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Cancer: Osteosarcoma

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Total 315 results found since Jan 2013.

Proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion by dual silencing of VEGF and Survivin in human osteosarcoma.
Abstract Simultaneous silencing of multiple upregulated genes is an attractive and viable treatment strategy for many incurable diseases including cancer. Herein we used a dual gene-targeted siRNA conjugate composed of VEGF and Survivin siRNA sequences in the same backbone to inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis in two human osteosarcoma cell lines. We synthesized siRNA sequences targeting the VEGF and Survivin genes individually (VEGF siRNA and Survivin siRNA) or simultaneously (one-chain-double-target siRNA: dual siRNA). VEGF and Survivin mRNA and protein expression levels in human osteosarcoma MG-63 and Saos-...
Source: Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica - December 19, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gu J, Ji Z, Li D, Dong Q Tags: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) Source Type: research

Carboxypeptidase E- ΔN promotes migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human osteosarcoma cell lines through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
In this study, we investigated the effect of CPE-ΔN on cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OS cells, and illustrated the molecular mechanisms. We first constructed CPE-ΔN overexpressing human OS cell lines (143B and U2OS cells), and found that ectopic CPE-ΔN expression in OS cells enhanced cellular migratory and invasiveness abilities, and promoted EMT process. Further, overexpression of CPE-ΔN increased c-myc and nuclear β-catenin levels in OS cells, which suggested CPE-ΔN promoted the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in OS cells. Treatment with β-catenin small interfering RN...
Source: Biochemistry and Cell Biology - December 3, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fan S, Gao X, Chen P, Li X Tags: Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Effect of RAB31 silencing on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration through the Hedgehog signaling pathway
In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of Ras-related protein Rab-31 (RAB31) in OS-cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as its roles in the Hedgehog signaling pathway for better understanding of the mechanism. To assess the detailed regulatory mechanism of RAB31 silencing on OS, both RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were employed to evaluate the expressions of RAB31 as well as the Hedgehog signaling pathway-related genes. Besides, we also investigated the effects of silenced RAB31 both in vitro and in vivo. First, we found that in OS tissues, both mRNA and protein expressions of RAB31 and PCNA had...
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism - November 23, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

hnRNP U and DDX47 Are Novel FANCD2 Interactors That May Help to Resolve R-Loops during Mild Replication Stress
Conclusion: We suggest that FANCD2 protects genome stability by recruiting RNA processing enzymes, including hnRNP U or DDX47, to resolve or prevent accumulation of R-loops induced by transcription-replication collisions during mild replication stress. Thus, our study may provide a novel insight to understand the mechanism of bone marrow failure and leukemogenesis in Fanconi anemia patients.DisclosuresTakaori-Kondo: Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria; Janssen Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Okamoto, Y., Abe, M., Itaya, A., Tomida, J., Takaori-Kondo, A., Taoka, M., Isobe, T., Takata, M. Tags: 508. Bone Marrow Failure: Poster I Source Type: research

Interleukin-22 Promotes Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion via STAT3 Activation.
CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that IL-22 promotes OS cells proliferation and invasion and its effect is mediated by activation of the STAT3 pathway. These findings demonstrate that IL-22 may serve as a promising molecular biomarker for diagnosis and therapy for OS patients. PMID: 30381753 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - November 3, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Isoliquiritigenin inhibits mouse S180 tumors with a new mechanism that regulates autophagy by GSK-3 β/TNF-α pathway.
In this study, the pharmacokinetic properties and stability of isoliquiritigenin (ILQ) in microsomes were evaluated. The data showed ILQ administrated by i.h had high absorption degree (absolute bioavailability> 90%), and strong elimination ability (average t1/2≈ 67min). ILQ in rat tissues could reach peak at 0.25h, and be detected in almost all tissues. In vitro, stability of ILQ in four species liver microsomes were rat > beagle dog > monkey > human > mouse. On the basis of pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, mechanism of ILQ against S180 was explored. ILQ could not inhibit S180 growth directly in vitro. Howe...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - August 29, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Yushan R, Ying Y, Yujun T, Jingchun Y, Dongguang L, Lihong P, Pingping W, Lili Z, Fanhui Z, Zhong L, Guimin Z, Jie L Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells.
Conclusion: LncRNA NEAT1 was up-regulated in osteosarcoma tissue, promoting proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. These findings indicate the role of this substance, as a growth regulator in osteosarcoma, and thus it may serve as a novel biomarker, and drug target for developing osteosarcoma therapies. PMID: 30123061 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Medical Sciences - August 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Int J Med Sci Source Type: research

The nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of a chromatin-modifying and remodelling protein (KMT2C), in osteosarcoma.
Authors: Chiappetta C, Puggioni C, Carletti R, Petrozza V, Della Rocca C, Di Crisfofano C Abstract Osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric primary non-hematopoietic bone tumor; the survival is related to the response to chemotherapy and development of metastases. KMT2C is a chromatin-modifying and remodelling protein and its expression has never been studied in osteosarcoma. The aim of this study was to understand the role of KMT2C in the osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and metastatic progression to identify a new molecular target and to provide new therapeutic approach. We performed the immunohistochemical and gene...
Source: Oncotarget - August 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

LncRNA THOR acts as a retinoblastoma promoter through enhancing the combination of c-myc mRNA and IGF2BP1 protein
In conclusion, this study makes clear that lncRNA THOR is up-regulated in retinoblastoma, and its over-expression significantly enhances the malignant phenotype transformation of retinoblastoma cells through up-regulating c-myc expression via enhancing its combination with TGF2BP1 protein. Overall, our study illustrates that lncRNA THOR/c-myc molecular cascade might be another potent target for retinoblastoma treatment.
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - July 20, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Theabrownin triggers DNA damage to suppress human osteosarcoma U2OS cells by activating p53 signalling pathway.
Abstract Osteosarcoma becomes the second leading cause of cancer death in the younger population. Current outcomes of chemotherapy on osteosarcoma were unsatisfactory to date, demanding development of effective therapies. Tea is a commonly used beverage beneficial to human health. As a major component of tea, theabrownin has been reported to possess anti-cancer activity. To evaluate its anti-osteosarcoma effect, we established a xenograft model of zebrafish and employed U2OS cells for in vivo and in vitro assays. The animal data showed that TB significantly inhibited the tumour growth with stronger effect than t...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - July 11, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jin W, Zhou L, Yan B, Yan L, Liu F, Tong P, Yu W, Dong X, Xie L, Zhang J, Xu Y, Li C, Yuan Q, Shan L, Efferth T Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Mannose-conjugated layered double hydroxide nanocomposite for targeted siRNA delivery to enhance cancer therapy
Publication date: Available online 22 June 2017Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and MedicineAuthor(s): Li Li, Run Zhang, Wenyi Gu, Zhi Ping XuAbstractSheet-like layered double hydroxide nanoparticles (LDH NPs) have showed great potentials in biomedical applications such as nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery, biosensors and imaging agents. However, target delivery of drugs and genes using LDH NPs to the desired tumor sites is a major challenge in cancer therapy. The aim of this study is to develop a functional LDH-based nanocomposite for target delivery of siRNA to cancer cells. Mannose as a targeting moie...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - July 10, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Silencing Ubc9 expression suppresses osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and enhances chemosensitivity to HSV-TK/GCV by regulating connexin  43 SUMOylation.
In conclusion, the present study revealed a novel method for the effective restoration of GJIC in osteosarcoma cells, which may increase their sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy. PMID: 29956745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Oncology - June 21, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang D, Yu K, Yang Z, Li Y, Ma X, Bian X, Liu F, Li L, Liu X, Wu W Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Activation of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Is Associated with Human Osteosarcoma Cells Radioresistance Characterized by Increased Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion.
CONCLUSIONS Activation of Shh signaling was involved in radioresistance of OS cells. Blocking this signaling can impair the radioresistance capacity of OS cells. PMID: 29864766 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - June 6, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

PYGB siRNA inhibits the cell proliferation of human osteosarcoma cell lines.
In conclusion, PYGB siRNA exerted an inhibitory effect on the cell viability of the human osteosarcoma cells MG63 and HOS by blocking the Caspase/Bcl and CDK1 signaling pathway, highlighting novel potential therapeutic methods for treating osteosarcoma. PMID: 29845265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - June 2, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research