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Regional employment and individual worklessness during the Great Recession and the health of the working-age population: Cross-national analysis of 16 European countries
Publication date: Available online 25 June 2019Source: Social Science & MedicineAuthor(s): Claire L. Niedzwiedz, Katie H. Thomson, Clare Bambra, Jamie R. PearceAbstractStudies from single countries suggest that local labour market conditions, including rates of employment, tend to be associated with the health of the populations residing in those areas, even after adjustment for individual characteristics including employment status. The aim of this study is to strengthen the cross-national evidence base on the influence of regional employment levels and individual worklessness on health during the period of the Great Rece...
Source: Social Science and Medicine - June 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Academies Call for Global Action to Reduce Air Pollution
The U.S. National Academy of Sciences and U.S. National Academy of Medicine joined the science academies of South Africa, Brazil, and Germany today in issuing a statement calling for urgent worldwide action to reduce air pollution. The statement was handed over to senior United Nations representatives and diplomats from the four nations at a ceremony today in New York. Air pollution is a cross-cutting aspect of many UN Sustainable Development Goals. Air pollution is estimated to contribute to the premature deaths of at least 5 million people worldwide per year, as well as to chronic health conditions such as heart disease,...
Source: News from the National Academies - June 19, 2019 Category: Science Source Type: news

Nerve Growth Factor Serum Levels Are Associated With Regional Gray Matter Volume Differences in Schizophrenia Patients
ConclusionOur pilot study offered hints about the influence of serum NGF on the brain structure of several regions in schizophrenia patients, while no comparable results had been found in healthy controls. Remarkably, changes correlated with NGF serum levels manifested also in the cingulate cortex, a region that also showed volume reductions our group comparison between patients and controls and has been repeatedly implicated in the literature as morphologically altered in schizophrenia. While our sample certainly was small, we regard these findings as an encouraging indication for further research. The recruitment of larg...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 26, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Nutritional Heterogeneity Among Aspergillus fumigatus Strains Has Consequences for Virulence in a Strain- and Host-Dependent Manner
We examined the relationship between the metabolic processes of carbon catabolite repression (CCR), nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR) and virulence in a variety of A. fumigatus clinical isolates. A considerable amount of heterogeneity with respect to the degree of CCR and NCR was observed and a positive correlation between NCR and virulence in a neutropenic mouse model of pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) was found. Isolate Afs35 was selected for further analysis and compared to the reference strain A1163, with both strains presenting the same degree of virulence in a neutropenic mouse model of PA. Afs35 metabolome analysis ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Repeated Changes to the Gravitational Field Negatively Affect the Serum Concentration of Select Growth Factors and Cytokines
This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum with written informed consent from all subjects. All subjects gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was approved by the ethical committee of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (Register-Number 5158–14). Author Contributions US, FS, LG, and AK performed the experiments. US and TR analyzed the data, created the figures, and drafted the manuscript. TW, FS, and NB designed the study. All authors revised the manuscript and approved its fina...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 16, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders; A Focus on Amino Acids
Conclusion In Table 1, an overview is presented of the complex roles of AAs described in this review regarding the microbiome-gut-immune-brain axis in ASD. Besides behavioral deficits, people with ASD are characterized by systemic inflammation, gastrointestinal immune-related disturbances and changes in the gut microbiota composition. Moreover, differences in levels of specific AAs in various body compartments, including the intestinal tract, blood, urine and brain have been reported in patients with ASD, as well as in rodent models for ASD. This review described that specific AAs can modulate the intestinal epithelial im...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 15, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Evolution of subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (part  1): from first developments to mechanism-driven therapy concepts
ConclusionWhen adequately administered by physicians with allergological expertise, SCIT preparations are safe, well-tolerated, and clinically effective.
Source: Allergo Journal International - April 14, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Study of Dried Ginger and Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction Treatment of Cold Asthma Rats Using GC –MS Based Metabolomics
Conclusion In this study, serum and urine metabolites identified by GC–MS and general pharmacodynamic evaluation (morphological observation, histopathology, inflammatory factors, and visceral indices) were used to compare the effects of GJ and LGWWJX decoctions on cold asthma. Significant metabolic abnormalities were observed for 37 metabolites (15 in serum, 22 in urine) in rats with cold asthma. These altered metabolites might be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets during development of cold asthma. Furthermore, pathway analysis demonstrated that pathways associated with energy metabolism and oxidative str...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The long-term outcome of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Germany: a cross-sectional study
ConclusionsThe positive long-term prognosis of SSNS can reduce the concern of parents about the probability of the child developing a chronic renal disease during the clinical course after onset.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - February 5, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

