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Total 337 results found since Jan 2013.

Cardiovascular disease risk among women living with HIV in North America and Europe
Purpose of review To examine the epidemiology and mechanistic underpinnings of heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in North America and Europe. Recent findings WLHIV in North America and Europe exhibit high CVD incidence rates, which are at par with those of compatriot men living with HIV. Compared with uninfected women, WLHIV in these regions face a 2–4-fold increased relative risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. HIV-associated CVD risk is fuelled by a negative synergy of traditional cardiometabolic risk factors and heightened systemic immune activa...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - November 1, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN HIV INFECTED PERSONS: Edited by Franck Boccara and Cameron J. Holloway Source Type: research

Factors Mediating Outcome After Stroke: Gender, Thrombolysis, and Their Interaction
AbstractSeveral studies, but not all, have shown that women benefit more from intravenous thrombolysis than men; few have accounted for pre-stroke mobility. Our aim was to determine whether there was an interaction between gender and thrombolysis treatment in 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, after adjusting for pre-stroke mobility. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 1390 consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted between October 2012 and July 2015. The 3-month mRS was obtained from clinic visits. Thrombolysis-by-gender interaction was evaluated in univariate and multivariate analyses using ordinal ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Use of direct oral anticoagulants for treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with HIV: a review
Purpose of review: Atrial fibrillation is increasingly common in the ageing population. Patients with atrial fibrillation and HIV have a higher stroke risk, with guidelines recommending anticoagulation in the majority. Whilst anticoagulation options have diversified in the last decade for the general population, there is limited evidence for the safety and efficacy of these medications when used concurrently with antiretroviral therapy. We review the potential for patients with HIV on antiretroviral therapy to have direct-acting oral anticoagulations (DOACs). Recent findings: Several case reports have been published in th...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN HIV INFECTED PERSONS: Edited by Franck Boccara and Cameron J. Holloway Source Type: research

Cardiovascular disease risk among women living with HIV in North America and Europe
Purpose of review: To examine the epidemiology and mechanistic underpinnings of heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in North America and Europe. Recent findings: WLHIV in North America and Europe exhibit high CVD incidence rates, which are at par with those of compatriot men living with HIV. Compared with uninfected women, WLHIV in these regions face a 2–4-fold increased relative risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure. HIV-associated CVD risk is fuelled by a negative synergy of traditional cardiometabolic risk factors and heightened systemic immune activati...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN HIV INFECTED PERSONS: Edited by Franck Boccara and Cameron J. Holloway Source Type: research

Fidelity to a motivational interviewing intervention for those with post-stroke aphasia: a small-scale feasibility study.
This study aimed to explore the feasibility of motivational interviewing (MI) in people with post-stroke aphasia. METHODS: In a small-scale feasibility study, consecutive patients admitted to an acute stroke ward were screened for eligibility. People with moderate to severe aphasia were eligible. Those consenting received an intervention consisting of up to eight MI sessions delivered twice per week over four weeks. Sessions were modified using aids and adaptations for aphasia. Session quality was measured using the Motivational Interviewing Skills Code (MISC) to assess MI fidelity. RESULTS: Three consenting pati...
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - September 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Holland EJ, Watkins CL, Boaden E, Lightbody CE Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research

Cardiovascular outcomes among HIV-infected veterans receiving atazanavir
Conclusion: Among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients in the Veterans Health Administration initiating ATV-containing regimens, risk of both MI and stroke were significantly lower than in those initiating regimens containing other protease inhibitors, NNRTIs, or INSTIs.
Source: AIDS - September 15, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion: To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774 Received: 16 February 2017 Revised: 22 May 2017 Accepted: 24 May 2017 Published: 22 August 2017 Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Visual Aids for Improving Patient Decision Making in Severe Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Because of the large amount of information to process and the limited time of a clinical consult, choosing between carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid angioplasty with stenting (CAS) can be confusing for patients with severe symptomatic internal carotid stenosis (ICA).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sebastian Fridman, Gustavo Saposnik, Luciano A. Sposato Source Type: research

Influence of decision aids on oral anticoagulant prescribing among physicians: a randomised trial
ConclusionsRisks could be communicated using decision aids with only one graphic. Showing the risk of stroke at 5 years could increase the prescription of OACs to patients with AF. Faced with the same risk of stroke, physicians prescribed less to themselves than to patients.
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - July 28, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Cristian Baicus, Caterina Delcea, Alina Dima, Emilia Oprisan, Ciprian Jurcut, Gheorghe Andrei Dan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Influence of decision ‐aids on oral anticoagulant prescribing among physicians: a randomized trial
ConclusionsRisks could be communicated using decision aids with only one graphic. Showing the risk of stroke at 5 years could increase the prescription of OACs to patients with AF. Faced with the same risk of stroke, physicians prescribed less to themselves than to patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - July 6, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Cristian Baicus, Caterina Delcea, Alina Dima, Emilia Oprisan, Ciprian Jurcut, Gheorghe Andrei Dan Tags: Original Paper Source Type: research

Impact of aging on neurocognitive performance in previously antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected individuals on their first suppressive regimen
Conclusion: Despite continued virologic suppression and neurocognitive improvement in the cohort as a whole, older individuals were more likely to have neurocognitive impairment than younger individuals.
Source: AIDS - June 30, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Availability of patient decision aids for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review
The objective of this review was to examine the existence and accessibility of, as well as select outcomes associated with, published, formally evaluated patient decision aids for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Methods Six databases were searched from inception to March 2016 with a research librarian. Two authors independently reviewed potential articles, selected trials meeting inclusion criteria, and assessed outcome measures. Outcomes included: patient knowledge, involvement, choice, and decisional conflict. Results The search resulted in 666 articles; most were excluded for not examining stroke prevention in...
Source: American Heart Journal - June 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Hypertension in HIV: Management and Treatment.
Abstract Hypertension is among the leading risk factors for cardiovascular disease and accounts for 6% of adult deaths worldwide. It is estimated that in 2013, hypertension was responsible for at least 45% of deaths due to heart disease and 51% of deaths due to stroke. Accordingly, management of hypertension and its long-term complications in HIV-infected subjects is a significant component of routine care. The choice of an effective anti-hypertensive therapy in HIV-infected patients is important and must be made carefully in order to prevent cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in these patients. PMID: 285...
Source: AIDS Reviews - May 23, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ucciferri C, Falasca K, Vecchiet J Tags: AIDS Rev Source Type: research

HIV infection, hypercoagulability and ischaemic stroke in adults at the University Teaching Hospital in Zambia: a case control study
In Zambia, 14.2% of adults have HIV/AIDS. There has been a substantial and significant increase in patients hospitalized for ischaemic stroke with co-existing HIV infection. However, little is known about the ...
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - May 18, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Stanley Zimba, Patrice Mukomena Ntanda, Shabir Lakhi and Masharip Atadzhanov Source Type: research

Post-Stroke Disability at a National Referral Hospital in Tanzania (P3.322)
Conclusions:In this low-resource setting, individuals with stroke face a severe burden of disability and high risk of mortality. The majority of participants experienced severe deficits following stroke, as assessed through NIHSS and mRS. While this study may be limited by referral bias, the high toll of disability among this population suggests that post-stroke disability places a significant burden on Tanzanian families and society.Study Supported by:This abstract was made possible with help from the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded program (P30 AI060354), subgrant to F. Mateen.Disclosure...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wibecan, L., Mmbando, T., Grundy, S., Klein, J., Mateen, F., Okengo, K. Tags: Global Health Source Type: research