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Total 421 results found since Jan 2013.

Impact of Active Antihyperglycemic Components as herbal therapy for Preventive Health Care Management of Diabetes.
Abstract Diabetes is a metabolic hyperglycemic condition that progressively develops, effect small and large sensory fibers in affected population. It has various complications as hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, blindness, kidney disease as well as peripheral neuropathy. Sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, metformin, biguanidine, acarbose and insulin are commonly used drugs by diabetic patients, but these all have certain side effects. Even metformin, that is known as the miracle drug for diabetes has been found to be associated with side effects, as during treatment it involves complications with ey...
Source: Current Molecular Medicine - February 19, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Kashyap H, Gupta S, Bist R Tags: Curr Mol Med Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Protection with Anti-hyperglycemic Agents
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Conversely, CV disease is responsible for a majority of the deaths in patients with diabetes. Many drug trials have concentrated on blood glucose (hemoglobin A1c) reduction. This strategy, while reducing microvascular outcomes like nephropathy and neuropathy, has little or no effect on reducing macrovascular events like heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. It has been postulated that hypoglycemia may counterbalance some of the beneficial effects of anti-hyperglycemic agents, but this is not proven. Further, trial evidence for thiazolidine...
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - February 15, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Metformin reduces neuronal damage and promotes neuroblast proliferation and differentiation in a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat model
According to the previous research, metformin, a medication utilized for type 2 diabetes management, inhibits neural aging and reduces infarct size by enhancing angiogenesis in a mouse stroke model. What is more, metformin administration also promotes neural precursor cells proliferation, migration, as well as differentiation for newborn mice with hypoxia–ischemia brain injury. However, whether metformin regulates neurogenesis in an adult rat ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model remains unclear. The current research found that metformin administration reduced neuronal damage in the CA1 area of hippocampus in a rat model of I...
Source: NeuroReport - February 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: CELLULAR, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE Source Type: research

Metformin use in type 2 diabetic patients is not associated with lower arterial stiffness: the Maastricht Study
Conclusion: We showed that there is no significant association between current metformin use and aortic stiffness, regardless of how metformin use in itself was defined. In addition, metformin use was not associated with a lower carotid stiffness. The present results showed no beneficial effect of metformin use, dosage or duration on arterial stiffness in middle-aged patients with T2D. Alternatively, metformin may exerts its cardio-protective effects via other pathways.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - January 17, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Vessels Source Type: research

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: AGI may prevent or delay the development of T2DM in people with IGT. There is no firm evidence that AGI have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular mortality or cardiovascular events. PMID: 30592787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 28, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Moelands SV, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, De Grauw WJ, Van de Laar FA Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Use of liraglutide and risk of major cardiovascular events: a register-based cohort study in Denmark and Sweden
Publication date: Available online 5 December 2018Source: The Lancet Diabetes & EndocrinologyAuthor(s): Henrik Svanström, Peter Ueda, Mads Melbye, Björn Eliasson, Ann-Marie Svensson, Stefan Franzén, Soffia Gudbjörnsdottir, Kristian Hveem, Christian Jonasson, Björn PasternakSummaryBackgroundTrial evidence shows that the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide significantly reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events among patients with type 2 diabetes who have established cardiovascular disease or are at high cardiovascular risk. We aimed to assess the cardiovascular effectiveness of liraglutide in rou...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - December 6, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The Impact of Metformin Use on the Cardiovascular Effects of DPP ‐4 Inhibitors: an Analysis of Medicare Claims Data 2007‐2015
ConclusionsIncidence rate differences in multiple cardiovascular outcomes appeared more favorable when DPP ‐4i initiation occurred in the presence of metformin, suggesting a possible interaction between DPP‐4i and metformin.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - November 20, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Matthew J. Crowley, Mugdha Gokhale, Virginia Pate, Til St ürmer, John B. Buse Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Metformin Preconditioning of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Stem Cells Promotes Their Engraftment and Improves Post-stroke Regeneration and Recovery
Stem Cells and Development, Ahead of Print.
Source: Stem Cells and Development - July 18, 2018 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Fares Ould-Brahim Sailendra Nath Sarma Charvi Syal Kevin Jiaqi Lu Matthew Seegobin Anthony Carter Matthew S. Jeffers Carole Dor é William L. Stanford Dale Corbett Jing Wang Source Type: research

