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Total 337 results found since Jan 2013.

Environmental Pollution: An Under-recognized Threat to Children’s Health, Especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusions Patterns of disease are changing rapidly in LMICs. Pollution-related chronic diseases are becoming more common. This shift presents a particular problem for children, who are proportionately more heavily exposed than are adults to environmental pollutants and for whom these exposures are especially dangerous. Better quantification of environmental exposures and stepped-up efforts to understand how to prevent exposures that cause disease are needed in LMICs and around the globe. To confront the global problem of disease caused by pollution, improved programs of public health monitoring and environmental protecti...
Source: EHP Research - March 1, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Web Admin Tags: Brief Communication March 2016 Source Type: research

Development and psychometric properties of ECPICID‐AVC to measure informal caregivers’ skills when caring for older stroke survivors at home
ConclusionThe psychometric properties of the measurement tool showed acceptable results allowing its implementation in clinical practice by the nursing community staff for evaluating practical skills in informal caregivers when providing care to older stroke survivors living at home.
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences - February 29, 2016 Category: Nursing Authors: Odete Araújo, Isabel Lage, José Cabrita, Laetitia Teixeira Tags: Empirical Studies Source Type: research

Symptoms of stroke-related visual impairment.
CONCLUSIONS: Of those with no visual symptoms, 85% had objectively measured visual impairment. Conversely, 6.5% of those with visual symptoms had normal orthoptic examinations. Thus the presence or absence of visual symptoms does not infer absence or presence of visual impairment and may relate to recovery of visual impairment, cognitive, or communication impairment. PMID: 23713941 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Strabismus - February 18, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Strabismus Source Type: research

Cardiac eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: rapid imaging with contrast CT and contrast echo aids early diagnosis
A 49-year-old male asthmatic (on Montelukast) with multiple sclerosis presented with shortness of breath and generalised weakness. On examination, he was in cardiac failure with a systolic murmur, rapid atrial fibrillation and weakness in all four limbs with slurred speech. His white cell count was 37x109/L, eosinophils 25x109/L, urea 13.6 mmol/L, creatinine 131 μmol/L, troponin I 4448 ng/L, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) weakly positive (negative myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3)). Differential diagnoses included stroke, myocarditis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangii...
Source: Heart Asia - February 4, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Abraham, D., Freeman, L. J. Tags: Images in cardiovascular medicine Source Type: research

A risk assessment tool incorporating new biomarkers for cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndromes: the Organization to Assess Strategies in Ischemic Syndromes (OASIS) risk score
Conclusions The addition of NT-proBNP and hemoglobin A1C to 5 standard variables creates a 7-variable risk score that improves prediction of cardiovascular events at 1 year and aids in risk-based selection of NSTEACS patients for dual antiplatelet therapy. Teaser Several new biomarkers improve risk stratification in non-ST-segment elevation ACS, however they are not integrated into risk prediction tools. A risk score to predict CV death/MI/stroke was developed by incorporating new biomarkers with standard variables. The addition of NT-proBNP and hemoglobin A1C to 5 standard variables (age, prior MI/stroke, sex, ST-segment ...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - February 3, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The merging burden of HIV infection and stroke in the developing world
According to the WHO, at the end of 2014, the majority of the approximately 36.9 million people living with HIV/AIDS resided in low- to middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa.1 The same report indicated that cases in sub-Saharan Africa account for almost 70% of the global total of new HIV infections.1 The burden of stroke in developing countries parallels that of HIV/AIDS. Approximately 80% of people who have had a stroke live in low- to middle-income nations.2 Over the past 4 decades, stroke incidence in these countries has increased by more than 100%.3 In developing nations, HIV/AIDS and stroke are not mutually ex...
Source: Neurology - January 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Behrouz, R., Gottesman, R. F. Tags: Stroke in young adults, HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Presentation and Rehabilitation In A Patient With Toxoplasmosis Encephalitis: A Case Study and Review
Publication date: Available online 22 January 2016 Source:PM&R Author(s): Ryan Mattie, Zack McCormick, Henry Huie Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic infection that often presents in the setting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The infection can cause severe and potentially fatal encephalitis due to the reactivation of latent infections in the setting of immune suppression. Diagnosing toxoplasmosis encephalitis in immunocompromised patients is often difficult because the signs and symptoms can be non-specific, but making a diagnosis of TE is even more challenging in a patient who is not known to...
Source: PMandR - January 22, 2016 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Low to moderate quality evidence demonstrates the potential benefits and adverse events of cannabinoids for certain medical indications
Commentary on: Whiting PF, Wolff RF, Deshpande S, et al.. Cannabinoids for medical use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2015;313:2456–73. Context As of September 2015, 23 states and the District of Columbia in the USA legalised the medicinal use of marijuana, underscoring the need for physicians to understand the science underlying medical marijuana as well as the practical issues associated with it. For years policymakers, scientists and physicians alike have debated the potential risks associated with marijuana use.1 Now marijuana's utility as a treatment for certain medical indications has taken focus....
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Hill, K. P., Hurley-Welljams-Dorof, W. M. Tags: Sexual transmitted infections (viral), Clinical trials (epidemiology), General practice / family medicine, Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), HIV/AIDS, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Pain (neurology), Sleep disorders (neurology), Stroke, Ophthalmolo Source Type: research

