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Cancer: Bone Cancers

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Total 366 results found since Jan 2013.

siRNA targeting TCTP suppresses osteosarcoma cell growth and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) remains the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents. However, the molecular cause of the disease is poorly elucidated. In the present study, we primarily found that translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) was overexpressed in human OS tissues and cell lines. To investigate the function of TCTP in OS cell growth, an RNA interference lentivirus system was employed to deplete TCTP expression in Saos‐2 and U2OS cell lines. Specific knockdown of TCTP significantly impaired cell proliferation and colony‐formation capacity in both OS cell lines. Moreover, depletion of TCTP ...
Source: Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry - December 22, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jian‐Hui Shen, Cheng‐Bo Qu, Hai‐Kun Chu, Ming‐Yu Cui, Yu‐Lan Wang, Yuan‐Xin Sun, Yin‐Dong Song, Gang Li, Feng‐Jun Shi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Knockdown of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation in osteosarcoma cells by inducing arrest in cell cycle progression.
Authors: Huang J, Shi Y, Li H, Tan D, Yang M, Wu X Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant tumor of the bone, with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) has been reported to be dysregulated in human malignancies. More recently, ROR2 has been demonstrated to promote OS cell migration and invasion. However, the role of ROR2 in the regulation of OS cell proliferation, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism, remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of ROR2 in osteosarcoma growth. Reverse transcripti...
Source: Oncology Letters - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Involvement of α5 integrin in survivin-mediated osteosarcoma metastasis
Conclusions Survivin-directed anti-tumor strategies might be an effective method in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - March 22, 2016 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Che-1 gene silencing by inhibiting mutant p53 expression.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and specific mechanism of Che-1 in the regulation of osteosarcoma (OS) cell growth. We found that Che-1 is highly expressed in several kinds of OS cells compared with osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells. MTT and flow cytometry assays showed that Che-1 depletion by siRNA markedly suppressed MG-63 and U2OS cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay verified the presence of Che-1 on the p53 promoter in MG-63 and U2OS cells carrying mutant p53. Further studies showed that Che-1 depletion inhibited mutant p53 expression. Notably, our study s...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Liu M, Wang D, Li N Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Abstract A18: Epigenetic profiling uncovers the suppressive role of caveolae in Ewing sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common bone tumor in childhood. ES harbors a characteristic gene translocation that gives rise to a fusion protein, most commonly EWS/FLI1 (EF). Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a direct target of EF, it is overexpressed in ES and has an oncogenic role. CAV1 and the Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) interact at the plasma membrane and are essential for caveolae formation. The methylome analysis of ES samples and cell lines revealed a hypermethylation in the N-shore islands of the PTRF promoter compared to normal cells. We hypothesize that, as ES cells have very few caveolae and do ...
Source: Cancer Research - April 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Huertas–Martinez, J., Court, F., Rello–Varona, S., Martin, D. H., Almacellas, O., Sainz–Jaspeado, M., Garcia–Monclus, S., Lagares–Tena, L., Buȷ, R., Hontecillas–Prieto, L., Mateo–Lozano, S., Sastre, A., Azo Tags: Epigenetics Source Type: research

MiR-34a-5p promotes the multi-drug resistance of osteosarcoma by targeting the CD117 gene.
Authors: Pu Y, Zhao F, Wang H, Cai W, Gao J, Li Y, Cai S Abstract An association has been reported between miR-34a-5p and several types of cancer. Specifically, in this study, using systematic observations of multi-drug sensitive (G-292 and MG63.2) and resistant (SJSA-1 and MNNG/HOS) osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines, we showed that miR-34a-5p promotes the multi-drug resistance of OS through the receptor tyrosine kinase CD117, a direct target of miR-34a-5p. Consistently, the siRNA-mediated repression of CD117 in G-292 and MG63.2 cells led to a similar phenotype that exhibited all of the miR-34a-5p mimic-triggered change...
Source: Oncotarget - April 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in human osteosarcoma and its association with tumor metastasis.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that MMP-3 expression is deregulated in osteosarcomas and this potentially contributes to metastasis and might be a promising marker for the prognosis and therapy of metastatic osteosarcoma. PMID: 27061553 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of B.U.ON. - April 12, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: J BUON Source Type: research

