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Condition: Hypertension

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Total 587 results found since Jan 2013.

PMC, a potent hydrophilic α‐tocopherol derivative, inhibits NF‐κB activation via PP2A but not IκBα‐dependent signals in vascular smooth muscle cells
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of PMC in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to pro‐inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with interferon (IFN)‐γ. Treatment of LPS/IFN‐γ‐stimulated VSMCs with PMC suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in a concentration‐dependent manner. A reduction in LPS/IFN‐γ‐induced nuclear factor (NF)‐κB activation was also observed in PMC‐treated VSMCs. The translocation and phosphorylation of p65, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation and the fo...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - April 13, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cheng‐Ying Hsieh, George Hsiao, Ming‐Jen Hsu, Yi‐Hsuan Wang, Joen‐Rong Sheu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

PMC, a potent hydrophilic α-tocopherol derivative, inhibits NF-κB activation via PP2A but not IκBα-dependent signals in vascular smooth muscle cells.
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of PMC in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with interferon (IFN)-γ. Treatment of LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated VSMCs with PMC suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a concentration-dependent manner. A reduction in LPS/IFN-γ-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation was also observed in PMC-treated VSMCs. The translocation and phosphorylation of p65, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inactivation and the formation of reactive ...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - April 13, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hsieh CY, Hsiao G, Hsu MJ, Wang YH, Sheu JR Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Integrin β3 mediates cerebrovascular remodelling through Src/ClC‐3 volume‐regulated Cl− channel signalling pathway
Conclusions and ImplicationsIntegrin β3 mediates cerebrovascular remodelling during hypertension via Src/ClC‐3 signalling pathway.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - June 10, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jia‐Wei Zeng, Xiao‐Guang Wang, Ming‐Ming Ma, Xiao‐Fei Lv, Jie Liu, Jia‐Guo Zhou, Yong‐Yuan Guan Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Flow Shear Stress Enhances Intracellular Ca2+ Signaling in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells from Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
In conclusion, upregulated mechanosensitive channels (e.g., TRPM7, TRPV4, TRPC6) contribute to the enhanced [Ca(2+)]cyt increase induced by shear stress in PASMC from IPAH patients. Blockade of the mechanosensitive cation channels may represent a novel therapeutic approach for relieving elevated [Ca(2+)]cyt in PASMC and thereby inhibiting sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with IPAH. PMID: 24920677 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - June 11, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Song S, Yamamura A, Yamamura H, Ayon RJ, Smith KA, Tang H, Makino A, Yuan JX Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Elevated blood pressure: Our family's fault? The genetics of essential hypertension.
CONCLUSION: Genetic hypertension risk algorithms could be developed in the future but may be of limited benefit due to the multi-factorial nature of EH. With emerging technologies, like next-generation sequencing, more direct causal relationships between genetic and epigenetic factors affecting EH will likely be discovered creating a tremendous potential for personalized medicine using pharmacogenomics. PMID: 24944762 [PubMed]
Source: World Journal of Cardiology - May 26, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Natekar A, Olds RL, Lau MW, Min K, Imoto K, Slavin TP Tags: World J Cardiol Source Type: research

Nuclear IL-33 regulates soluble ST2 receptor and IL-6 expression in primary human arterial endothelial cells and is decreased in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
In conclusion, IL-33 regulates the expression of IL-6 and sST2, an endogenous IL-33 inhibitor, in primary human ECs and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH through recruitment of transcriptional repressor proteins. PMID: 25003325 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - July 5, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shao D, Perros F, Caramori G, Meng C, Dormuller P, Chou PC, Church C, Papi A, Casolari P, Welsh D, Peacock A, Humbert M, Adcock IM, Wort SJ Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Endothelin-1 driven proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells is c-fos dependent.
Abstract Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by enhanced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to vascular remodeling. Although, multiple factors have been associated with pathogenesis of PH the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we hypothesize that already very short exposure to hypoxia may activate molecular cascades leading to vascular remodeling. Microarray studies from lung homogenates of mice exposed to only three hours of hypoxia revealed endothelin-1 (ET-1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as the most upregulated genes, and the mitogen-activ...
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - July 9, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Biasin V, Chwalek K, Wilhelm J, Best J, Marsh LM, Ghanim A, Klepetko W, Fink L, Schermuly RT, Weissmann N, Olschewski A, Kwapiszewska G Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