An educational intervention to improve knowledge about prevention against occupational asthma and allergies using targeted maximum likelihood estimation
ConclusionsThese findings indicate the improvement of knowledge by the educational intervention.
Source: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health - January 14, 2019 Category: Occupational Health Source Type: research

Prospective observational study validating the German version of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT10)
Prospective observational study validating the German version of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT10), Published online: 04 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41533-018-0112-8A newly-translated German version of a two-factor asthma test shows promise as a reliable tool for assessing disease control. Asthma frequently co-exists with allergic rhinitis (AR), a condition in which allergies cause irritation and inflammation of the nasal passages. To verify asthma control under AR, a Portuguese team developed the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT10). Now, Christoph Ulrich Werner at the Technical ...
Source: npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine - December 4, 2018 Category: Primary Care Authors: Christoph Ulrich Werner Luisa Koch Klaus Linde Levente Kriston Konrad Schultz Oxana Atmann Antonius Schneider Source Type: research

Breast-milk microbes and risk of asthma by 6 years of age
Conclusions: Our data supports breast-milk as a considerable source of early-life microbial exposure and provides the first indication that microbes in breast-milk may affect the risk of asthma and thus have prolonged impact on child health.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hämynen, I., Täubel, M., Karvonen, A., Orivuori, L., Vaarala, O., Hyvärinen, A., Riedler, J., Roduit, C., Lauener, R., Dalphin, J.-C., Von Mutius, E., Remes, S., Pekkanen, J., Kirjavainen, P. V. Tags: Paediatric asthma and allergy Source Type: research

Prevalence and treatment of allergies in rural areas of Bavaria, Germany: a cross-sectional study
ConclusionsBased on the study results, there is a need for prevention programs and establishment of treatments for certain allergies to minimize long-term health effects. Moreover, more studies are needed to analyze the prevalence of allergies in farmers who had a higher prevalence of allergies compared to previously reported prevalence in literature reviews.Trial registrationsThe study was approved by the ethical review committee of the Technical University Munich (EC number 548/16S).
Source: World Allergy Organization Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Does Echinacea Really Work Against Colds? Here ’s What the Science Says
During cold season, people often search for natural cold remedies and immunity boosters. Echinacea has long been rumored to both prevent and knock out colds. But the evidence in favor of the herbal supplement is mixed, and its varied preparations make it hard to study. The name “echinacea” refers to almost 10 species of flowering herb, and echinacea supplements use one or several of these species. They can be made using either the plant’s above-ground parts or its below-ground roots (or both). All this variance has led to disagreement among experts when it comes to echinacea’s benefits. “Our s...
Source: TIME: Health - November 7, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Markham Heid Tags: Uncategorized Research Source Type: news

Does Echinacea Work? Here ’s What the Science Says
During cold season, people often search for natural cold remedies and immunity boosters. Echinacea has long been rumored to both prevent and knock out colds. But the evidence in favor of the herbal supplement is mixed, and its varied preparations make it hard to study. The name “echinacea” refers to almost 10 species of flowering herb, and echinacea supplements use one or several of these species. They can be made using either the plant’s above-ground parts or its below-ground roots (or both). All this variance has led to disagreement among experts when it comes to echinacea’s benefits. “Our s...
Source: TIME: Health - November 7, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Markham Heid Tags: Uncategorized Research Source Type: news

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