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Total 421 results found since Jan 2013.

Transient Postictal Hyperglycemia as a Diagnostic Clue of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like Episodes
CONCLUSION: Seizure-induced stress hyperglycemia is uncommon in normal individuals, but such kind of energy crisis may be pronounced in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction. Early diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases-related epilepsy and hyperglycemia is crucial since certain antiepileptic drugs (ex. Valproic acid) and antihyperglycemic agents (ex. Metformin) are contraindicated in patients with mitochondrial diseases. Our findings support that transient postictal hyperglycemia may be a red flag to consider the diagnosis of MELAS.PMID:35266136
Source: Acta Neurologica Taiwanica - March 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Nai-Yi Liao Liang-Yu Lin Chien Chen Yi-Chu Liao Yi-Chung Lee Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke and reperfusion therapies in diabetic patients
ConclusionThe study shed light on diabetic patients and stroke RT highlighting the protective effect of metformin in IVT and the role of glycemia, weight, and combined treatment in MT.
Source: Neurological Sciences - February 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Can I use DOAC in a patient with renal disease?
Case A 76-year-old man is diagnosed with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. His comorbid conditions are hypertension, diabetes complicated by neuropathy, and chronic kidney disease stage 3. His current medications include metformin, lisinopril, gabapentin, and aspirin. His most recent laboratories showed a creatinine 1.8, creatinine clearance (CrCl) 35 mL/min, hemoglobin 11g/dL, and international normalized ratio 1.0. His congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, stroke, vascular disease, and sex (CHADSVASc) score is 4. Which medication should we use to prevent stroke in this patient?  Brief overview of the is...
Source: The Hospitalist - February 3, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ronda Whitaker Tags: Renal & Genitourinary Source Type: research

Metformin versus sulphonylureas for new onset atrial fibrillation and stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based study
ConclusionsSulphonylurea use was associated with higher risks of incident AF, stroke, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality compared to metformin. Males and patients older than 65  years with sulphonylurea use were exposed to the highest risks.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - February 3, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association of Metformin with the Mortality and Incidence of Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Pre-existing Cardiovascular Diseases
ConclusionMetformin use is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, incidence of coronary revascularisation, and heart failure in patients with CVD; however, metformin usage was not associated with reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke.
Source: Drugs - January 15, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis based on propensity score-matched studies
Prim Care Diabetes. 2021 Dec 22:S1751-9918(21)00211-4. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.11.006. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are two novel classes of hypoglycemic agents. The relative cardiovascular effectiveness between these two drug classes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unestablished due to the absence of large cardiovascular outcome trials directly comparing DPP-4i with GLP-1RA. We aimed to incorporate large propensity score-matched cohort studies to conduct a meta-analysis, to determine the relative effectiveness of ...
Source: Primary Care - December 26, 2021 Category: Primary Care Authors: Le Xu Xiao-Qin Zheng Xiao-Xian Liao Source Type: research

Effects of co-administration of metformin and evogliptin on cerebral infarct volume in the diabetic rat
Exp Neurol. 2021 Nov 12:113922. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113922. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPatients with diabetes suffer more severe ischemic stroke. A combination of metformin and dipeptidyl peptide-4 inhibitors is commonly prescribed to treat diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to determine if pretreatment with a combination of metformin and evogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptide-4 inhibitor, could reduce cerebral infarct volume in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. After confirming diabetes induction, the rats were treated with vehicle, evogliptin, metformin, or evogliptin/metformin combination for 30 days. Then, s...
Source: Experimental Neurology - November 15, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Seong-Joon Lee Bok Seon Yoon Ji Man Hong Eun-Hye Joe Jin Soo Lee Source Type: research

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for people with cardiovascular disease: a network meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: Findings from both standard and network meta-analyses of moderate- to high-certainty evidence suggest that GLP-1RA and SGLT2i are likely to reduce the risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in people with established CVD; high-certainty evidence demonstrates that treatment with SGLT2i reduce the risk of hospitalisation for HF, while moderate-certainty evidence likely supports the use of GLP-1RA to reduce fatal and non-fatal stroke. Future studies conducted in the non-diabetic CVD population will reveal the mechanisms behind how these agents improve clinical outcomes irrespective of their glucose-lowerin...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 25, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Takayoshi Kanie Atsushi Mizuno Yoshimitsu Takaoka Takahiro Suzuki Daisuke Yoneoka Yuri Nishikawa Wilson Wai San Tam Jakub Morze Andrzej Rynkiewicz Yiqiao Xin Olivia Wu Rui Providencia Joey Sw Kwong Source Type: research