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Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 343 results found since Jan 2013.

Glycaemic, Blood Pressure and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Control in Adult Patients with Diabetes in Singapore: A Review of Singapore Literature Over Two Decades.
CONCLUSION: Mirroring global patterns, the glycaemic, BP and LDL-C control in adult diabetic patients in Singapore do not appear to be treated to target in the majority of patients. PMID: 29177366 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore - October 1, 2017 Category: General Medicine Authors: Poh Z, Venkataraman K, Toh SE, Low LL Tags: Ann Acad Med Singapore Source Type: research

Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure: a Therapeutic Challenge of Our Times.
Authors: Batul SA, Gopinathannair R Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) are growing cardiovascular disease epidemics worldwide. There has been an exponential increase in the prevalence of AF and HF correlating with an increased burden of cardiac risk factors and improved survival rates in patients with structural heart disease. AF is associated with adverse prognostic outcomes in HF and is most evident in mild-to-moderate left ventricular (LV) dysfunction where the loss of "atrial kick" translates into poorer quality of life and increased mortality. In the absence of underlying structural heart...
Source: Korean Circulation Journal - September 29, 2017 Category: Cardiology Tags: Korean Circ J Source Type: research

Melanocortin neurons: Multiple routes to regulation of metabolism
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Melanocortin Receptors - edited by Ya-Xiong Tao.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - September 19, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Neurosyphilis in Africa: A systematic review
DiscussionThis is the first systematic review of the literature on neurosyphilis in Africa since the beginning of the HIV epidemic. Neurosyphilis continues to be reported as a manifestation of both early and late syphilis, but the methodological quality of the majority of the included studies was poor. Future well-designed prospective studies are needed to better delineate the incidence and clinical spectrum of neurosyphilis in Africa and to better define interactions with HIV in this setting.
Source: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases - August 31, 2017 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Michael Marks Source Type: research

Associations between Greenness, Impervious Surface Area, and Nighttime Lights on Biomarkers of Vascular Aging in Chennai, India
Conclusion: Greenness, ISA, and NTL were associated with increased SBP, DBP, and cPP, and with reduced FMD, suggesting a possible additional EVA pathway for the relationship between urbanization and increased CVD prevalence in urban India. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP541 Received: 20 May 2016 Revised: 03 January 2017 Accepted: 23 January 2017 Published: 02 August 2017 Address correspondence to K.J. Lane, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 195 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. Telephone: (781) 696-4537; Email: kevin.lane@yale.edu Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289...
Source: EHP Research - August 2, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Adolescent weight gain confers long-term increased stroke risk: Weighty matters
Adult obesity has been consistently associated with risk of total, ischemic, and hemorrhagic stroke1–3; however, the degree to which change in weight and body mass index (BMI) during late childhood and adolescence affects adult risk of stroke has remained uncertain. Understanding this relationship is of particular importance given the rising obesity epidemic during childhood and adolescence.
Source: Neurology - July 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Rexrode, K. M., Kimm, S. Y. S. Tags: All Pediatric, Adolescence, Cohort studies, Infarction, Intracerebral hemorrhage EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Pediatric Strokes: The Who, What, When, and Beyond...A Patient and Family Guide
Abstract The prevalence of pediatric strokes, incidence of delay in treatment, and misdiagnosis has become an epidemic in healthcare. The purpose of this poster presentation is to provide education to healthcare professionals related to the extensive care required for pediatric stroke patients, from diagnosis until adulthood. As healthcare professionals, we must be educated and aware that pediatric strokes (one of the top 10 causes of death in children aged 1–19 years) occur and their recovery includes a multidisciplinary approach. We have developed an educational booklet for patients and parents that includes diagnose...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing - July 1, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Pediatric Strokes: The Who, What, When, and Beyond...: A Patient and Family Guide
The prevalence of pediatric strokes, incidence of delay in treatment, and misdiagnosis has become an epidemic in healthcare. The purpose of this poster presentation is to provide education to healthcare professionals related to the extensive care required for pediatric stroke patients, from diagnosis until adulthood. As healthcare professionals, we must be educated and aware that pediatric strokes (one of the top 10 causes of death in children aged 1-19 years) occur and their recovery includes a multidisciplinary approach. We have developed an educational booklet for patients and parents that includes diagnoses through all...
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgical Nursing - July 1, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Poster Abstracts Source Type: research

