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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis C

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Total 109 results found since Jan 2013.

Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 1189: Are Viral Vectors Any Good for RNAi Antiviral Therapy?
m RNA interference (RNAi) represents a novel approach for alternative antiviral therapy. However, issues related to RNA delivery and stability have presented serious obstacles for obtaining good therapeutic efficacy. Viral vectors are capable of efficient delivery of RNAi as short interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA). Efficacy in gene silencing for therapeutic applications against viral diseases has been demonstrated in various animal models. Rotavirus (RV) miR-7 can inhibit rotavirus replication by targeting the RV nonstructural protein 5. Viral gene silencing by targeting the RNAi ...
Source: Viruses - October 20, 2020 Category: Virology Authors: Kenneth Lundstrom Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

A 7-Amino Acid Peptide Mimic from Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Inhibits Mouse Lung Th9 Cell Differentiation by Blocking CD81 Signaling during Allergic Lung Inflammation.
Authors: Zhao W, Tan C, Yu X, Yu R, Mei Q, Cheng Y Abstract T helper (Th) cells orchestrate allergic lung inflammation in asthma pathogenesis. Th9 is a novel Th cell subset that mainly produces IL-9, a potent proinflammatory cytokine in asthma. A 7-amino acid peptide (7P) of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of hepatitis C virus has been identified as an important regulator in the type 2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) immune response. However, it is unknown whether 7P regulates Th9 cell differentiation during ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced allergic lung inflammation. To address this, we studied wild-type mice treated ...
Source: Journal of Immunology Research - April 8, 2020 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: J Immunol Res Source Type: research

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 replication using siRNA targeted to the viral core region and the CD81 cellular receptor.
Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most important causative agents of hepatitis worldwide. The current study aimed to evaluate the silencing effect of the small interference RNA (siRNA) molecules designed against the core region of HCV genotype 4 (HCV-4) and the CD81 gene, which is the cellular receptor for HCV in the human hepatocytes. RT-PCR was used to measure the changes in both the viral HCV core and the cellular CD81 genes induced by the specific siRNA molecules. Additionally, the fluctuations in either the viral or the cellular proteins of the target regions were tested by flow cytometry and imm...
Source: Cell Stress and Chaperones - February 13, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Aljowaie RM, Almajhdi FN, Ali HH, El-Wetidy MS, Shier MK Tags: Cell Stress Chaperones Source Type: research

Host factor prioritization for pan-viral genetic perturbation screens using random intercept models and network propagation
by Simon Dirmeier, Christopher D ächert, Martijn van Hemert, Ali Tas, Natacha S. Ogando, Frank van Kuppeveld, Ralf Bartenschlager, Lars Kaderali, Marco Binder, Niko Beerenwinkel Genetic perturbation screens using RNA interference (RNAi) have been conducted successfully to identify host factors that are essential for the life cycle of bacteria or viruses. So far, most published studies identified host factors primarily for single pathogens. Furthermore, often only a small subset of genes, e.g., genes encoding kinases, have been targeted. Identification of host factors on a pan-pathogen level, i.e., genes that are crucial ...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - February 9, 2020 Category: Biology Authors: Simon Dirmeier Source Type: research

Transcription Factor MafB Suppresses Type I Interferon Production by CD14+ Monocytes in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C
Transcription factor MafB regulates differentiation and activity of monocytes/macrophage, and is associated with the development of atherosclerosis and cancers. However, the role of MafB in modulation of CD14+ monocytes in chronic viral hepatitis was not fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of current study was to investigate the immunoregulatory function of MafB to type I interferon (IFN) secretion by CD14+ monocytes and its contribution to pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A total of twenty-nine chronic hepatitis C patients and twenty-one healthy individuals were enrolled. Serum IFN-α1 and IFN-β was...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - August 6, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Silencing of the foot-and-mouth disease virus internal ribosomal entry site by targeting relatively conserved region among serotypes
AbstractFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a host-restricted disease of cloven-hoofed animals, such as cattle and pigs. There are seven major serotypes of FMD virus that exhibit high antigenic variation, making vaccine strain selection difficult. However, there is an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) element within the 5 ′ untranslated region of the FMD virus (FMDV) RNA genome that is relatively conserved among FMDV serotypes and could be used as a pan-serotype target for disease interventions. To determine the potential for targeting the IRES as promising drug target, we designed a short interfering RNA (siRNA) t argeti...
Source: Virus Genes - July 30, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

