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Condition: Pain

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Total 374 results found since Jan 2013.

Suppression of Calpain Expression by NSAIDs is Associated with Inhibition of Cell Migration in Rat Duodenum.
Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the alleviation of pain and inflammation, but these drugs are also associated with a suite of negative side effects. Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity is particularly concerning since it affects an estimated 70% of individuals taking NSAIDs routinely, and evidence suggests the majority of toxicity is occurring in the small intestine. Traditionally, NSAID-induced GI toxicity has been associated with indiscriminate inhibition of cyclooxygenase isoforms, but other mechanisms, including inhibition of cell migration, intestinal restitution, and wo...
Source: Toxicology - March 22, 2017 Category: Toxicology Authors: Silver K, Littlejohn A, Thomas L, Bawa B, Lillich JD Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

Cynandione A attenuates neuropathic pain through p38 β MAPK-mediated spinal microglial expression of β-endorphin
This study aims to evaluate the antihypersensitivity activities of cynandione A in neuropathy and explored its mechanisms of action. Intrathecal injection of cynandione A dose-dependently attenuated spinal nerve ligation-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, with maximal possible effects of 57% and 59%, ED50s of 14.9 μg and 6.5 μg, respectively. Intrathecal injection of cynandione A significantly increased β-endorphin levels in spinal cords of neuropathic rats and its treatment concentration-dependently induced β-endorphin expression in cultured primary microglia (but not in neurons or astrocytes), wit...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - February 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cynandione A attenuates neuropathic pain through p38 β MAPK-mediated spinal microglial expression of β-endorphin.
This study aims to evaluate the antihypersensitivity activities of cynandione A in neuropathy and explored its mechanisms of action. Intrathecal injection of cynandione A dose-dependently attenuated spinal nerve ligation-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, with maximal possible effects of 57% and 59%, ED50s of 14.9 μg and 6.5 μg, respectively. Intrathecal injection of cynandione A significantly increased β-endorphin levels in spinal cords of neuropathic rats and its treatment concentration-dependently induced β-endorphin expression in cultured primary microglia (but not in neurons or astrocytes), wit...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - February 7, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Huang Q, Mao XF, Wu HY, Liu H, Sun ML, Wang X, Wang YX Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Activation of NPFFR2 leads to hyperalgesia through the spinal inflammatory mediator CGRP in mice.
Abstract Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) is recognized as an opioid modulating peptide that regulates morphine-induced analgesia. The aim of this study was to delineate the role of NPFFR2 in pain transmission. We found the expression levels of NPFF and NPFFR2 were increased in the lumbar dorsal horn of animals with CFA- and carrageenan-induced inflammation and both NPFFR2 over-expressing transgenic (NPFFR2-Tg) and NPFFR2 agonist-treated mice displayed hyperalgesia. BOLD signals from functional MRI showed that NPFFR2-Tg mice exhibited increased activation of pain-related brain regions after painful stimulation when compared...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lin YT, Liu HL, Day YJ, Chang CC, Hsu PH, Chen JC Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

More iFect in-vivo
The parade of publications continues to grow.Here researchers use our i-FectTM Transfection Kit for delivering sh-IRF3in vivo:Rui Li, Li-guo Wang, Qi Wang, Zhi-hua Li, Ya-li Ma, Qing-Duo Guo. Silencing of IRF3 alleviates chronic neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury. doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.085... The oligonucleotides for sh-IRF3 were: 5 ′-CACCGCGTCTAGGCTGGTGGTTATTCGAAAATAACCACCAGCCTAGACGC-3′ −3′. Then, 10 μg sh-IRF3 dissolved in 30 μl i-Fect transfection reagent (Neuromics, Edina, MN, USA) was administered intrathecally once daily for 7...Fig. Down-regulation of IRF3 attenuated mechanic...
Source: siRNA and DsiRNA Transfection Efficiency - January 30, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Tags: iFect IFR3 inflammatory pain Source Type: news