Stroke is a global epidemic: new developments in clinical and translational cerebrovascular diseases research.
Authors: Li WA, Geng X, Ding Y PMID: 28531374 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neurological Research - May 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Melanocortin neurons: multiple routes to regulation of metabolism.
Abstract The burden of disability, premature death, escalating health care costs and lost economic productivity due to obesity and its associated complications including hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes is staggering [1, 2]. A better understanding of metabolic homeostatic pathways will provide us with insights into the biological mechanisms of obesity and how to fundamentally address this epidemic [3-6]. In mammals, energy balance is maintained via a homeostatic system involving both peripheral and central melanocortin systems; changes in body weight reflect an unbalance of the ener...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - May 9, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shen WJ, Yao T, Kong X, Williams KW, Liu T Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

Zika associated Guillain-Barre syndrome in the United States (P2.327)
Conclusions:Zika can induce GBS after a brief viral illness. Neuropathy can be a mixture of demyelinating and axonal. Dysautonomia may also be present including severe dysphagia, orthostatics and retention.Zika RNA has a short detection window in serum and CSF making a diagnosis time sensitive. Serological assays using IgM and IgG cross-react with other flaviviruses making them unable to differentiate between recent Zika exposure and cross reactivity with Dengue and Chikungunya. Our pt likely had prior exposure to Dengue, being from an endemic area. Prior Dengue exposure may possibly modulate the response to Zika via antib...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Tantillo, G., Sclar, G., Vasa, C., Shin, S., Sivak, M. Tags: Zika, Chikungunya, West Nile Virus, and Other Viral Infections I Source Type: research

Achieving better detection of vascular risk factors for stroke prevention (P4.062)
Conclusions:The concept of vital station is a useful means of detecting vascular risk factor before appearance of noticeable symptoms and thus offers the benefit of being able to treat the disease much earlier which can lead to reduction of disease burden & economic losses and thus offers better health outcome.Disclosure: Dr. Mehndiratta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wadhai has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mehndiratta, M. M., Wadhai, S. Tags: General Neurology: Vascular Neurology Source Type: research

New Evidence Linking Obesity and Food Addiction
Obesity rates have skyrocketed over the past few decades. In the United States, approximately 35% of adults are now considered obese, with more than 60% categorized as overweight (1). The health consequences of obesity are substantial. Obesity increases the risk of developing several debilitating conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and mental illness. Because the global obesity epidemic is generally believed to be caused by excessive caloric intake, there has been increasing interest in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms contributing to overeating, defined as continued eating in the absence of me...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Elise C. Cope, Elizabeth Gould Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Migraine and the Risk of Carotid Artery Dissection
Stroke incidence is increasing among patients aged 40 to 60 years —faster than in older age cohorts. Preliminary evidence suggests that ischemic stroke—not hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage—accounts for the increase. Many speculate that increasing incidences of classic vascular risk factors among young patients contribute to the increased incidence of st roke. Certainly, we are all aware of the obesity epidemic and continued prevalence of smoking, leading to premature atherosclerosis. Furthermore, equally relevant causes of stroke in the young include migraine, drug abuse, cervical arterial dissections, patent fo...
Source: JAMA Neurology - March 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Editorial commentary: New drugs for diabetes: Finally safety and cardiovascular efficacy
Diabetes mellitus has emerged as the epidemic of the modern age [1]. Concomitant with this, we have witnessed a rise in the complications of this condition, with diabetes now the number one cause of end stage renal failure in developed nations and ~75% of deaths in the overall diabetic population being related to cardiovascular disease, primarily stroke, myocardial infarction and heart failure [2].
Source: Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim A. Connelly Source Type: research