TRIM59 is upregulated and promotes cell proliferation and migration in human osteosarcoma.
Authors: Liang J, Xing D, Li Z, Shen J, Zhao H, Li S Abstract Osteosarcoma is a prevalent type of cancer and has a high metastatic ability, particularly for metastasis to the lungs. Effective treatment strategies have improved, however, the detailed molecular mechanism underlying the onset of this malignancy remains to be fully elucidated. The current study investigated the role of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family protein TRIM59 in osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. It was identified that TRIM59 was overexpressed in clinical osteosarcoma tissues and cultured osteosarcoma cell lines. In addition, the MTT assay de...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - April 30, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

miR-141 modulates osteoblastic cell proliferation by regulating the target gene of lncRNA H19 and lncRNA H19-derived miR-675.
This study was aimed to elucidate the potential roles of miR-141 and lncRNA H19 and H19-derived miR-675 in regulating osteoblasts proliferation and apoptosis and to explore its potential mechanism. miR-141 mimic or miR-141 inhibitor or siRNA-H19 or miR-675 inhibitor was transfected into human hFOB1.19 cells. The effects or miR-141 expression on H19 or miR-675 expression, on osteoblasts proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed. Moreover, effects of H19 and miR-675 expression on cell proliferation were also analyzed. The results showed that miR-141 was down-regulated in both hFOB1.19 cells and osteosarcoma tissues. The over...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - May 19, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Overexpression of EZH2 is associated with the poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and function analysis indicates a therapeutic potential.
In this study, we examined EZH2 expression by immunohistochemistry in a large series of osteosarcoma tissues in association with tumor characteristics and patient outcomes. EZH2 expression was also analyzed in a microarray dataset of osteosarcoma. Results showed that higher expression of EZH2 was significantly associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poor patient outcomes of osteosarcoma. We subsequently investigated the functional and therapeutic relevance of EZH2 as a target in osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that EZH2 expression was significantly associated with more aggressive tumor behav...
Source: Oncotarget - May 27, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Silencing of hERG1 Gene Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Targeting the NF-κB Pathway
In this study, hERG1 transcript and protein levels in osteosarcoma cells and tissues were measured using semi-quantitative real time PCR (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The effects of hERG1 knockdown on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were examined using CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity, wound healing and transwell based assays. Furthermore, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and a luciferase reporter assay were used to assess the effects of hERG1 inhibition on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. In addition, the effect of NF-κB p65-...
Source: Journal of Cancer - June 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wenrong Zeng, Qingjun Liu, Zhida Chen, Xinyu Wu, Yuanfu Zhong, Jin Wu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Registered report: Systematic identification of genomic markers of drug sensitivity in cancer cells
The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology seeks to address growing concerns about the reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of selected experiments from a number of high-profile papers in the field of cancer biology. The papers, which were published between 2010 and 2012, were selected on the basis of citations and Altmetric scores (Errington et al., 2014). This Registered Report describes the proposed replication plan of key experiments from “Systematic identification of genomic markers of drug sensitivity in cancer cells” by Garnett and colleagues, published in Nature in 2012 (Garnett et...
Source: eLife - June 23, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Ewing & #039;s sarcoma Genes and Chromosomes Human mesenchymal progenitor cells methodology Mouse PARP poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology Source Type: research

Expression of G Protein-coupled Receptor 56 Is an Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Osteosarcoma Patients.
This study aimed at figuring out whether expression of the GPR56 was associated with clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma. Eighty-nine patients who received osteosarcoma operation between March 2004 and February 2011 in Linyi People's Hospital were recruited. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was carried out to identify the expression of GPR56 in those osteosarcoma tissues, and our cohort was divided into higher-expression group and lower-expression group according to the cut-off of IHC score. Expression of GPR56 in osteosarcoma tissues was correlated with the TNM stage and overall survival. Univariate and multiva...
Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine - July 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Chen Z, Gao P, Li Z Tags: Tohoku J Exp Med Source Type: research

A single nucleotide polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of the KRAS gene disrupts the interaction with let-7a and enhances the metastatic potential of osteosarcoma cells.
In this study, we confirmed that KRAS is a target of let-7a in OS cells, and the introduction of rs61764370 minor allele into KRAS 3'-UTR significantly compromised the microRNA (miRNA)/mRNA interaction using a luciferase reporter system. Additionally, a total of 36 OS tissue samples of three different genotypes (TT,22; TG,10; GG,4) were obtained, and the expression of let-7a and KRAS was determined. We showed that let-7a mRNA expression was similar between each group whereas the mRNA and protein expression of KRAS in the TT genotype group was significantly lower than that in the GT or GG genotype groups. Moreover, we ide...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - July 3, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhang S, Hou C, Li G, Zhong Y, Zhang J, Guo X, Li B, Bi Z, Shao M Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Hypoxic Proliferation of Osteosarcoma Cells Depends on Arginase II
Conclusions: These data support our hypothesis that hypoxia increases proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in an arginase II-dependent manner. We speculate that arginase II may represent a therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;39:802-813
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - July 29, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research