CaMKIIα underlies spontaneous and evoked pain behaviors in Berkeley sickle cell transgenic mice
This study aimed to investigate the functional involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKIIα) in the persistent and refractory pain associated with SCD. We found that nonevoked ongoing pain as well as evoked hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli were present in Berkeley sickle cell transgenic mice (BERK mice), but not nonsickle control littermates. Prominent activation of CaMKIIα was observed in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord dorsal horn region of BERK mice. Intrathecal administration of KN93, a selective inhibitor of CaMKII, significantly attenuated mechanical allodynia and he...
Source: Pain - November 22, 2016 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Neuronal Fc-epsilon receptor I contributes to antigen-evoked pruritus in a murine model of ocular allergy.
This study may suggest a novel mechanism for the development of pathological itch in allergic diseases. PMID: 27865948 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - November 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu F, Xu L, Chen N, Zhou M, Li C, Yang Q, Xie Y, Huang Y, Ma C Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Neuronal Fc-epsilon receptor I contributes to antigen-evoked pruritus in a murine model of ocular allergy
This study may suggest a novel mechanism for the development of pathological itch in allergic diseases.
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - November 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Autophagy activated by tuberin/mTOR/p70S6K suppression is a protective mechanism against local anaesthetics neurotoxicity.
Abstract The local anaesthetics (LAs) are widely used for peripheral nerve blocks, epidural anaesthesia, spinal anaesthesia and pain management. However, exposure to LAs for long duration or at high dosage can provoke potential neuronal damages. Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation process for proteins and organelles. However, both the effects of LAs on autophagy in neuronal cells and the effects of autophagy on LAs neurotoxicity are not clear. To answer these questions, both lipid LAs (procaine and tetracaine) and amide LAs (bupivacaine, lidocaine and ropivacaine) were administrated to human neuroblasto...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - November 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiong J, Kong Q, Dai L, Ma H, Cao X, Liu L, Ding Z Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Down-regulation of zinc transporter-1 in astrocytes induces neuropathic pain via the brain-derived neurotrophic factor - K+-Cl? co-transporter-2 signaling pathway in the mouse spinal cord.
Publication date: Available online 3 November 2016 Source:Neurochemistry International Author(s): Tomoya Kitayama, Katsuya Morita, Naoyo Motoyama, Toshihiro Dohi We previously demonstrated, using a DNA microarray analysis, the down-regulated expression of the slc30a1 gene (zinc transporter 1, ZnT1) in a neuropathic pain model induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). Zinc is an essential trace mineral that plays important roles in physiological functions, and ZnT1 modulates intracellular zinc levels. In the present study, we examined the effects of the down-regulation of the ZnT1 gene in the spinal cord on tactile...
Source: Neurochemistry International - November 2, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Autophagy activated by tuberin/mTOR/p70S6K suppression is a protective mechanism against local anaesthetics neurotoxicity
Abstract The local anaesthetics (LAs) are widely used for peripheral nerve blocks, epidural anaesthesia, spinal anaesthesia and pain management. However, exposure to LAs for long duration or at high dosage can provoke potential neuronal damages. Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation process for proteins and organelles. However, both the effects of LAs on autophagy in neuronal cells and the effects of autophagy on LAs neurotoxicity are not clear. To answer these questions, both lipid LAs (procaine and tetracaine) and amide LAs (bupivacaine, lidocaine and ropivacaine) were administrated to human neuroblastoma SH‐S...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - October 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jingwei Xiong, Qiuyue Kong, Leyang Dai, He Ma, Xiaofei Cao, Li Liu, Zhengnian Ding Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Contribution of the Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 1 in Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn to Nerve Injury –induced Nociceptive Hypersensitivity
Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that SUV39H1 contributes to nerve injury –induced allodynia and hyperalgesia through gating MOR expression in the injured DRG. SUV39H1 may be a potential target for the therapeutic treatment of nerve injury–induced nociceptive hypersensitivity.
Source: Anesthesiology - September 20, 2016 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research

Delivering miRNA in vivo
More Transfection Success!Great Research Tools!Our i-FectTM  Transfection Kit is used to studyEpigenetics and pain. Here ' s yet another example:M. Leinders, b, N. Üçeyler, R.A. Pritchard, C. Sommer, L.S. Sorkin. Increased miR-132-3p expression is associated with chronic neuropathic pain. Experimental Neurology. Volume 283, Part A, September 2016, Pages 276 –286...The inhibitor and mimetic were administered to awake rats via the it catheters. Prior to injection, active or mismatch inhibitors were mixed with (1:5 w/v) i-Fect™ in vivo transfection reagent(Neuromics, Edina, USA) to final doses of 5, 2 and...
Source: siRNA and DsiRNA Transfection Efficiency - August 19, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Tags: iFect miRNA Delivery Methods Source Type: news

More on Epigenetics and Pain
Great Research Tools!OurMarkers and i-FectTM Transection Kit are used to studyEpigenetics and pain. Here ' s yet another example:M. Leinders, b, N. Üçeyler, R.A. Pritchard, C. Sommer, L.S. Sorkin. Increased miR-132-3p expression is associated with chronic neuropathic pain. Experimental Neurology. Volume 283, Part A, September 2016, Pages 276 –286...The inhibitor and mimetic were administered to awake rats via the it catheters. Prior to injection, active or mismatch inhibitors were mixed with (1:5 w/v) i-Fect™ in vivo transfection reagent(Neuromics, Edina, USA) to final doses of 5, 2 and 1 μg in 10 μl...Fi...
Source: Neuromics - August 19, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Tags: chronic pain iFect miRNA siRNA delivery in-vivo Source Type: news

Epigenetic suppression of potassium ‐chloride co‐transporter 2 expression in inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)
ConclusionThese findings suggest that the transcription of spinal KCC2 is regulated by histone acetylation epigenetically following CFA. SignificancePersistent pain suppresses KCC2 expression through HDAC‐mediated histone hypoacetylation and consequently impairs the inhibitory function of inhibitory interneurons. Drugs such as HDAC inhibitors that suppress the influences of persistent pain on the expression of KCC2 may serve as a novel analgesic.
Source: European Journal of Pain - August 10, 2016 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: C. ‐R. Lin, J.‐K. Cheng, C.‐H. Wu, K.‐H. Chen, C.‐K. Liu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research