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Cancer: Brain Cancers

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Total 2156 results found since Jan 2013.

Tissue Plasminogen Activator Promotes TXNIP-NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation after Hyperglycemic Stroke in Mice
AbstractHyperglycemia has been shown to counterbalance the beneficial effects of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and increase the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in ischemic stroke. Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) mediates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage and inflammation in the brain and reduces cerebral glucose uptake/utilization. We have recently reported that TXNIP-induced NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3) inflammasome activation contributes to neuronal damage after ischemic stroke. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tPA induces TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome activation after ischemic str...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Iso-Oncotic Albumin Mitigates Brain and Kidney Injury in Experimental Focal Ischemic Stroke
Conclusions: In this model of focal ischemic stroke, only iso-oncotic albumin had a protective effect against brain and kidney damage. Fluid therapy thus requires careful analysis of impact not only on the brain but also on the kidney.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Development of L-carnosine functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone for simultaneous therapeutic potential of blood brain barrier crossing and ischemic stroke treatment.
Authors: Lu X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li G, Gao J, Wang Y Abstract The development of suitable drug delivery carriers is significant in biomedical applications to improve the therapeutic efficiency. Recent progress in nanotechnological fields, paved the way for the formulation of variety of drug carriers. The brain disorders such as ischemic stroke, brain cancer, and CNS disorders were poorly treated due to the presence of blood brain barrier that hinders the passage of drugs to the brain. Hence, the formulated drugs should have the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for ischemic stroke treatment. In the pres...
Source: Drug Delivery - February 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Drug Deliv Source Type: research

Stroke of luck: Scientists discover target for stroke therapy in blood-brain barrier
(Tokyo University of Science) The blood-brain barrier prevents immune cells from circulating freely in the brain, and the breakdown of its function is a major cause of post-stroke inflammation. Now, for the first time, researchers have identified how a toxic stroke byproduct, acrolein, could activate the barrier-degrading enzyme proheparanase (proHPSE). The research group has discovered that proHPSE degrades the glycocalyx within the post-stroke brain's blood vessels, providing hope for new and effective therapeutics against post-stroke inflammation.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 22, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

Interactions between remote ischemic conditioning and post-stroke sleep regulation
AbstractSleep disturbances are common in patients with stroke, and sleep quality has a critical role in the onset and outcome of stroke. Poor sleep exacerbates neurological injury, impedes nerve regeneration, and elicits serious complications. Thus, exploring a therapy suitable for patients with stroke and sleep disturbances is imperative. As a multi-targeted nonpharmacological intervention, remote ischemic conditioning can reduce the ischemic size of the brain, improve the functional outcome of stroke, and increase sleep duration. Preclinical/clinical evidence showed that this method can inhibit the inflammatory response,...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - November 23, 2021 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

ADAMTS9-AS2 Promotes Angiogenesis of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Through Regulating miR-185-5p/IGFBP-2 Axis in Ischemic Stroke
AbstractIschemic stroke is a common disease threatening human health. ADAMTS9-AS2 is a lncRNA that has been widely studied in tumors, but not in ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and potential molecular mechanism of ADAMTS9-AS2 in endothelial cell function after ischemic stroke in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that ADAMTS9-AS2 was decreased in the plasma of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients and in the brain tissue and plasma of MCAO mice, and the low expression of ADAMTS9-AS2 was associated with the increase in infarct size. Besides, compared with the control group, MCAO trea...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 31, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Final Results of Allogeneic Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Acute Ischemic Stroke (AMASCIS): A Phase II, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Center, Pilot Clinical Trial
We report the final trial results after 24 months of follow-up. Recruitment began in December 2014 and stopped in December 2017 after 19 of 20 planned patients were included. Six patients did not receive study treatment: two due to technical issues and four for acquiring exclusion criteria after randomization. The final study sample was composed of 13 patients (4 receiving AD-MSCs and 9 placebo). One patient in the placebo group died within the first week after study treatment delivery due to sepsis. Two non-treatment-related serious AEs occurred in the AD-MSC group and nine in the placebo group. The total number of AEs an...
Source: Cell Transplantation - March 18, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Elena de Celis-Ruiz Blanca Fuentes Mar ía Alonso de Leciñana Mar ía Gutiérrez-Fernández Alberto M Borobia Raquel Guti érrez-Zúñiga Gerardo Ruiz-Ares Laura Otero-Ortega Fernando Laso-Garc ía Mari Carmen G ómez-de Frutos Exuperio D íez-Tejedor Source Type: research

