A distinct “repair” role of regulatory T cells in fracture healing
AbstractRegulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress immune responses and inflammation. Here, we described the distinct nonimmunological role of Tregs in fracture healing. The recruitment from the circulation pool, peripheral induction, and local expansion rapidly enriched Tregs in the injured bone. The Tregs in the injured bone displayed superiority in direct osteogenesis over Tregs from lymphoid organs. Punctual depletion of Tregs compromised the fracture healing process, which leads to increased bone nonunion. In addition, bone callus Tregs showed unique T-cell receptor repertoires. Amphiregulin was the most overexpressed protei...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Dysregulated N6-methyladenosine modification in peripheral immune cells contributes to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurogenerative disorder with uncertain origins. Emerging evidence implicates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in ALS pathogenesis. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and liquid chromatography –mass spectrometry were utilized for m6A profiling in peripheral immune cells and serum proteome analysis, respectively, in patients with ALS (n = 16) and controls (n = 6). The single-cell transcriptomic dataset (GSE174332) of primary motor cortex was further analyzed to illuminate the biological implications of differentially methylated genes ...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 16, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Arginine methylation of ALKBH5 by PRMT6 promotes breast tumorigenesis via LDHA-mediated glycolysis
AbstractALKBH5 is a master regulator of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, which plays a crucial role in many biological processes. Here, we show that ALKBH5 is required for breast tumor growth. Interestingly, PRMT6 directly methylates ALKBH5 at R283, which subsequently promotes breast tumor growth. Furthermore, arginine methylation of ALKBH5 by PRMT6 increases LDHA RNA stability via m6A demethylation, leading to increased aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, PRMT6-mediated ALKBH5 arginine methylation is confirmed in PRMT6-knockout mice. Collectively, these findings identify a PRMT6-ALKBH5-LDHA signaling axis as a novel targe...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 11, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Immune landscape and response to oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy
In conclusion, this review offers a concise and comprehensive synopsis of the current status and future prospects of OV-based immunotherapy, underscoring its remarkable potential as an effective immunotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment. (Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Gut microbiota-dependent phenylacetylglutamine in cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and new insights
AbstractPhenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) is an amino acid derivate that comes from the amino acid phenylalanine. There are increasing studies showing that the level of PAGln is associated with the risk of different cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we discussed the metabolic pathway of PAGln production and the quantitative measurement methods of PAGln. We summarized the epidemiological evidence to show the role of PAGln in diagnostic and prognostic value in several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, coronary heart disease/atherosclerosis, and cardiac arrhythmia. The underlying mechanism of PAGln is now con...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - March 1, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease post-CAR-T cell therapy
AbstractEpstein –Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV-LPDs) are common complications that occur after solid organ transplantation or allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). However, their occurrence and treatment post-chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell th erapy has not been reported. Two patients had been diagnosed with EBV-positive aggressive B-cell lymphoma and experienced relapses after multiple lines of treatment. After receiving CAR-T cell therapy in tandem with autologous HSCT, the patients achieved complete remission. However, with a median ti me of 38.5 m...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Revisiting China ’s response to coronavirus disease 2019
(Source: Frontiers of Medicine)
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - February 1, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair
AbstractExosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound healing. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and beyond. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells, have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue repair. One advantage of exosome therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy, such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell types. However, further rese...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - January 13, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Unraveling the complex roles of macrophages in obese adipose tissue: an overview
AbstractMacrophages, a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells, exhibit remarkable plasticity and play pivotal roles in coordinating immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis within the context of metabolic diseases. The activation of inflammatory macrophages in obese adipose tissue leads to detrimental effects, inducing insulin resistance through increased inflammation, impaired thermogenesis, and adipose tissue fibrosis. Meanwhile, adipose tissue macrophages also play a beneficial role in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis by regulating angiogenesis, facilitating the clearance of dead adipocytes, an...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - January 2, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Small-molecule anti-COVID-19 drugs and a focus on China ’s homegrown mindeudesivir (VV116)
AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has stimulated tremendous efforts to develop therapeutic agents that target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to control viral infection. So far, a few small-molecule antiviral drugs, including nirmatrelvir –ritonavir (Paxlovid), remdesivir, and molnupiravir have been marketed for the treatment of COVID-19. Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir has been recommended by the World Health Organization as an early treatment for outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. However, the existing treatment options have li mitations, and effective treatment strategies that ...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - January 2, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of Coronavirus disease 2019-associated stroke
AbstractThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has triggered a huge impact on healthcare, socioeconomics, and other aspects of the world over the past three years. An increasing number of studies have identified a complex relationship between COVID-19 and stroke, although active measures are being implemented to prevent disease transmission. Severe COVID-19 may be associated with an increased risk of stroke and increase the rates of disability and mortality, posing a serious challenge to acute stroke diagnosis, treatment, and care. This review aims to provide an update on the influence of COVID-19 itself or vacci...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - January 2, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Pathogen evolution, prevention/control strategy and clinical features of COVID-19: experiences from China
AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was reported at the end of 2019 as a worldwide health concern causing a pandemic of unusual viral pneumonia and many other organ damages, which was defined by the World Health Organization as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The pandemic is considered a significant threat to global public health till now. In this review, we have summarized the lessons learnt during the emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2, including its prototype and variants. The overall clinical features of variants of concern (VOC), heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations, radio...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - December 29, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19
AbstractTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the se...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - December 29, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Multi-omics joint analysis revealed the metabolic profile of retroperitoneal liposarcoma
AbstractRetroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is the main subtype of retroperitoneal soft sarcoma (RSTS) and has a poor prognosis and few treatment options, except for surgery. The proteomic and metabolic profiles of RLPS have remained unclear. The aim of our study was to reveal the metabolic profile of RLPS. Here, we performed proteomic analysis (n = 10), metabolomic analysis (n = 51), and lipidomic analysis (n = 50) of retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma (RDDLPS) and retroperitoneal well-differentiated liposarcoma (RWDLPS) tissue and paired adjacent adipose tissue obtained during surgery. Data analysis mainly revea...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - December 29, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Decitabine induces IRF7-mediated immune responses in p53-mutated triple-negative breast cancer: a clinical and translational study
Abstractp53 is mutated in half of cancer cases. However, no p53-targeting drugs have been approved. Here, we reposition decitabine for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype with frequent p53 mutations and extremely poor prognosis. In a retrospective study on tissue microarrays with 132 TNBC cases, DNMT1 overexpression was associated with p53 mutations (P = 0.037) and poor overall survival (OS) (P = 0.010). In a prospective DEciTabinE and Carboplatin in TNBC (DETECT) trial (NCT03295552), decitabine with carboplatin produced an objective response rate (ORR) of 42% in 12 patients with stage IV TNBC. Among the 9 tria...
Source: Frontiers of Medicine - December 29, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research