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Total 256 results found since Jan 2013.

Current Challenges for Imaging of Hypoxia in 2019
1128Introduction: Tissues with low levels of oxygen often respond poorly to radiation therapy and chemo / immune therapies. Hypoxia in tumor bearing tissue is associated with worse clinical outcome and this has been known for over 50 years. Alterations to radiation therapy planning via providing localized boost to hypoxic tissues cannot be made without knowing exactly where hypoxia exists. However, there is no FDA approved agent to assess for hypoxia in tumor tissues, there is no accepted standard methodology for measuring hypoxia in patients, nor are there FDA approved agents for treating hypoxia. There are multiple PET i...
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 20, 2019 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Rodgers, B., Kotlyarov, E. Tags: Educational Exhibit Posters Source Type: research

Delayed radiation-induced stroke mimics recurrent tumor in and adolescent with remote history of low-grade brainstem glioma
A 13-year-old female was diagnosed with a ponto- medullary brainstem glioma and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, underwent focal photon intensity modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, the patient presented with acute onset left-sided hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast- enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion- weighted imaging most concerning for a high grade secondary malignancy (Figure 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John Ross Crawford Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Statins May Be Beneficial After Radiation to Thorax, Head, Neck
WEDNESDAY, June 19, 2019 -- For cardiac patients with thorax and head or neck cancer, statin use after radiation therapy is associated with a significant reduction in stroke incidence and a trend toward reduced cardiovascular and cerebrovascular...
Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News - June 19, 2019 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Statins May Cut Stroke Risk After Cancer Radiation
Radiation therapy can cause arteries to scar or thicken, leading to blockages that can result in heart attacks and strokes. Statins work by keeping plaques from building up in blood vessels, preventing blockages.
Source: WebMD Health - June 20, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Delayed Radiation-Induced Stroke Mimics Recurrent Tumor in an Adolescent With Remote History of Low-Grade Brainstem Glioma
This 13-year-old girl was diagnosed with a ponto-medullary brainstem glioma, and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, she underwent focal photon intensity-modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, she presented with acute left hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast-enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion-weighted imaging, most concerning for a high-grade secondary malignancy (Fig 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John R. Crawford Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Protracted Recovery From Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy (SMART) Syndrome: A Case Report
The purpose of this case report is to document a protracted course of recovery and the deficits exhibited by a person with SMART syndrome.
Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - September 25, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Cyrielle Andrew, Karen Hux Source Type: research

Late delayed radiation-induced cerebral Arteriopathy by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging: a case report
Radiation therapy can cause cerebral arteriopahty, resulting in ischemic stroke. We document late-delayed cerebral arteriopathy by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) in a middle aged man who h...
Source: BMC Neurology - October 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Huan Chen, Xiuhua Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wenjuan Xu, Fei Mao, Mengxin Bao and Meijia Zhu Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Outcomes of cardiac surgery after mediastinal radiation therapy: A single ‐center experience
ConclusionThis study shows that cardiac surgery after mediastinal radiotherapy is associated with increased short ‐ and long‐term mortality when compared to preoperative mortality risks predicted by the Euroscore II. Surgery‐related events caused all short‐term mortality cases, while malignancy‐related events were the main cause of death during the follow‐up. Mortality was higher in patients with a previous stroke and a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Surgery - January 22, 2020 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Onur B. Dolmaci, Emile S. Farag, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Wim J. P. Boven, Abdullah Kaya Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Carotid Sparing Conformal Radiotherapy for Early Larynx Cancer
Parallel opposed lateral (POL) portals have been adopted as the mainstay radiation therapy technique for early-stage carcinoma of the glottis. Although the use of POL has been associated with excellent control rates and tolerability, the partial inclusion of carotid arteries (CAs) in the high dose regions of the fields has been shown to lead to an increased long-term risk of carotid stenosis and hemorrhagic stroke. Many researchers have proposed the utilization of three-dimension conformal therapy (3DCRT) or Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) as viable carotid-sparing techniques via reductions to the mean and max...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 12, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: N.S. Kalman, J. Laher, B. Zholendz Tags: Toxicity, Quality of Life, Survivorship, Costs of Care Source Type: research

Goal-directed therapy with bolus albumin 5% is not superior to bolus ringer acetate in maintaining systemic and mesenteric oxygen delivery in major upper abdominal surgery: A randomised controlled trial
CONCLUSION Bolus human albumin 5% was not superior to bolus ringer acetate in maintaining systemic or mesenteric oxygen delivery in elective major upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery, despite the administration of larger volumes of trial fluid in the ringer acetate group. No significant difference was seen in fluid-related complications or LOS. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://eudract.ema.europa.eu/ Identifier: 2013-002217-36.
Source: European Journal of Anaesthesiology - May 11, 2020 Category: Anesthesiology Tags: Haemodynamics Source Type: research

Without intervention, a 70% reduction in strokes or death in patients with brain AVMs
(University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM)) For people with a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM), a congenital vascular system defect, fate has a name: stroke. To avoid this risk, patients sometimes undergo interventions to remove the malformation. But is this very beneficial? Not necessarily. According to an international clinical trial, co-directed by researchers from the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), interventional treatment--by neurosurgery, neuroradiology or radiation therapy--could be more dangerous than the disease itself.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - June 17, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Age-stratified clinical performance and survival of patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma homogeneously treated by radiotherapy with concomitant and maintenance temozolomide.
CONCLUSION: Elderly patients in good pre- and postoperative clinical conditions may show similar outcome as younger patients when treated according to standard of care. However, elderly patients may suffer more frequently from clinical deterioration following chemoradiotherapy. In both age groups, MGMT promoter methylation was linked to longer PFS and OS. PMID: 32748120 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clin Med Res - August 2, 2020 Category: Research Authors: Berger K, Turowski B, Felsberg J, Malzkorn B, Reifenberger G, Steiger HJ, Budach W, Haussmann J, Knipps J, Rapp M, Hänggi D, Sabel M, Mijderwijk HJ, Kamp MA Tags: J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Source Type: research

Potentially Reversible and Recognizable Acute Encephalopathic Syndromes: Disease Categorization and MRI Appearances ADULT BRAIN
SUMMARY: "Encephalopathy" is a vague term that encompasses varying definitions, often with a nonspecific clinical presentation and numerous possible pathophysiologic causes. Hence, MR imaging plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and treatment by identifying imaging patterns when there is limited clinical history in such patients with acute encephalopathy. The aim of this review was to aid in remembrance of etiologies of potentially reversible acute encephalopathic syndromes on MR imaging. The differential includes vascular (reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, transient global amnesia, disseminated intrava...
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - August 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Koksel, Y., McKinney, A. M. Tags: ADULT BRAIN Source Type: research

Classical Clinical and Neuroimaging Findings in SMART (Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy) Syndrome
Eur Neurol
Source: European Neurology - August 31, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Rate of radiation-induced microbleed formation on 7T MRI relates to cognitive impairment in young patients treated with radiation therapy for a brain tumor.
CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with RT during youth is associated with the chronic development of CMBs that evolve with memory impairment over time. PMID: 32966846 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology - September 19, 2020 Category: Radiology Authors: Morrison MA, Mueller S, Felton E, Jakary A, Stoller S, Avadiappan S, Yuan J, Molinaro AM, Braunstein S, Banerjee A, Hess CP, Lupo JM Tags: Radiother Oncol Source Type: research