mtDNA-STING Axis Mediates Microglial Polarization via IRF3/NF- κB Signaling After Ischemic Stroke
In this study, acute ischemic stroke was simulated using a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at adult male C57BL/6 mice in vivo and the BV2 microglia oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in vitro. The specific STING inhibitor C-176 was administered intraperitoneally at 30min after MCAO. We found that the expression of microglial STING was increased following MCAO and OGD/R. Pharmacologic inhibition of STING with C-176 reduced the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain infarction, edema and neuronal injury. Moreover, blockade of STING improved neurological performance and cognitive function ...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 5, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Diagnosis and Management of Stroke in Adults with Primary Brain Tumor
This article reviews the risk factors, clinical presentations, differential diagnosis, and the types of strokes frequently seen in patients with primary brain neoplasms. This includes a discussion of approaches with a review of the available literature and provides recommendations for primary and secondary prevention specific to this patient population.Recent FindingsStrokes in patients with brain tumors are often multifactorial. However, tailored approaches to stroke care are necessary to achieve optimal patient outcomes, AHA/ASA stroke guidelines provide little information on the management of stroke in cancer patients. ...
Source: Current Oncology Reports - May 11, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Headache as a risk factor for neurovascular events in pediatric brain tumor patients
Conclusions: Severe recurrent headache appears to be a risk factor or predictor for subsequent cerebral ischemia in pediatric brain tumor survivors treated with radiation. This finding has clinical implications for both monitoring survivors and targeting a specific population for primary stroke prevention.
Source: Neurology - April 15, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kranick, S. M., Campen, C. J., Kasner, S. E., Kessler, S. K., Zimmerman, R. A., Lustig, R. A., Phillips, P. C., Beslow, L. A., Ichord, R., Fisher, M. J. Tags: Childhood stroke, Pediatric headache, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Primary brain tumor, All Pediatric ARTICLE Source Type: research

Transcranial Doppler Velocity and Brain MRI/MRA Changes in Children With Sickle Cell Anemia on Chronic Transfusions to Prevent Primary Stroke
ConclusionsFor children with SCA and abnormal TCD velocities, transfusions lower TCD velocities and help prevent stroke, but do not always result in normal velocities or protect against progression of cerebral vasculopathy. Improved adherence to transfusion goals may improve on‐treatment TCD velocities. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;9999:XX–XX. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer - April 26, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Vivien A. Sheehan, Eileen N. Hansbury, Matthew P. Smeltzer, Gail Fortner, M. Beth McCarville, Banu Aygun Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Alexia due to ischemic stroke of the visual word form area.
Abstract The visual word form area (VWFA) is a region in the posterior left occipitotemporal cortex adjacent to the fusiform gyrus hypothesized to mediate word recognition. Evidence supporting the role of this area in reading comes from neuroimaging studies of normal subjects, case-controlled lesion studies, and studies of patients with surgical resection of the VWFA for tumors or epilepsy. Based on these prior reports, a small discrete lesion to the VWFA would be expected to cause alexia in a literate person without prior brain process, but such a case has not previously been reported to our knowledge. Here, we r...
Source: Neurocase - March 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Turkeltaub PE, Goldberg EM, Postman-Caucheteux WA, Palovcak M, Quinn C, Cantor C, Coslett HB Tags: Neurocase Source Type: research