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Total 122 results found since Jan 2013.

Biglycan gene connects metabolic dysfunction with brain disorder
Publication date: Available online 3 October 2018Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of DiseaseAuthor(s): Zhe Ying, Hyae Ran Byun, Qingying Meng, Emily Noble, Guanglin Zhang, Xia Yang, Fernando Gomez-PinillaAbstractDietary fructose is a major contributor to the epidemic of diabetes and obesity, and it is an excellent model to study metabolic syndrome. Based on previous studies that Bgn gene occupies a central position in a network of genes in the brain in response to fructose consumption, we assessed the capacity of Bgn to modulate the action of fructose on brain and body. We exposed male biglycan...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - October 5, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Lipid-based siRNA Nanodelivery Systems: a Learning Process for Improving Transfer from Concepts to Clinical Applications.
CONCLUSION: Formulation design should be increasingly addressed with industrial criteria; it should be based on quality by design and on the estimation of critical attributes that affect performance, and supported by a range of characterization techniques and appropriate analytical methods. PMID: 30160217 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Clinical Pharmacology - August 29, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Perez SE, Carlucci AM Tags: Curr Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Nanovehicle-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery for therapeutic purposes: a new molecular approach in the pharmacogenomics.
Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) is a process for regulating the gene expression in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) silence target genes. siRNA-based therapy as a new molecular treatment approach, offers therapeutic prospects for many common diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the efficacy of siRNA delivery has, so far, remained a challenging issue. This is due to their easy degradation through the circulation system and the difficulties in the intracellular delivery to specific tissues where they silence the target genes. There have been many efforts to develop suitable, safe...
Source: Current Clinical Pharmacology - July 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Akhtari J, Tafazoli A, Mehrad-Majd H, Mahrooz A Tags: Curr Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Cognitive improvement following ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by voluntary running ‑wheel exercise is associated with LncMALAT1‑mediated apoptosis inhibition.
Cognitive improvement following ischemia/reperfusion injury induced by voluntary running‑wheel exercise is associated with LncMALAT1‑mediated apoptosis inhibition. Int J Mol Med. 2018 Feb 12;: Authors: Shang JL, Cheng Q, Duan SJ, Li L, Jia LY Abstract Previous human and animal studies demonstrated that voluntary exercise may improve cognitive function and facilitate neuronal plasticity in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models. However, the possible underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Metastasis‑associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), may be as...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - February 12, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shang JL, Cheng Q, Duan SJ, Li L, Jia LY Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Inhibition of the transforming growth factor-{beta}/SMAD cascade mitigates the anti-neurogenic effects of the carbamate pesticide carbofuran Neurobiology
The widely used carbamate pesticide carbofuran causes neurophysiological and neurobehavioral deficits in rodents and humans and therefore poses serious health hazards around the world. Previously, we reported that gestational carbofuran exposure has detrimental effects on hippocampal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons from neural stem cells (NSC), in offspring. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms for carbofuran-impaired neurogenesis remain unknown. Herein, we observed that chronic carbofuran exposure from gestational day 7 to postnatal day 21 altered expression of genes and transcription fact...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 24, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Brashket Seth, Anuradha Yadav, Swati Agarwal, Shashi Kant Tiwari, Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

TNF α affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics.
TNFα affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics. Oncotarget. 2017 Sep 01;8(36):60223-60242 Authors: Jensen P, Myhre CL, Lassen PS, Metaxas A, Khan AM, Lambertsen KL, Babcock AA, Finsen B, Larsen MR, Kempf SJ Abstract Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and TNFα as the main inducer of neuroinflammation has neurodegenerative but also pro-regenerative properties, however, the dose-dependent molecular changes on signaling pathway level are not fully understood. We performed quantitative pro...
Source: Oncotarget - September 29, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Suppression of FoxO3a attenuates neurobehavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury through inhibiting neuronal autophagy.
Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious insult that frequently leads to neurological impairments. Forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a, as transcription factor, has been confirmed to modulate autophagic process. Moreover, FoxO3a is expressed throughout the brain including the hippocampus. However, the role of FoxO3a in the pathophysiology of TBI is unclear. The present study is designed to investigate whether FoxO3a has the neuroprotective effects on rats subjected to TBI, and further to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Thus, a rat model of TBI was created by using a modified weight-drop device to mimic ...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sun L, Zhao M, Liu M, Su P, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang X, Wu Z Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

