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Graph Attention Network based mapping of knowledge relations between chemical spaces of Nuclear factor kappa B and Centella asiatica
This study aims to explore the regulatory nature of the molecules from the inhibition and activation of the NF-κB bioassay data set and map this information for a knowledge-based analysis against the molecules of CA, a low-growing tropical plant. This finding has led to a new direction in the field, transitioning from the conventional active-inactive framework to a more comprehensive active-inactive-regulatory model. This approach can be thoroughly explored by leveraging a graph-based deep learning system. The study presents an innovative approach using a Graph Attention Network (GAT) to rank CA molecules in chemical spac...
Source: Computational Biology and Chemistry - September 21, 2023 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Vivek P Mithun Mohanan Shajil U K Sandesh E Pa Jaleel U C A Source Type: research
Development of critical thinking skills in human anatomy and physiology
Adv Physiol Educ. 2023 Sep 21. doi: 10.1152/advan.00131.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTApplication of knowledge skills are highly valued in clinical medicine as indicated by recent changes to licensure and entrance exams for nursing and physician programs (i.e., the NCLEX and MCAT). Such emphasis should be both welcomed and supported by approaches to teaching human anatomy and physiology that emphasize critical thinking skills built upon logic, reasoning, and judgement. The argument for development of these skills is not simply philosophical, rather, such emphasis is strongly supported by a 2016 Johns Hopkins study1 t...
Source: Advances in Physiology Education - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Erik P Silldorff Gerald D Robinson Source Type: research
Distinct subtypes of spatial brain metabolism patterns in Alzheimer's disease identified by deep learning-based FDG PET clusters
CONCLUSION: We identified distinct subtypes of AD with different clinicopathologic features. The deep learning-based approach to distinguish AD subtypes on FDG PET could have implications for predicting individual outcomes and provide a clue to understanding the heterogeneous pathophysiology of AD.PMID:37735259 | DOI:10.1007/s00259-023-06440-9
Source: Molecular Medicine - September 21, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hyun Gee Ryoo Hongyoon Choi Kuangyu Shi Axel Rominger Dong Young Lee Dong Soo Lee Alzheimer ’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Source Type: research
Variation in executive function relates to BMI increases in youth who were initially of a healthy weight in the ABCD Study
CONCLUSIONS: Underlying variation in EF and cognition may be important for weight gain, but 2 years of weight gain may not be enough to have clinical implications for EF and cognition beyond inhibitory control. These findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the inclusion of EF programs in obesity prevention efforts.PMID:37731207 | DOI:10.1002/oby.23811
Source: Obesity - September 21, 2023 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Authors: Shana Adise Jonatan Ottino-Gonzalez Lauren Goedde Andrew T Marshall Eric Kan Kyung E Rhee Michael I Goran Elizabeth R Sowell Source Type: research
Clinical and Histological Characteristics of Localized Morphea, Generalized Morphea and Systemic Sclerosis: A Comparative Study Aided by Machine Learning
Acta Derm Venereol. 2023 Sep 20;103:adv11953. doi: 10.2340/actadv.v103.11953.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37731211 | DOI:10.2340/actadv.v103.11953
Source: Acta Dermato-Venereologica - September 21, 2023 Category: Dermatology Authors: Sooyeon Choi Jemin Kim Joo Hee Lee Yun Na Lee Ju Hee Lee Source Type: research
Reducing the risk of hallucinations with interpretable deep learning models for low-dose CT denoising: comparative performance analysis
In this study, we aim to use qualitative reader studies and quantitative radiomics studies to assess the perceived quality, signal preservation and statistical feature preservation of LDCT volumes denoised by deep learning. We aim to compare interpretable deep learning methods with classical deep neural networks in clinical de-
noising performance.
Approach: We conducted an image quality analysis (IQA) study to assess the image quality of the denoised volumes based on four criteria to assess the perceived image quality. We subsequently conduct a lesion detection/segmentation study to assess the impact of de...
Source: Physics in Medicine and Biology - September 21, 2023 Category: Physics Authors: Mayank Patwari Ralf Gutjahr Roy Marcus Yannick Thali Adria Font Calvarons Rainer Raupach Andreas Maier Source Type: research
Learning to drive with neurological conditions: profile of users of an adapted driver training program and cognitive factors associated with success
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that approximately half of the persons enrolled in a driver training program designed for learners with neurological conditions, obtain a driver's license; and that attention, and to a lesser extent executive functioning and working memory, are related to driving program success.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONIn individual with neurological conditions, learning how to drive can be challenging.An adapted driver training program, involving collaboration between driving instructors and healthcare professionals, simplification of theoretical learning, and increasing driving practice opportunit...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - September 20, 2023 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Adam Fahmi Mathieu Garon Alexandra Ribon-Demars Laurie Dubois Martin Caouette Marie- Ève Lamontagne Simon Beaulieu-Bonneau Source Type: research
Road map for personalized exercise medicine in T2DM
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 18:S1043-2760(23)00166-2. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.08.013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising at an alarming rate. Regular physical activity and exercise are cornerstones in the therapy of T2DM. While a one-size-fits-all approach fails to account for many between-subject differences, the use of personalized exercise medicine has the potential of optimizing health outcomes. Here, a road map for personalized exercise therapy targeted at patients with T2DM is presented. It considers secondary complications, glucose management, re...