Clinical round-up
HIV and stroke The association between HIV infection and coronary heart disease and haemorrhagic stroke has already been described1–3 but less is known about ischaemic stroke. Sico et al4 looked at the risk factors for ischaemic stroke in HIV+ individuals as part of the Veterans Administration Cohort Study, a study of clinical and laboratory data sets collected from 99 688 US veterans. They compared HIV+ patients with HIV– controls matched for age, sex race/ethnicity and clinical site over a 6-year period from 2003 to 2009, and after women and those with baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke were...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 20, 2016 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Herbert, S., Haddow, L. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Contraception, Drugs: obstetrics and gynaecology, Reproductive medicine, HIV / AIDS, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, Health education, Smoking Clinical round-up Source Type: research

Frequency and Risk Factors for Cerebral Arterial Disease in a HIV/AIDS Neuroimaging Cohort
Conclusions: There was a high frequency of cerebral arterial disease in this neuroimaging cohort of HIV/AIDS patients. A history of cART use and a history of tobacco abuse were independent risk factors for vasculopathy, though these findings should be confirmed with large-scale prospective studies.Cerebrovasc Dis 2016;41:170-176
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Validation of a patient decision aid for choosing between dabigatran and warfarin for atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSION: Our DA to allow patients to make an informed decision with their physician regarding dabigatran versus warfarin in AF, proved understandable, comprehensive and helpful. PMID: 24163147 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology - October 26, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Net Clinical Benefits of Guidelines and Decision Tool Recommendations for Oral Anticoagulant Use among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
The 2012 American College of Chest Physicians' Evidence-Based Clinical Practice (CHEST), the 2012 European Society of Cardiology, and the 2014 American Heart Association guidelines and published decision tools by LaHaye and Casciano offer oral anticoagulant (OAC) recommendations for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of our study was to compare the net clinical benefit (NCB) of OAC prescribing that was concordant with these decision aids.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 15, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Anand R. Shewale, Jill T. Johnson, Chenghui Li, David Nelsen, Bradley C. Martin Source Type: research

Identifying and Describing the Impact of Cyclone, Storm and Flood Related Disasters on Treatment Management, Care and Exacerbations of Non-communicable Diseases and the Implications for Public Health
Conclusion Cyclone, flood and storm related disasters impact on treatment management and overall care for people with NCDs. This results in an increased risk of exacerbation of illness or even death. The interruption may be caused by a range of factors, such as damaged transport routes, reduced health services, loss of power and evacuations. The health impact varies according to the NCD. For people with chronic respiratory diseases, a disaster increases the risk of acute exacerbation. Meanwhile, for people with cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes there is an increased risk of their illness exacerbating, which can ...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - September 28, 2015 Category: Global & Universal Authors: jc164421 Source Type: research

The Role of Decision Aids in Depression Care
Clarion calls about enhancing detection and management of depression in primary care have reiterated several truisms: Depression is as prevalent as many common medical disorders, treatable yet frequently undertreated, responsible for enormous occupational and social impairment as well as adverse effects on the costs, treatment outcomes, and mortality of comorbid medical diseases. Depression is second only to low back pain in years lived with disability (YLD), a metric that incorporates disease prevalence, age of onset, chronicity, and impairment. The YLDs attributable to depression exceed those accounted for by diabetes, i...
Source: JAMA Internal Medicine - September 28, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research

Multiple intracerebral lesions in a young male
Conclusion: We are presenting this case to highlight the fact that cerebral toxoplasmosis should be  considered in the differential diagnosis of multiple neuroparenchymal lesions in young individuals who present with neurological deficits.Keywords: Cerebral toxoplasmosis; HIV/AIDS; Tuberculoma; Neurocysticercosis
Source: African Health Sciences - September 9, 2015 Category: African Health Source Type: research