IFIT5 Participates in the Antiviral Mechanisms of Rainbow Trout Red Blood Cells
We described a new defense mechanism based on IFIT5 antiviral activity in nucleated RBCs that appeared to contribute to halting the VHSV infection. This finding sheds light into novel antiviral therapeutics to mitigate the economic losses and social impact caused by viral infections in the aquaculture industry. This work broadens the knowledge of fish nucleated RBCs functions and their role in the immune response to viral infections. Ethics Statement Experimental protocols and methods relating to experimental animals were reviewed and approved by the Animal Welfare Body and the Research Ethics Committee at the University...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Ribonucleotide reductase M2 promotes RNA replication of hepatitis C virus by protecting NS5B protein from hPLIC1-dependent proteasomal degradation Microbiology
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) establishes a chronic infection that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCV life cycle is closely associated with host factors that promote or restrict viral replication, the characterization of which could help to identify potential therapeutic targets. To this end, here we performed a genome-wide microarray analysis and identified ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) as a cellular factor essential for HCV replication. We found that RRM2 is up-regulated in response to HCV infection in quiescent hepatocytes from humanized chimeric mouse livers. To elucidate the molecular basis of ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 11, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bouchra Kitab, Masaaki Satoh, Yusuke Ohmori, Tsubasa Munakata, Masayuki Sudoh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara Tags: Microbiology Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Characterization of In vitro inhibitory effects of consensus short interference RNAs against non-structural 5B gene of hepatitis C virus 1a genotype
Conclusions: Stable Huh-7 cells persistently expressing NS5B protein should be helpful for molecular pathogenesis of HCV infection and development of anti-HCV drug screening assays. The siRNA was effective against NS5B and could be considered as an adjuvant therapy along with other promising anti-HCV regimens.
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology - March 17, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Imran Shahid Waleed Hassan Almalki Munjed M Ibrahim Sultan Ahmad Alghamdi Mohammed H Mukhtar Shaia Saleh R. Almalki Saad Ahmed Alkahtani Mohammad S Alhaidari Source Type: research

The Associations between Toll-Like Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphisms and Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A systematic and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that rs4986790 and rs2149356 are associated with HCV infection. PMID: 30765614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Bioscience Reports - February 14, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chaiwiang N, Poyomtip T Tags: Biosci Rep Source Type: research

Hepatitis C Virus Entry into Macrophages/Monocytes Mainly Depends on the Phagocytosis of Macrophages
ConclusionsHCV entry into macrophages mainly depends on phagocytosis of macrophages.
Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences - December 10, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Controlling HCV infection by targeting its translation initiation site in PBMCs using siRNA; In Vitro.
Abstract Hepatitis C virus infection and its complications are among the leading public health challenges, the emergence of drug-resistant variants is expected to be a major problem. A combinatorial small interfering RNA (siRNA) could be a novel triple therapy that could be suitable for genotype 4. HCV believed to be hepatotropic, but there is liable evidence about its replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of chronic HCV infected patients. These cells act as an extra-hepatic reservoir for viral recurrence and persistence, patients with HCV-RNA in PBMC showed a significantly lower response to the...
Source: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets - November 14, 2018 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Youssef SS, Elemeery MN, Eldein SS, Ghareeb DA Tags: Infect Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Expression of Duplex shRNAs through a Lentiviral Vector against Cellular and Viral Genes Inflicts Sustained Inhibition of Hepatitis C Virus Replication
Conclusion: A lentiviral vector-based delivery system is a “single-shot” therapeutic strategy. It can express duplex shRNA for long-term synergistic inhibition of HCV and qualify as a promising therapeutic approach for sustained inhibition of HCV replication.Intervirology
Source: Intervirology - October 4, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Caffeic acid inhibits HCV replication via induction of IFN α antiviral response through p62-mediated Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
In this study, we showed that CA could notably inhibit HCV replication. Mechanism study demonstrated that CA could induce HO-1 expression, which would trigger the IFNα antiviral response, and the antiviral effect of CA was attenuated when HO-1 activity was inhibited by SnPP (an HO-1 inhibitor). CA could also increase erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. When Nrf2 was knocked down by specific siRNA, HO-1 expression was concomitantly decreased while HCV expression was restored. Further study indicated that kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) expression was decreased by CA in a p62/Sequestosome1 (p62)-depe...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - April 14, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research