Source: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM - September 20, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Christian Brinkmann Source Type: research
The effects of carvacrol and p-cymene on A β < sub > 1-42 < /sub > -induced long-term potentiation deficit in male rats
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that CAR or p-cymene can ameliorate Aβ-associated changes in synaptic plasticity. Surprisingly, the combination of CAR and p-cymene did not yield the same effect, suggesting a potential interaction between the two substances.PMID:37727020 | DOI:10.1111/cns.14459
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - September 20, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sahifeh Kazemi Samaneh Safari Somayeh Komaki Seyed Asaad Karimi Zoleikha Golipoor Alireza Komaki Source Type: research
Association between immunohistochemical markers and tumor progression following resection of spinal chordomas: a multicenter study
CONCLUSIONS: These IHC variables with tree-based machine learning tools successfully demonstrate a high capacity to identify a patient's tumor progression pattern with an accuracy of 66%. Pancytokeratin, EMA, cytokeratin A1/A3, and S100 protein were the IHC drivers of a low tumor progression. This shows the power of machine learning algorithms in analyzing and predicting outcomes of rare conditions in a small sample size.PMID:37728388 | DOI:10.3171/2023.6.SPINE23348
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine - September 20, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Abdul Karim Ghaith Oluwaseun O Akinduro Carlos Perez-Vega Antonio Bon Nieves Kingsley Abode-Iyamah Naresh Patel Maziyar Kalani Michelle J Clarke Peter Rose Mohamad Bydon Source Type: research
Effectiveness of a vision-based handle trajectory monitoring system in studying robotic suture operation
J Robot Surg. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1007/s11701-023-01713-9. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTData on surgical robots are not openly accessible, limiting further study of the operation trajectory of surgeons' hands. Therefore, a trajectory monitoring system should be developed to examine objective indicators reflecting the characteristic parameters of operations. 20 robotic experts and 20 first-year residents without robotic experience were included in this study. A dry-lab suture task was used to acquire relevant hand performance data. Novices completed training on the simulator and then performed the task, while the expert t...
Source: Hand Surgery - September 20, 2023 Category: Surgery Authors: Gaojie Chen Lu Li Jacques Hubert Bin Luo Kun Yang Xinghuan Wang Source Type: research
Recruiting the next generation of rural healthcare practitioners: the impact of an online mentoring program on career and educational goals in rural youth
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that online mentoring can direct rural youths' career interests toward, and provide a refreshing approach to imparting information about, healthcare professions. Although its longitudinal impacts need to be studied, the changes in attitudes and gains in knowledge observed while participating in this program put these students on the right track for eventually transitioning to health science programs. Arming rural youth with the knowledge and motivation to pursue healthcare careers through near-peer mentorship could be a unique strategy for increasing rural student representation in health sc...
Source: Rural Remote Health - September 20, 2023 Category: Rural Health Authors: Juliet Oshiro Katherine Wisener Angela L Nash Blair Stanley Sandra Jarvis-Selinger Source Type: research
Semaglutide ameliorates cognition and glucose metabolism dysfunction in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via the GLP-1R/SIRT1/GLUT4 pathway
In this study, we found that SIRT1 is closely related to expression of GLP-1R in hippocampus of 3xTg mice. Therefore, we used semaglutide, a novel GLP-1R agonist currently undergoing two phase 3 clinical trials in AD patients, to observe the effect of SIRT1 after semaglutide treatment in 3XTg mice and HT22 cells, and to explore the mechanism of SIRT1 in the glucose metabolism disorders of AD. The mice were injected with semaglutide on alternate days for 30 days, followed by behavioral experiments including open field test, new object recognition test, and Y-maze. The content of glucose in the brain was also measured by usi...
Source: Neuropharmacology - September 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhao-Jun Wang Xin-Ru Li Shi-Fan Chai Wei-Ran Li Shuo Li Meng Hou Jia-Lei Li Yu-Cai Ye Hong-Yan Cai Christian H ölscher Mei-Na Wu Source Type: research
Machine learning-based mortality prediction in hip fracture patients using biomarkers
J Orthop Res. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1002/jor.25675. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this retrospective study was to assess whether mortality following a hip fracture can be predicted by a machine learning model trained on basic blood and lab test data as well as basic demographic data. Additionally, the purpose was to identify the key variables most associated with 1-, 5-, and 10-year mortality and investigate their clinical significance. Input data included 3751 hip fracture patient records sourced from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database, which provided records from in-hospital databas...
Source: Cell Research - September 20, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: George Asrian Abhinav Suri Chamith Rajapakse Source Type: research
Integrated Analysis of Immune Infiltration and Hub Pyroptosis-Related Genes for Multiple Sclerosis
CONCLUSION: MS was associated with immune infiltration. CASP4 and NLRC4 were key biomarkers of pyroptosis in MS.PMID:37727371 | PMC:PMC10505586 | DOI:10.2147/JIR.S422189
Source: Cell Research - September 20, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Shaoru Zhang Yue Ma Xiaoqin Luo Hongmei Xiao Ruiqi Cheng Anan Jiang Xinyue Qin Source Type: research