MKP-1 is a target of miR-210 and mediate the negative regulation of miR-210 inhibitor on hypoxic hPASMC proliferation.
Abstract Chonic hypoxia, smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and vascular remodeling are hallmark features of pathogenic pulmonary artery hypertension. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), endogenously expressed small noncoding RNAs, regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiR-210 is considered a "master miRNA" in the control of diverse functions in hypoxic cells and tissues and has a cytoprotective function in pulmonary artery SMCs during hypoxic stress. MiR-210 is also upregulated in lung tissue of chonically hypoxic mice suffering from pulmonary hypertension. Yi et al. (XXXX) showed that mice deficient in...
Source: Cell Biology International - July 15, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Jin Y, Pang T, Nelin LD, Wang W, Wang Y, Yan J, Zhao C Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Flow shear stress enhances intracellular Ca2+ signaling in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
In conclusion, upregulated mechanosensitive channels (e.g., TRPM7, TRPV4, TRPC6) contribute to the enhanced [Ca2+]cyt increase induced by shear stress in PASMC from IPAH patients. Blockade of the mechanosensitive cation channels may represent a novel therapeutic approach for relieving elevated [Ca2+]cyt in PASMC and thereby inhibiting sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with IPAH.
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - August 15, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Song, S., Yamamura, A., Yamamura, H., Ayon, R. J., Smith, K. A., Tang, H., Makino, A., Yuan, J. X.- J. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

LOX-1, mtDNA damage, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages: implications in atherogenesis
Conclusions This study based on THP-1 macrophages and primary macrophages indicates that LOX-1-mediated autophagy and mtDNA damage play an essential role in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in inflammatory disease states.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - August 26, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ding, Z., Liu, S., Wang, X., Dai, Y., Khaidakov, M., Deng, X., Fan, Y., Xiang, D., Mehta, J. L. Tags: Vascular biology Source Type: research

Vascular oxidative stress upregulates angiotensin II type I receptors via mechanisms involving nuclear factor kappa B.
In conclusion, vascular oxidative can upregulate AT1R, via mechanisms involving NFκB, and contribute to the development of hypertension. PMID: 25198883 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clinical and Experimental Hypertension - September 14, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bhatt SR, Lokhandwala MF, Banday AA Tags: Clin Exp Hypertens Source Type: research

Tissue transglutaminase promotes serotonin-induced AKT signaling and mitogenesis in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells.
Abstract Tissue transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme that cross-links proteins with monoamines such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) via a transglutamidation reaction, and is associated with pathophysiologic vascular responses. 5-HT is a mitogen for pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) that has been linked to pulmonary vascular remodeling underlying pulmonary hypertension development. We previously reported that 5-HT-induced PASMC proliferation is inhibited by the TG2 inhibitor monodansylcadaverine (MDC); however, the mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study we hypoth...
Source: Cellular Signalling - September 9, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Penumatsa K, Abualkhair S, Wei L, Warburton R, Preston I, Hill NS, Watts SW, Fanburg BL, Toksoz D Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

Genistein alleviates pressure overload‐induced cardiac dysfunction and interstitial fibrosis in mice
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSGen improved cardiac function and inhibited cardiac fibrosis in response to pressure overload. The underlying mechanism may involve regulation of the MTA3/TAK1/MKK4/JNK signaling pathway. Gen may serve as a novel agent for prevention and therapy of cardiac disorders associated with fibrosis.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - November 3, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wei Qin, Ning Du, Longyin Zhang, Xianxian Wu, Yingying Hu, Xiaoguang Li, Nannan Shen, Yang Li, Baofeng Yang, Chaoqian Xu, Zhiwei Fang, Yanjie Lu, Yong Zhang, Zhimin Du Tags: Research Paper – Chinese innovation in cardiovascular drug Discovery Themed Issue Source Type: research

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ inhibits pulmonary hypertension targeting store-operated calcium entry
In this study, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and expression of the main store-operated calcium channel (SOCCs) components, canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) in chronic hypoxia (CH)-induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) rat models. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown and adenoviral overexpression strategies were constructed for loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments. PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone attenuates the pathogenesis of CHPH and suppresses Hif-1α, TRPC1, TRPC6 expression in the distal pulmonary arter...
Source: Journal of Molecular Medicine - November 14, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Involvement of BK channel in differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by mechanical stretch.
Abstract The differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are exposed to mechanical stretch in vivo, plays an important role in vascular remodeling during hypertension. Here, we demonstrated the mechanobiological roles of large conductance calcium and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels in this process. In comparison with 5% stretch (physiological), 15% stretch (pathological) induced the de-differentiation of VSMCs, resulting in significantly decreased expressions of VSMC markers, i.e., α-actin, calponin and SM22. The activity of BK channels, assessed by patch clamp recording, was signific...
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - December 4, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wan XJ, Zhao HC, Zhang P, Huo B, Shen BR, Yan ZQ, Qi YX, Jiang ZL Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research