Cellular stress and AMPK activation as a common mechanism of action linking the effects of metformin and diverse compounds that alleviate accelerated aging defects in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by an accelerated aging phenotype that typically leads to death via stroke or myocardial infarction at approximately 14.6  years of age. Most cases of HGPS have been linked to the extensive use of a cryptic splice donor site located in the LMNA gene due to a de novo mutation, generating a truncated and toxic protein known as progerin. Progerin accumulation in the nuclear membrane and within the nucleus distorts the n uclear architecture and negatively effects nuclear processes including DNA replication and repair, leading to accelerated ...
Source: Medical Hypotheses - July 2, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jahahreeh Finley Source Type: research

Leptin, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract Leptin, an adipokine that is implicated in the control of food intake via appetite suppression, may also stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombosis, arterial stiffness, angiogenesis and atherogenesis. These leptin-induced effects may predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases. In the present review we discuss the evidence linking leptin levels with the presence, severity and/or prognosis of both coronary artery disease and non-cardiac vascular diseases such as stroke, carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) as well as with chroni...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - June 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Combination of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists: potential benefits in surrogate and hard endpoints.
CONCLUSION: The combination of metformin with SGLT2i, GLP-1 RA, and a potent statin, in high CVD risk patients with DM, is expected to substantially reduce CVD mortality and morbidity, improving the quality of life of patients with DM at the same time. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding. PMID: 29865997 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - June 3, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Doumas M, Imprialos Κ, Stavropoulos K, Reklou A, Sachinidis A, Athyros VG Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The cardiovascular effect of incretin-based therapies among type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Incretin-based therapies show similar cardiovascular risk in comparison with metformin, insulin, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2. GLP-1RA could decrease the risk compared with sulfonylurea or placebo, while DPP-4I appears to have neutral effect on cardiovascular risk. PMID: 29320889 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Expert Opinion on Drug Safety - January 13, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Expert Opin Drug Saf Source Type: research

Metformin for the Management of Peri ‐operative Hyperglycemia
Perioperative hyperglycemia is an all too common issue (incidence 20‐40%) associated with significant surgical morbidity and mortality [1]. Often defined as a blood glucose >11.1mmol/L, peri‐operative hyperglycemia increases the risk for developing costly surgical site infections, sepsis, impairs wound healing, promotes endothelial dysfunction, thrombus formation, myocardial ischemia, stroke, neurocognitive dysfunction, prolongs length of hospitalization, and even death [2‐7].
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - November 9, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Russell Brown, James Paul Tags: LETTER TO THE EDITOR Source Type: research

Oral antidiabetic drugs and dementia risk: Does treatment matter?
As the population ages, dementia grows as a public health problem. The rising life expectancy and the aging of the so-called baby boomer cohort translate to a substantial number of people reaching ages of high risk for age-related conditions like dementia. As a major cause of disability and dependency in elderly people, dementia puts social and economic burden on patients and their families and affects health care systems worldwide. In the absence of a cure, primary prevention will have the largest effect on the reduction of dementia occurrence.1 Thus, public health research should focus on the identification of modifiable...
Source: Neurology - October 30, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Fink, A., Haenisch, B. Tags: All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Can we go beyond surrogates?
Two years ago, data presented at the annual American Diabetes Association (ADA) meeting in New Orleans showed a marked decrease in deaths, especially those due to cardiovascular disease, with the use of empagliflozin. Two major questions have been asked: (i) was the result a fluke; and (ii) was it a class effect, or was it specific to the agent used? The hope that both questions would be answered by a second study has been answered: the conclusions of EMPA‐REG were not an anomaly and it is a class effect, not one caused by a specific drug. Importantly, do these studies require us to alter our algorithms for the treatment...
Source: Journal of Diabetes - October 19, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Andrew Drexler Tags: Editorial Source Type: research