TNF α affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics.
TNFα affects CREB-mediated neuroprotective signaling pathways of synaptic plasticity in neurons as revealed by proteomics and phospho-proteomics. Oncotarget. 2017 Jul 21;: Authors: Jensen P, Myhre CL, Lassen PS, Metaxas A, Khan AM, Lambertsen KL, Babcock AA, Finsen B, Larsen MR, Kempf SJ Abstract Neuroinflammation is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and TNFα as the main inducer of neuroinflammation has neurodegenerative but also pro-regenerative properties, however, the dose-dependent molecular changes on signaling pathway level are not fully understood. We performed quantitative proteomics and phos...
Source: Oncotarget - July 29, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Inhibition of coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 modulates dendritic arborization and spine maturation of cultured hippocampal neurons Neurobiology
An improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms in synapse formation provides insight into both learning and memory and the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) is a protein methyltransferase that negatively regulates synaptic gene expression and inhibits neuronal differentiation. Despite its regulatory function in neurons, little is known about the CARM1 cellular location and its role in dendritic maturation and synapse formation. Here, we examined the effects of CARM1 inhibition on dendritic spine and synapse morphology in the rat hippocampus. CARM1 wa...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 14, 2017 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chol Seung Lim, Daniel L. Alkon Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

Orexin-A aggravates the impairment of hippocampal neurons caused by intermittent hypoxemia by the OXR-PLCβ1-ERK1/2 pathway
Obstructive sleep apnea is a highly prevalent but under-recognized disorder that causes neurocognitive deficits such as spatial memory and learning deficits. These deficits are frequently accompanied by an increase in orexin-A, which has been shown to be involved in learning and memory as well as in neuronal apoptosis in brain areas involved in cognition, such as the hippocampus. The aim of this work was to study the possible harmful effects of orexin-A on intermittent hypoxemia-induced hippocampal neuronal damage and to investigate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways in vitro. We establish...
Source: NeuroReport - April 3, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research

Regulation of Sirtuin 3-Mediated Deacetylation of Cyclophilin D Attenuated Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy in Mice.
Abstract The present study aimed to investigate cognitive dysfunction in the hippocampus induced by sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) via acetylation of cyclophilin D (CypD) and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. It also explored whether activating sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) can mediate deacetylation of CypD and prevent the development of SAE. Male mice were randomly assigned to six groups: sham group, cecal ligation puncture group, CypD siRNA transfection (CypD-si) group, CypD control siRNA transfection (CypD-c) group, SIRT3 overexpression vector pcDNA3.1 (SIRT3-p) group, and SIRT3 empty vector pc...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - February 24, 2017 Category: Cytology Authors: Sun F, Si Y, Bao H, Xu Y, Pan X, Zeng L, Jing L Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: research

Dynamic association of epigenetic H3K4me3 and DNA 5hmC marks in the dorsal hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex following reactivation of a fear memory.
Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone methylation are critical regulators of gene transcription changes during memory consolidation. However, it is unknown how these epigenetic modifications coordinate to control gene expression following reactivation of a previously consolidated memory. Here, we found that retrieval of a recent contextual fear conditioned memory increased global levels of H3 lysine 4-trimethylation (H3K4me3) and DNA 5-hydroxymethylation (5hmC) in area CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. Further experiments revealed increased levels of H3K4me3 and DNA 5hmC within a CpG-enri...
Source: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory - February 19, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Webb WM, Sanchez RG, Perez G, Butler AA, Hauser RM, Rich MC, O'Bierne AL, Jarome TJ, Lubin FD Tags: Neurobiol Learn Mem Source Type: research

Nanoparticle injections show promise as treatment for osteoarthritis
This study is interesting, as it showed that these nanoparticles could reduce inflammation caused by joint injuries in mice. It's not yet clear from the study whether these nanoparticles will be effective once osteoarthritis has developed in the joint, so we would be interested to learn more and see how the research progresses."
Source: Arthritis Research UK - October 2, 2016 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: news

Modeling cis-regulation with a compendium of genome-wide histone H3K27ac profiles METHOD
This study demonstrates the advantage of integrating a large compendium of historical epigenetic data for genomic studies of transcriptional regulation.
Source: Genome Research - October 2, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wang, S., Zang, C., Xiao, T., Fan, J., Mei, S., Qin, Q., Wu, Q., Li, X., Xu, K., He, H. H., Brown, M., Meyer, C. A., Liu, X. S. Tags: METHOD Source Type: research