Drug-loaded polymer-coated silver nanoparticles for lung cancer theranostics
AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of death in cancer across the globe. To minimize these deaths, the replacement of traditional chemotherapy with novel strategies is significant. We have developed a nanotheranostic approach using silver nanoparticles for imaging and treatment. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are fabricated by chemical reduction method. The formulation of AgNPs was confirmed by different characterization techniques like stability test, UV –Visible spectroscopy, Confocal Raman Spectroscopy, and Energy-Dispersive X-ray analysis. Further, AgNPs are coated with poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) and then...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
NLRX1: a key regulator in mitochondrial respiration and colorectal cancer progression
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy with high mortality rates and significant risks to human well-being. Population-wide screening for tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes shows promise for reducing the incidence and fatality of CRC. Recent studies have suggested that NLRX1, an innate immunity suppressor, may play a role in regulating chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, further investigation is needed to understand the specific role of NLRX1 in CRC. To evaluate the impact of NLRX1 on migration, invasion, and metastasis, two human colon cancer cell lines were studied in vitr...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 29, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
In silico and network pharmacology analysis of fucosterol: a potent anticancer bioactive compound against HCC
AbstractThe Fucaceae family of marine brown algae includes Ascophyllum nodosum. Fucosterol (FSL) is a unique bioactive component that was identified through GC-MS analysis of the hydroalcoholic extract ofA. nodosum. Fucosterol's mechanism of action towards hepatocellular cancer was clarified using network pharmacology and docking study techniques. The probable target gene of FSL has been predicted using the TargetNet and SwissTargetPred databases. GeneCards and the DisGNet database were used to check the targeted genes of FSL. By using the web programme Venny 2.1, the overlaps of FSL and HCC disease demonstrated that 18 ge...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Retraction Note: Silencing POLE2 promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinomas by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
(Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - April 26, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of the STING pathway in myeloid neoplasms: a prospero-registered systematic review of principal hurdles of STING on the road to the clinical practice
AbstractMyeloid neoplasms are a group of bone marrow diseases distinguished by disruptions in the molecular pathways that regulate the balance between hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and the generation of specialized cells. Cytokines and chemokines, two important components of the inflammatory process, also influence hematological differentiation. In this scenario, immunological dysregulation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of bone marrow neoplasms. The STING pathway recognizes DNA fragments in the cell cytoplasm and triggers an immune response by type I interferons. The role of STING in cancer has not ...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A new vision of the efficacy of both CAR-NK and CAR-T cells in treating cancers and autoimmune diseases
AbstractChimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) based therapies are becoming increasingly important in treating patients. CAR-T cells have been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, harmful therapeutic barriers have been identified, such as the potential for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), neurotoxicity, and cytokine release syndrome (CRS). As a result, CAR NK-cell therapy is expected to be a new therapeutic option. NK cells act as cytotoxic lymphocytes, supporting the innate immune response against autoimmune diseases and cancer cells by precisely detecting and eliminating maligna...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and thymoquinone induce apoptosis and alteration in mitochondria in colorectal cancer cells
This study aimed to determine the roles of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate agonists and Thymoquinone on mitochondria and apoptosis. HT-29 cells were treated with different TQ and MK-801 concentrations. We analyzed cell viability, apoptosis, and alteration of mitochondria. Cell viability significantly decreased depending on doses of TQ and MK-801. Apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by low and high doses of TQ and MK-801. Our study emphasizes the need for further safety evaluation of MK-801 due to the potential toxicity risk of TQ and MK-801. Optimal and toxic doses of TQ and MK-801 were determined for the treatment of co...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Ferroptosis is an effective strategy for cancer therapy
