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IFIT5 Participates in the Antiviral Mechanisms of Rainbow Trout Red Blood Cells
We described a new defense mechanism based on IFIT5 antiviral activity in nucleated RBCs that appeared to contribute to halting the VHSV infection. This finding sheds light into novel antiviral therapeutics to mitigate the economic losses and social impact caused by viral infections in the aquaculture industry. This work broadens the knowledge of fish nucleated RBCs functions and their role in the immune response to viral infections. Ethics Statement Experimental protocols and methods relating to experimental animals were reviewed and approved by the Animal Welfare Body and the Research Ethics Committee at the University...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 Mediates Oxidative Low-Density Lipoprotein-Mediated Endothelial Cells Injury by Post-transcriptional Stabilization of NOD2
Conclusion We report the discovery that ZEB1-AS1 functionally participates in ox-LDL-induced ECs injury via LRPPRC-mediated stabilization of NOD2. Uncovering the precise role of ZEB1-AS1/LRPPRC/NOD2 pathway in the progression of ox-LDL-induced ECs death and AS will not only increase our knowledge of ox-LDL-induced AS, but also enable the development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome oxidation product-induced diseases. Author Contributions XX and CL designed and mainly did the study. CM, ZD, and YD helped and did the study. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Oligonucleotides —A Novel Promising Therapeutic Option for IBD
Conclusions In this review, we focused on recent and past approaches to test the therapeutic efficacy of oligonucleotide based therapies in IBD. The combining mechanistic mode of oligonucleotide based therapeutics is a targeted action on specific pro-inflammatory molecules, which are over activated in IBD patients and contribute significantly to disease pathogenesis. The proposed high selectivity of the agents is derived from its mode of action, that aims to specifically block certain inflammatory molecular patterns, without a general systemic effect on other molecular targets. It would be important for each oligonucleot...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Detailed Dissection of UBE3A-Mediated DDI1 Ubiquitination
Discussion Poly-ubiquitinated proteins targeted for degradation might be recognized directly by proteasomal receptors or by proteasomal shuttling proteins. The first shuttling proteins – Ddi1, Rad23 and Dsk2 – were identified and characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Lambertson et al., 1999; Kaplun et al., 2005). Proteasomal shuttles contain an N-terminal ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain that interacts with the 26S proteasome (Finley, 2009), and a C-terminal ubiquitin-binding domain domain (UBD) that binds to ubiquitin or poly-ubiquitin chains (Bertolaet et al., 2001). When ubiquitinated, substrates are capt...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - May 2, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

GSE77621 Multiplex bisulfite sequencing identifies differentially methylated regions in target genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following knockdown of DNMT3a or DNMT3b expression
This study aims to identify the differentially methylated regions in target genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following the knockdown of DNMT3a or DNMT3b expression. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from mouse embryonic day (E) 13.5 ventricles, and cultured for 48 h at 37 °C to reach 70-80% confluency. Cells were transfected with either Qiagen FlexiTube GeneSolution (with 4 siRNAs) DNMT3a siRNA (#GS13435), DNMT3b siRNAs (#GS13436), or AllStars negative control siRNA (#1027281) at 0.012 pmol using lipofectamine RNAiMAX (n=3 per treatment). At 72 h after transfection, cells were released with Accutase (Innovati...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - September 8, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

GSE77514 RNA sequencing identifies differentially expressed genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following knockdown of DNMT3a or DNMT3b expression
This study aims to identify the differentially expressed genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following the knockdown of DNMT3a or DNMT3b expression. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from mouse embryonic day (E) 13.5 ventricles, and cultured for 48 h at 37 °C to reach 70-80% confluency. Cells were transfected with either Qiagen FlexiTube GeneSolution (with 4 siRNAs) DNMT3a siRNA (#GS13435), DNMT3b siRNAs (#GS13436), or AllStars negative control siRNA (#1027281) at 0.012 pmol using lipofectamine RNAiMAX (n=3 per treatment). At 72 h after transfection, cells were released with Accutase (Innovative Cell Technologie...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - September 8, 2017 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

German Cockroach Extract Induces Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression, Leading to Tight Junction Disruption in Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
CONCLUSION: GCE treatment increases MMP1 expression, leading to tight junction disruption, which is transcriptionally regulated and influenced by the ERK/MAPK pathway in airway epithelial cells. These findings may contribute to developing novel therapeutic strategies for airway diseases. PMID: 30450857 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - November 21, 2018 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Lee KE, Jee HM, Hong JY, Kim MN, Oh MS, Kim YS, Kim KW, Kim KE, Sohn MH Tags: Yonsei Med J Source Type: research

