to HFrEF is completely reversible in only a minority of patients. Others demonstrate an exercise‐induced PVR increase, associated with impaired right ventricular stroke work, which might be ameliorated by nitric oxide donor support.
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - December 30, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Frederik H. Verbrugge, Matthias Dupont, Philippe B. Bertrand, Petra Nijst, Lars Grieten, Joseph Dens, David Verhaert, Stefan Janssens, W. H. Wilson Tang, Wilfried Mullens Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Focused Update on Pharmacologic Management of Hypertensive Emergencies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewHypertensive emergency is defined as a systolic blood pressure>  180 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure>  120 mmHg with evidence of new or progressive end-organ damage. The purpose of this paper is to review advances in the treatment of hypertensive emergencies within the last 5 years.Recent FindingsNew literature and recommendations for managing hypertensive emergencies in the setting of pregnancy, stroke, and heart failure have been published.SummaryOral nifedipine is now considered an alternative first-line therapy, along with intravenous hydralazine and labetalol for women presenti...
Source: Current Hypertension Reports - June 8, 2018 Category: Primary Care Source Type: research

Involvement of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages in a rat hypertension model with nephrosclerosis: possible mechanisms of action of olmesartan and azelnidipine.
Abstract Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRsp) rats develop severe hypertension resulting in renal injury. We investigated apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) expression in nephrosclerotic rats and the involvement of AIM in olmesartan (OLM)- and azelnidipine (AZN)-induced decreases in the number of macrophages infiltrating the kidney. We randomly assigned 20-week-old male SHRsp rats to receive one of the following substances every day for 12 weeks: water (vehicle), hydralazine (HYD), OLM, or AZN. Renal damage was assessed by Masson trichrome staining. Expressions of ED-1, AIM, and oxidized low-densi...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - August 3, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Uramatsu T, Nishino T, Obata Y, Sato Y, Furusu A, Koji T, Miyazaki T, Kohno S Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Oral antihypertensive therapy for severe hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review
ConclusionsOral nifedipine, and possibly labetalol and methyldopa, are suitable options for treatment of severe hypertension in pregnancy/postpartum.
Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - May 16, 2014 Category: OBGYN Authors: T Firoz, LA Magee, K MacDonell, BA Payne, R Gordon, M Vidler, P Dadelszen, Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research

Oral antihypertensive therapy for severe hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: Oral nifedipine, and possibly labetalol and methyldopa, are suitable options for treatment of severe hypertension in pregnancy/postpartum. PMID: 24832366 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - May 16, 2014 Category: OBGYN Authors: Firoz T, Magee L, MacDonell K, Payne B, Gordon R, Vidler M, von Dadelszen P, the Community Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) Working Group Tags: BJOG Source Type: research

Brain Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockade Improves Dairy Blood Pressure Variability via Sympathoinhibition in Hypertensive Rats.
Authors: Kishi T, Hirooka Y, Sunagawa K Abstract Abnormal blood pressure (BP) elevation in early morning is known to cause cardiovascular events. Previous studies have suggested that one of the reasons in abnormal dairy BP variability is sympathoexcitation. We have demonstrated that brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) causes sympathoexcitation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether central AT1R blockade attenuates the excess BP elevation in rest-to-active phase in hypertensive rats or not. Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were treated with intracerebroventricular infusi...
Source: International Journal of Hypertension - May 2, 2015 Category: Cardiology Tags: Int J Hypertens Source Type: research

Committee Opinion No. 692: Emergent Therapy for Acute-Onset, Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.
Authors: Abstract Acute-onset, severe systolic hypertension; severe diastolic hypertension; or both can occur during the prenatal, intrapartum, or postpartum periods. Pregnant women or women in the postpartum period with acute-onset, severe systolic hypertension; severe diastolic hypertension; or both require urgent antihypertensive therapy. Introducing standardized, evidence-based clinical guidelines for the management of patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of adverse maternal outcomes. Individuals and institutions should have mechanisms in place to initiate the...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 25, 2017 Category: OBGYN Tags: Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research

Committee Opinion No. 692 Summary: Emergent Therapy for Acute-Onset, Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.
Authors: Abstract Acute-onset, severe systolic hypertension; severe diastolic hypertension; or both can occur during the prenatal, intrapartum, or postpartum periods. Pregnant women or women in the postpartum period with acute-onset, severe systolic hypertension; severe diastolic hypertension; or both require urgent antihypertensive therapy. Introducing standardized, evidence-based clinical guidelines for the management of patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of adverse maternal outcomes. Individuals and institutions should have mechanisms in place to initiate the...
Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology - March 25, 2017 Category: OBGYN Tags: Obstet Gynecol Source Type: research