AbstractFerroptosis is a form of intracellular iron-dependent cell death that differs from necrosis, autophagy and apoptosis. Intracellular iron mediates Fenton reaction resulting in lipid peroxidation production, which in turn promotes cell death. Although cancer cell exhibit ’s ability to escape ferroptosis by multiple pathways such as SLC7A11, GPX4, induction of ferroptosis could inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In tumor microenvironment, ferroptosis could affect immune cell (T cells, macrophages etc.) activity, which in turn regulates tumor immune escape. In addition, ferroptosis in cancer c...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Comprehensive review of the repositioning of non-oncologic drugs for cancer immunotherapy
AbstractDrug repositioning or repurposing has gained worldwide attention as a plausible way to search for novel molecules for the treatment of particular diseases or disorders. Drug repurposing essentially refers to uncovering approved or failed compounds for use in various diseases. Cancer is a deadly disease and leading cause of mortality. The search for approved non-oncologic drugs for cancer treatment involved in silico modeling, databases, and literature searches. In this review, we provide a concise account of the existing non-oncologic drug molecules and their therapeutic potential in chemotherapy. The mechanisms an...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Challenges and strategies in relation to effective CAR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors
AbstractChimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its application to solid tumors is limited. CAR-T cells have poor incapability of entering, surviving, proliferating, and finally exerting function in the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the main strategies related to enhancing the infiltration, efficacy, antigen recognition, and production of CAR-T in solid tumors. Additional applications of CAR- γδ T and macrophages are also discussed. We believe CAR-T will be a milestone in treating solid tumors once these problems are solved. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Anti-cancer potential of zerumbone in cancer and glioma: current trends and future perspectives
AbstractPlant-derived immunomodulators and antitumor factors have appealed lots of attention from natural product scientists for their efficiency and safety and their important contribution to well-designed targeted drug action and delivery mechanisms. Zerumbone (ZER), the chief component ofZingiber zerumbet rhizomes, has been examined for its wide-spectrum in the treatment of multi-targeted diseases. The rhizomes have been used as food flavoring agents in numerous cuisines and in flora medication. Numerous in vivo and in vitro experiments have prepared confirmation of ZER as a potent immunomodulator as well as a potential...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Correction to: Gingerol and/or sorafenib attenuates the DAB-induced HCC and hepatic portal vein dilatation via ATG4/CASP3 and COIIV/COX-2/NF- κB expression
(Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - April 22, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
FTO promotes gastric cancer progression by modulating MAP4K4 expression via demethylation in an m6A-dependent manner
AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a serious malignant tumour with a high mortality rate and a poor prognosis. Recently, emerging evidence has suggested that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a crucial regulatory role in cancer progression. However, the exact role of m6A regulatory factors FTO in GC is unclear. First, the expression of m6A methylation-related regulatory factors in clinical samples and the clinical data of the corresponding patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-STAD) dataset, and correlation analysis between FTO expression and patient clinicopathological parameters was subsequently...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 20, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Identification of small molecule inhibitors against Lin28/let-7 to suppress tumor progression and its alleviation role in LIN28-dependent glucose metabolism
AbstractThe reciprocal suppression of an RNA-binding protein LIN28 (human abnormal cell lineage 28) and miRNA Let-7 (Lethal 7) is considered to have a prime role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Though targeting this inhibition interaction is effective for therapeutics, it causes other unfavorable effects on glucose metabolism and increased insulin resistance. Hence, this study aims to identify small molecules targeting Lin28/let-7 interaction along with additional potency to improve insulin sensitivity. Of 22,14,996 small molecules screened by high throughput virtual screening, 6 molecules, namely 41354, 1558, 12437, 23...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The role of SWI/SNF complexes in digestive system neoplasms
AbstractChromatin remodeling is a critical step in the DNA damage response, and the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers are a group of epigenetic regulators that alter nucleosome assembly and regulate transcription factor accessibility to DNA, preventing genomic instability and tumorigenesis caused by DNA damage. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is one of them, and mutations in the gene encoding the SWI/SNF subunit are frequently found in digestive tumors. We review the most recent literature on the role of SWI/SNF complexes in digestive tumorigenesis, with different SWI/SNF subunits playing different roles. They re...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
