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Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 343 results found since Jan 2013.

Hypertension: Do Inflammation and Immunity Hold the Key to Solving this Epidemic?
Circ Res. 2021 Apr 2;128(7):908-933. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.318052. Epub 2021 Apr 1.ABSTRACTElevated cardiovascular risk including stroke, heart failure, and heart attack is present even after normalization of blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Underlying immune cell activation is a likely culprit. Although immune cells are important for protection against invading pathogens, their chronic overactivation may lead to tissue damage and high blood pressure. Triggers that may initiate immune activation include viral infections, autoimmunity, and lifestyle factors such as excess dietary salt. These conditions ac...
Source: Circulation Research - April 1, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Meena S Madhur Fernando Elijovich Matthew R Alexander Ashley Pitzer Jeanne Ishimwe Justin P Van Beusecum David M Patrick Charles D Smart Thomas R Kleyman Justin Kingery Robert N Peck Cheryl L Laffer Annet Kirabo Source Type: research

COVID-19-Associated Acute Brain Dysfunction Related to Sepsis
J Clin Med Res. 2021 Feb;13(2):82-91. doi: 10.14740/jocmr4437. Epub 2021 Feb 25.ABSTRACTIn global term, as of November 30, 2020, over 30 million people has been infected by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and more than 10,000,000 of them died of acute organ failure. Our reviews have shown that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have life-threatening acute brain dysfunction (ABD), ranging from altered mental status/delirium to stupor/coma. Altered mental status/delirium was the most common manifestation of ABD cause...
Source: Clin Med Res - March 22, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Dao Ming Tong Ye Ting Zhou Yuan Wei Wang Source Type: research

Potential impact of gradual reduction of fat content in manufactured and out-of-home food on obesity in the United Kingdom: a modeling study
CONCLUSIONS: A modest fat reduction (particularly in SFA) in widely consumed foods would prevent obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.PMID:33677474 | DOI:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa396
Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - March 7, 2021 Category: Nutrition Authors: Roberta Alessandrini Feng J He Yuan Ma Vincenzo Scrutinio David S Wald Graham A MacGregor Source Type: research

The Endothelium as a Therapeutic Target in Diabetes: A Narrative Review and Perspective
Diabetes has reached worldwide epidemic proportions, and threatens to be a significant economic burden to both patients and healthcare systems, and an important driver of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Improvement in lifestyle interventions (which includes increase in physical activity via exercise) can reduce diabetes and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity. Encouraging a population to increase physical activity and exercise is not a simple feat particularly in individuals with co-morbidities (obesity, heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and those with cognitive and physical limitations...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - February 23, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Bending the Curve in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Bethesda + 40 and Beyond
This report summarizes the relevant research, policy, and practice opportunities discussed at the symposium.PMID:33617315 | DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046501
Source: Circulation - February 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: David Calvin Goff Sadiya Sana Khan Donald Lloyd-Jones Donna K Arnett Mercedes R Carnethon Darwin R Labarthe Matthew Shane Loop Russell V Luepker Michael V McConnell George A Mensah Mahasin S Mujahid Martin Enrique O'Flaherty Dorairaj Prabhakaran V éroniq Source Type: research

Burden of stroke in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A soaring epidemic
Publication date: Available online 12 February 2021Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical JournalAuthor(s): Rehana Basri, Rakhi Issrani, Siew Hua Gan, Namdeo Prabhu, Mohammad Khursheed Alam
Source: Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal - February 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke, obesity, and the anti ‐inflammatory role of melatonin
AbstractObesity is a predominant risk factor in ischemic stroke and is commonly comorbid with it. Pathologies following these conditions are associated with systemic and local inflammation. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that the susceptibility for ischemic brain damage increases substantially in experimental models of ischemic stroke with concomitant obesity. Herein, we explore the proinflammatory events that occur during ischemic stroke and obesity, and we discuss the influence of obesity on the inflammatory response and cerebral damage outcomes in experimental models of brain ischemia. In addition, because melat...
Source: BioFactors - February 10, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nuttapong Yawoot, Piyarat Govitrapong, Chainarong Tocharus, Jiraporn Tocharus Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Obesity and Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.
Abstract The epidemic of obesity is a major challenge for health policymakers due to its far-reaching effects on population health and potentially overwhelming financial burden on healthcare systems. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing acute and chronic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Interestingly, the metabolic dysregulation associated with obesity is similar to that observed in normal aging, and substantial evidence suggests the potential of obesity to accelerate aging. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of...
Source: Ageing Research Reviews - February 5, 2021 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Santos AL, Sinha S Tags: Ageing Res Rev Source Type: research