High Expression of DEPDC1 Promotes Malignant Phenotypes of Breast Cancer Cells and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Breast Cancer
In this study, the immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that DEPDC1 was high-expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with the paired adjacent normal breast tissues, and its tendency at protein level was consistent with mRNA level from TCGA data. Moreover, DEPDC1 mRNA level revealed the strongest association with poor prognosis and development in breast cancer. In vitro assays showed that DEPDC1 overexpression resulted in significant promotion of proliferation by regulating cell cycle in MCF-7 cells, whilst an opposite effect was found in the MDA-MB-231 cells with DEPDC1 deletion. Notably, further investigation ind...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 11, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

GSE81446 RNA sequencing identifies differentially expressed genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following knockdown of DNMT1 expression for 72 h
This study aims to identify the differentially expressed genes in embryonic cardiomyocytes following the knockdown of DNMT1 expression. Methods: Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from mouse embryonic day (E) 13.5 ventricles, and cultured for 48 h at 37 °C to reach 70-80% confluency. Cells were transfected with either Qiagen FlexiTube GeneSolution (with 4 siRNAs) DNMT1 siRNA (#GS13433) or AllStars negative control siRNA (#1027281) at 12 nM using lipofectamine RNAiMAX (n=3 per treatment). At 72 h after transfection, cells were released with Accutas e (Innovative Cell Technologies, San Diego, CA) and dissociated with Accu...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - May 13, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research

Silencing of telomere-binding protein adrenocortical dysplasia homolog (ACD) enhances radiosensitivity in glioblastoma cells
This study investigated the expression profile of ACD in human gliomas and its role in radioresistance of glioma cells. The expression of ACD was analyzed in sixty-two different grade of glioma tissues and correlated with prognosis. A radioresistant cell line was generated from U87MG cells. For mechanistic studies, ACD was inhibited by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting ACD and the effect on cell radioresistance, telomerase activity, cyclinD1, caspase-3, hTERT, and BIRC1 was evaluated.
Source: Translational Research - July 19, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Francesca Polito, Maria Cucinotta, Rosaria V. Abbritti, Anna Brogna, Stefano Pergolizzi, Chiara Tomasello, Flavio F. Angileri, Rosa Maria Di Giorgio, Alfredo Conti, Domenico La Torre, Antonino German ò, M'hammed Aguennouz Source Type: research

Identifying a Murine Xenograft Model Relevant to Light-Chain Specific Approaches to Human Ig Light-Chain Diseases
CONCLUSIONS: The ALMC-1, RPMI 8226 and H929 IP models did not meet the criteria we required in order to effectively test specific interventions on circulating LC (Table 1). The NSG JJN3 IP model had a short latency period for LC, β2M and FLUX measurements, and had significant correlations among these measurements. The NSG JJN3 model met our criteria. We are currently evaluating soluble BCMA levels in this model also, These measurements will allow investigators to distinguish the impact of interventions on LC specifically, independent of tumor cells. We have used this model successfully to test an RNAi approach to redu...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Kugelmass, A., Zhou, P., Ma, X., Toskic, D., Godara, A., Warner, M., Lee, L. X., Fogaren, T., Varga, C., Comenzo, R. L. Tags: 652. Myeloma: Pathophysiology and Pre-Clinical Studies, excluding Therapy Source Type: research

Hepatoma-Derived Growth Factor and DDX5 Promote Carcinogenesis and Progression of Endometrial Cancer by Activating β-Catenin
Conclusion: Our results provide novel evidence that HDGF interacts with DDX5 and promotes the progression of EC through the induction of β-catenin. Introduction Endometrial cancer (EC) comprises the most common malignancy involving the female genital tract and the fourth most common malignancy in women after breast, lung, and colorectal cancers (1). In 2012, approximately 320,000 new cases of EC were diagnosed worldwide and the incidence is increasing (2). Currently, endometrial carcinogenesis is thought to be a multi-step process involving the coordinated interaction of hormonal regulation, gene mutation, ad...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 10, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

NF κB and Kidney Injury
Conclusion As a critical regulator of inflammation and cell survival, the NFκB pathway is a promising target for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases. For modulation of the NFκB pathway in the clinic, a number of molecules can effectively inhibit NFκB signaling by targeting the receptors, associated adaptors, IKKs, IκBs and transcriptional regulators (144). There is further clinical evidence on small-molecule inhibitors of IKKα and NIK from recent trials on anti-cancer therapies (145). These clinical trials showed that the cancer-selective pharmacodynamic response of DTP3, the co...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles From Human Periodontal-Ligament Stem Cells Increase VEGF/VEGFR2 Expression During Bone Regeneration
Conclusion In conclusion our results evidenced that 3D-COL/hPDLSCs/PEI-EVs may be an efficacious strategy to induce bone regeneration and vascularization of bone defects, thanks to its capacity to increase the levels of VEGF. Ethics Statement The study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration (2013). The written approval for the human periodontal ligament collection performed in this study has been obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee at the Medical School, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy (n°266/17.04.14, Principal in...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research